scholarly journals Oral diadochokinesis and associated oro‐facial function in young and old German mother‐tongue speakers: A cross‐sectional study

Gerodontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schimmel ◽  
Tania Domioni ◽  
Hristina Bukvic ◽  
Itsuka Arakawa ◽  
Eberhard Seifert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Diadochokinesis ◽  
Facial Function

scholarly journals PROLONGATION OF ORAL PHASE FOR INITIAL SWALLOW OF SOLID FOOD IS ASSOCIATED WITH ORAL DIADOCHOKINESIS DETERIORATION IN NURSING HOME RESIDENTS IN JAPAN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. Shimosaka ◽  
W. Fujii ◽  
Y. Kakinoki ◽  
S. Akifusa
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Solid Food ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Saliva Flow Rate ◽  
Chewing Ability ◽  
Saliva Flow ◽  
Oral Diadochokinesis

Background: Prolongation of bolus forming complicates ingestion, in particular in older adults. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine which oral functions are associated with prolongation of the oral phase of forming a bolus until swallowing in older adults. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: three nursing homes in Kitakyushu, Japan from August 2017 to October 2018. Participants: 39 adults >60-years. Measurements: Number of functional teeth, chewing ability, swallowing ability, tongue and cheek pressure, saliva flow rate, oral diadochokinesis, global cognitive function, and body mass index, were examined. Time of oral phase until the first swallowing of solid food was measured as the outcome of the study using video, and audio recording of the swallowing sound by a throat microphone, with the cutoff point designated at 30 s. Based on the oral phase, participants were divided in two groups: normal and prolonged. Results: The 39 enrolled participants had a median age of 87 years, 17.3% were men, and 48.7% had prolonged oral phase. In the prolonged group, the swallowing ability, saliva flow rate, tongue and cheek pressure, and oral diadochokinesis were significantly lower than in the normal group. Binomial logistic regression analysis revealed that oral phase prolongation was associated with oral diadochokinesis (odds ratio 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.67–0.98) after adjusting for potential covariates. Conclusion: Oral diadochokinesis deterioration is significantly associated with oral phase prolongation for initial swallowing of solid food in older adults.

scholarly journals PROLONGATION OF ORAL PHASE FOR INITIAL SWALLOW OF SOLID FOOD IS ASSOCIATED WITH ORAL DIADOCHOKINESIS DETERIORATION IN NURSING HOME RESIDENTS IN JAPAN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
M. Shimosaka ◽  
W. Fujii ◽  
Y. Kakinoki ◽  
S. Akifusa
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Solid Food ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Saliva Flow Rate ◽  
Chewing Ability ◽  
Saliva Flow ◽  
Oral Diadochokinesis

Background: Prolongation of bolus forming complicates ingestion, in particular in older adults. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine which oral functions are associated with prolongation of the oral phase of forming a bolus until swallowing in older adults. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: three nursing homes in Kitakyushu, Japan from August 2017 to October 2018. Participants: 39 adults >60-years. Measurements: Number of functional teeth, chewing ability, swallowing ability, tongue and cheek pressure, saliva flow rate, oral diadochokinesis, global cognitive function, and body mass index, were examined. Time of oral phase until the first swallowing of solid food was measured as the outcome of the study using video, and audio recording of the swallowing sound by a throat microphone, with the cutoff point designated at 30 s. Based on the oral phase, participants were divided in two groups: normal and prolonged. Results: The 39 enrolled participants had a median age of 87 years, 17.3% were men, and 48.7% had prolonged oral phase. In the prolonged group, the swallowing ability, saliva flow rate, tongue and cheek pressure, and oral diadochokinesis were significantly lower than in the normal group. Binomial logistic regression analysis revealed that oral phase prolongation was associated with oral diadochokinesis (odds ratio 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.67–0.98) after adjusting for potential covariates. Conclusion: Oral diadochokinesis deterioration is significantly associated with oral phase prolongation for initial swallowing of solid food in older adults.

scholarly journals Assessing the Attitude of Parents Towards Various Behaviour Management Techniques Used during Paediatric Dental Treatment: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sunil Kumar ◽  
V Aravinth ◽  
Madhan Chenchugopal ◽  
Arun Elangovan ◽  
Arjun Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Behaviour Management ◽  
Median Test ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Every child who enters the dental clinic is different. Some of them are anxious, some are scared, some are angry, and some are confused. Rarely, children exhibit a positive behaviour, most of them being uncooperative. The child’s behaviour in turn influences the efficiency and outcome of the dental treatment. Aim: To assess parents or caregivers’ acceptance of various Behaviour Management Techniques (BMT) through direct observation and feedback received. materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was planned to assess the most preferred BMT. The study was conducted from November 1st, 2018 to October 31st, 2019 for a period of one year. Parents of children between the ages of four to nine years were included in the study using non random convenience sampling with 675 participants. Every parent was given an explanation about the study and briefed about nine major BMTs in regional language. Audiovisual aid for each technique in their own mother tongue was displayed via a projector and sound systems and parents were asked to watch it. Later they were given a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) of 10 mm length with markings, printed on a sheet of paper to assess the preference for each technique. Collected data was entered in an excel sheet and analysis was done using median test. Results: The results showed that 32.4% i.e., the highest percentage of people opted for Tell Show Do (TSD), indicating that TSD is the best BMT. Professional status of parent showed a significant impact on BMT selection. Conclusion: This study reveals that amongst all the behaviour management methods, ‘Tell-Show-Do’ was the most accepted BMT by the parents and the professional background of the parent has a statistically significant role in the selection of BMT.

Disease-Specific Quality of Life in Vestibular Schwannoma: A National Cross-sectional Study Comparing Microsurgery, Radiosurgery, and Observation

2020 ◽  
pp. 019459982094101
Author(s):  
Cynthia M. Chweya ◽  
Nicole M. Tombers ◽  
Christine M. Lohse ◽  
Michael J. Link ◽  
Matthew L. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Vestibular Schwannoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Facial Function ◽  
Disease Specific

Objective To examine the impact of treatment on disease-specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among patients with sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS). Study Design National cross-sectional study. Setting Tertiary referral center and the Acoustic Neuroma Association. Subjects and Methods Adult patients with VS who completed the Penn Acoustic Neuroma Quality of Life (PANQOL) survey. Patients were classified by treatment at the most recent survey as microsurgery, radiosurgery, observation, or recently diagnosed (RD). PANQOL scores were compared among VS treatment groups and with nontumor controls using analysis of covariance. Results A total of 1362 respondents with VS were analyzed. Total PANQOL scores differed significantly by treatment ( P = .024) with adjusted means of 60, 63, 65, and 62 for the microsurgery, radiosurgery, observation, and RD groups, respectively. Subdomain scores for facial function, balance, hearing loss, and pain differed significantly ( P < .05) by treatment. Comparisons that surpassed thresholds for clinical significance included microsurgery compared to radiosurgery and observation for facial function, microsurgery compared to observation and RD for hearing loss, and microsurgery compared to radiosurgery and observation for pain. Subdomain scores for anxiety, facial function, balance, hearing loss, energy, and pain and total PANQOL scores for nontumor controls were significantly higher (ie, more favorable) compared to the VS groups ( P < .05). General health scores did not differ significantly between the nontumor controls and the VS groups ( P = .19). Conclusion Differences in HRQOL among treatment modalities are small and variably exceed the minimal clinically important difference. The impact of a VS diagnosis on HRQOL supersedes that of the treatment type.

Does a Graduate Course in Fluency Disorders Make a Difference?

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn R. Klein ◽  
Barbara J. Amster
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Graduate Course ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fluency Disorders ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
Communicative Disorders

Abstract A study by Yaruss and Quesal (2002), based on responses from 134 of 239 ASHA accredited graduate programs, indicated that approximately 25% of graduate programs in the United States allow students to earn their degree without having coursework in fluency disorders and 66% of programs allow students to graduate without clinical experience treating people who stutter (PWS). It is not surprising that many clinicians report discomfort in treating PWS. This cross-sectional study compares differences in beliefs about the cause of stuttering between freshman undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory course in communicative disorders and graduate students enrolled and in the final weeks of a graduate course in fluency disorders.

Confidence toward vaccination as reported by parents of children admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study

Vacunas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.M. AlGoraini ◽  
N.N. AlDujayn ◽  
M.A. AlRasheed ◽  
Y.E. Bashawri ◽  
S.S. Alsubaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Conflict Avoidance in Old Age

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Oberhauser ◽  
Andreas B. Neubauer ◽  
Eva-Marie Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs ( Sheldon, 2011 ). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.

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