Micro-Neutralization Test for Mumps Virus Using the 96-Well Tissue Culture Plate and PAP (Peroxidase-Anti peroxidase) Staining Technique

1985 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinobu Okuno ◽  
Koichi Yamanishi ◽  
Soe Lwin ◽  
Michiaki Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Neutralization Test ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Mumps Virus ◽  
Culture Plate ◽  
Tissue Culture Plate

scholarly journals ANTIPLAQUE EFFICACY OF GANODERMA LUCIDUM TOOTHPASTE - AN IN VITRO STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Prabhjeet S ◽  
Meena A K ◽  
Jesil M
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Culture Plate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tissue Culture Plate

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum toothpaste as an antiplaque agent and to compare its efficacy with herbal toothpaste and mouthwash.Methods: Pooled saliva was collected in a sterile container from the volunteers after taking the consent. Tissue culture plate with 12 (3 × 4) wells was chosen. Pooled saliva of 20 mL was added to each well using the micropipette and was kept in the incubator at 37°C for 72 h. After 72 h, saliva was removed without touching the walls or the base of the wells. Each row was treated either with slurry prepared with Ganoderma/herbal/Colgate total toothpaste or herbal/chlorhexidine mouthwash/distilled water. One row of wells was kept as a control using erythrosine dye. After 30 s, all the wells were rinsed with distilled water. Erythrosine dye was added to all the wells, kept for 30 s, and rinsed with distilled water. The tissue culture plate was kept in the ELx800MS machine (ELISA reader) which was set at 540 nm, and the readings were obtained.Results: The results showed that G. lucidum toothpaste slurry reduced plaque than herbal and chlorhexidine mouthwash. However, there was no significant difference in plaque reduction between herbal and G. lucidum toothpaste slurries.Conclusion: The present study concluded that G. lucidum had better antiplaque efficacy than herbal toothpaste, herbal mouthwash, and chlorhexidine mouthwash.

scholarly journals Effect of Glucose Induction on Biofilm Density in Clinical Isolate Acinetobacter baumannii Patients in Intensive Care Unit of Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Wira W Lindarto ◽  
Eddy Bagus Wasito ◽  
Kartuti Debora
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Culture Plate ◽  
Tissue Culture Plate ◽  
Glucose Induction ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Effect Of Glucose

This study aimed to analyze the effect of glucose induction on the clinical isolate biofilm density of Acinetobacter baumannii. Thirteen clinical isolates of A. baumannii non biofilm forming were collected from non-DM patients who were treated at the ICU of Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, was treated with the addition of 0.08% glucose, 0.15% glucose, 0.2% glucose, and 0.4% glucose in TSB growth media, followed by biofilm density examination with Tissue Culture Plate Method (TCPM) using 96 wells flatbottomed polyesterene tissue culture plate and read by autoreader ELISA with a wavelength of 630 nm (OD630). Biofilm density obtained was analyzed using ANOVA statistical analysis. The results of OD630 showed that the biofilm density increased significantly at the addition of 0.2% and 0.4% glucose. There was a significant increase in biofilm density at the addition of 0.2% and 0.4% glucose so that the management of blood sugar levels in ICU patients was needed before and when medical devices were installed.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance profiles of biofilm-forming bacteria associated with urine and urinary catheters in a tertiary hospital in Ile-Ife, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Michael O. Osungunna ◽  
Grace O. Onawunmi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Culture Plate ◽  
Tissue Culture Plate ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Background: Microorganisms that infect humans differ in pathogenesis, virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance profiles. In natural settings, bacterial cells are most often found in close association with surfaces and interfaces, in the form of multicellular aggregates commonly called biofilms. Given their ubiquity and importance in the microbial world, it is hardly surprising that biofilms have attracted the attention of the scientific community. Biofilm formation on medical implant devices such as catheters is also a major problem that is closely tied to the adhesion and resistance-related abilities of the biofilm.Methodology: The ability of 216 bacterial isolates from mid-stream urine (100), catheter-stream urine (52) and catheter tips (64) to form biofilms was investigated using the tissue culture plate method, the tube and Congo red agar methods as well as their antibiotic resistance profiles using the agar disc diffusion method.Results: These revealed that Klebsiella spp. was the predominant bacterial genera accounting for 45.8% of the total isolates. A total of 50 isolates were biofilm-formers with 22% identified by the tissue culture plate method and 78% identified by the Congo red agar method. Klebsiella spp. had the highest ability to form biofilm while antibiotic resistance profiles showed all the biofilmformers to be multiply antibiotic resistant with least resistance to ofloxacin.Conclusion: It can therefore be concluded that some bacterial isolates associated with urinary tract infections have a propensity to form biofilm, thereby becoming multiply antibiotic resistant, and ofloxacin remains the antibiotic of choice in the treatment of such infections.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Metode Skrining Biofilm Enterococcus faecalis Isolat Klinik Kateter Urin

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wani Devita Gunardi ◽  
Mohamad Yanuar Prasetyo Nugroho ◽  
Elisabeth D. Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
National Healthcare ◽  
National Healthcare Safety Network ◽  
Culture Plate ◽  
Tissue Culture Plate

Laporan National Healthcare Safety Network dari tahun 2006 - 2008, menunjukan penyebab paling umum kedua infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) terkait kateter adalah genus Enterococcus setelah Eschericia coli. Pada infeksi saluran kemih terkait kateter urin, faktor yang berperan penting dalam patogenesis infeksi ini, yaitu: pembentukan biofilm pada kateter urin. Peranan Enterococcus faecalis sebagai penyebab infeksi saluran kemih berkaitan dengan kemampuannya dalam membentuk biofilm. Ada beberapa variasi metode untuk mendeteksi pembentukan biofilm seperti Tissue Culture Plate (TCP), Tube method (TM), dan Congo Red Agar (CRA). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan metode deteksi pembentukan biofilm dari E. faecalis yang tepat, cepat, dan mudah dilakukan. Total tigabelas isolat bakteri E. faecalis yang didapat dari hasil isolasi kultur kateter urin dilakukan uji deteksi pembentukan biofilm dengan metode TCP sebagai baku emas dan CRA sebagai pemeriksaan pembanding. Hasilnya, didapatkan 61,5% dan 69,2% bakteri E. faecalis mampu menghasilkan biofilm menggunakan metode TCP dan CRA. Hasil uji diagnostik metode CRA dibandingkan dengan metode TCP untuk deteksi pembentukan biofilm, didapatkan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas dari CRA sebesar 75% dan 40%. CRA merupakan metode yang cepat dan mudah untuk dilakukan, namun memiliki spesifitas yang kurang baik. Hal ini dapat disebabkan pembacaan hasil yang bersifat subjektif dan menimbulkan kesalahan paralaks. Kata kunci : Enterococcus faecalis, Kateter Urin, Biofilm.

scholarly journals 3D Culture of MSCs on a Gelatin Microsphere in a Dynamic Culture System Enhances Chondrogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2688
Author(s):  
Shamsul Sulaiman ◽  
Shiplu Roy Chowdhury ◽  
Mh Busra Fauzi ◽  
Rizal Abdul Rani ◽  
Nor Hamdan Mohamad Yahaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Chondrogenic Differentiation ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Mechanical Agitation ◽  
Dynamic Culture ◽  
Culture Plate ◽  
Gelatin Microsphere ◽  
Tissue Culture Plate

Recent advancement in cartilage tissue engineering has explored the potential of 3D culture to mimic the in vivo environment of human cartilaginous tissue. Three-dimensional culture using microspheres was described to play a role in driving the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to chondrocyte lineage. However, factors such as mechanical agitation on cell chondrogenesis during culture on the microspheres has yet to be elucidated. In this study, we compared the 2D and 3D culture of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on gelatin microspheres (GMs) in terms of MSC stemness properties, immune-phenotype, multilineage differentiation properties, and proliferation rate. Then, to study the effect of mechanical agitation on chondrogenic differentiation in 3D culture, we cultured BMSCs on GM (BMSCs-GM) in either static or dynamic bioreactor system with two different mediums, i.e., F12: DMEM (1:1) + 10% FBS (FD) and chondrogenic induction medium (CIM). Our results show that BMSCs attached to the GM surface and remained viable in 3D culture. BMSCs-GM proliferated faster and displayed higher stemness properties than BMSCs on a tissue culture plate (BMSCs-TCP). GMs also enhanced the efficiency of in-vitro chondrogenesis of BMSCs, especially in a dynamic culture with higher cell proliferation, RNA expression, and protein expression compared to that in a static culture. To conclude, our results indicate that the 3D culture of BMSCs on gelatin microsphere was superior to 2D culture on a standard tissue culture plate. Furthermore, culturing BMSCs on GM in dynamic culture conditions enhanced their chondrogenic differentiation.

scholarly journals Biofilm-Formation in Clonally Unrelated Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisha M. Alamri ◽  
Afnan A. Alsultan ◽  
Mohammad A. Ansari ◽  
Amani M. Alnimr
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Culture Plate ◽  
Tissue Culture Plate

This study analyzed the genotype, antibiotic resistance, and biofilm formation of Acinetobacter baumannii strains and assessed the correlation between biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, and biofilm-related risk factors. A total of 207 non-replicate multi-drug-resistant A. baumannii strains were prospectively isolated. Phenotypic identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were carried out. Isolate biofilm formation ability was evaluated using the tissue culture plate (TCP), Congo red agar, and tube methods. Clonal relatedness between the strains was assessed by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR genotyping. Of the 207 isolates, 52.5% originated from an intensive care unit setting, and pan resistance was observed against ceftazidime and cefepime, with elevated resistance (99–94%) to piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. alongside high susceptibility to tigecycline (97.8%). The Tissue culture plate, Tube method, and Congo red agar methods revealed that 53.6%, 20.8%, and 2.7% of the strains were strong biofilm producers, respectively, while a significant correlation was observed between biofilm formation and device-originating respiratory isolates (p = 0.0009) and between biofilm formation in colonized vs. true infection isolates (p = 0.0001). No correlation was detected between antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation capacity, and the majority of isolates were clonally unrelated. These findings highlight the urgent need for implementing strict infection control measures in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of biofilm producing clinical coagulase negative staphylococci from Nepal and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarita Manandhar ◽  
Anjana Singh ◽  
Ajit Varma ◽  
Shanti Pandey ◽  
Neeraj Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Culture Plate ◽  
Tissue Culture Plate

Abstract Background Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) survive as commensals of skin, anterior nares and external canals of human and were regarded as non-infectious pathogens. However, they are emerging as a major cause of nosocomial infectious due to their ability to form biofilms and high resistance to several classes of antibiotics. This study examines the biofilm forming abilities of 214 clinical CNS isolates using phenotypic and genotypic methods, and determines their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Methods A total of 214 clinical isolates collected from different clinical samples were identified as CNS and their antibiotic susceptibility determined by CLSI guidelines. The biofilm forming ability of all isolates was determined by three phenotypic methods; Congo red agar (CRA) method, tube adherence method (TM) and tissue culture plate (TCP) method and by genotypic method for the detection of icaAD genes. Results Among all the isolates, S. epidermidis (57.5%) was found the most frequently, followed by S. saprophyticus (18.7%), S. haemolyticus (11.2%), S. hominis (7%), and S. capitis (5.6%). Antibiotic susceptibility pattern demonstrated 91.6% isolates were resistant to penicillin and 66.8% to cefoxitin while 91.1% isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol. Constitutive and inducible clindamycin resistant phenotype as measured by D-test was seen among 28% and 14.5% of isolates respectively. Tissue culture plate method detected biofilm production in 42.1% isolate followed by 31.8% through tube method while 20.1% isolates were found to produce slime in Congo red agar method. The genotypic assay revealed presence of icaA and icaD genes in 19.2% isolates. Conclusion The study shows a high prevalence of biofilm formation and inducible clindamycin resistance in CNS isolates, indicating the importance of in-vitro biofilm production test and D-test in routine laboratory diagnostics. Implementation of efficient diagnostic techniques for detection of biofilm production in clinical samples can help manage staphylococcal infections and minimize risks of treatment failures in hospitals.

scholarly journals Detection of Biofilm Producing Staphylococci among Different Clinical Isolates and Its Relation to Methicillin Susceptibility

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1335-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania M. Abdel Halim ◽  
Nevine N. Kassem ◽  
Basma S. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Culture Plate ◽  
Tissue Culture Plate ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
Phenotypic Methods

AIMS: To evaluate three in vitro phenotypic methods; tissue culture plate, tube method, and Congo red agar for detection of biofilm formation in staphylococci and assess the relation of biofilm formation with methicillin resistance and anti-microbial resistance. METHODS: The study included 150 staphylococcal isolates. Biofilm detection in staphylococci was performed using tissue culture plate, tube method, and Congo red agar. RESULTS: Tissue culture plate, tube method, and Congo red agar detected 74%, 42.7%, and 1.3% biofilm producing staphylococci respectively. S. aureus isolates were more common biofilm producers (53.2%) than CONS (46.8%). Biofilm production in CONS species was highest in S. hemolyticus (57.7%). Tube method was 51.4% sensitive, 82.1% specific. As for Congo red agar, sensitivity was very low (0.9%), but specificity was 97.4%. Biofilm producers were mostly; isolated from blood specimens (82.6%) and detected in methicillin-resistant strains 96/111 (86.5%). They were resistant to most antibiotics except vancomycin and linezolid. CONCLUSIONS: Tissue culture plate is a more quantitative and reliable method for detection of biofilm producing staphylococci compared to tube method and Congo red agar. Hence, it can still be used as a screening method for biofilm detection. Vancomycin and Linezolid are the most sensitive antibiotics among biofilm producing staphylococci.

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