RAPID DETECTION OF SALMONELLAE IN FOODS BY MEMBRANE FILTER-DISC IMMUNOIMMOBILIZATION TECHNIQUE

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1444-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. SWAMINATHAN ◽  
J. M. DENNER ◽  
J. C. AYRES
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Filter Disc

scholarly journals Field Evaluation of the Membrane Filter-Disc Immunoimmobilization Technique in the Detection of Salmonellae in Egg Products

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 2265-2269 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.N. LaROCHE ◽  
V. DESAI ◽  
BARBARA FRIEDMAN ◽  
B. SWAMINATHAN
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Filter Disc ◽  
Egg Products

Rapid Detection of Salmonella in Foods Using EF-18 Agar in Conjunction with the Hydrophobic Grid Membrane Filter

1991 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 930-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHYLLIS ENTIS ◽  
PETER BOLESZCZUK
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Cultural Method ◽  
Negative Rate ◽  
Agar Method

A new selective and differential culture medium for Salmonella, EF-18 agar, was developed for use with the hydrophobic grid membrane filter (HGMF). The new medium was designed to be both more highly selective and more specific in its differential reactions than its predecessor, selective lysine agar. The HGMF/EF-18 agar method was evaluated against the conventional cultural method (AOAC/BAM) using a total of 954 samples comprising 25 product categories. The HGMF/EF-18 method detected 653 Salmonella-positive samples and the AOAC/BAM method detected 654. The HGMF/EF-18 method with an overall false-negative rate of 2% was determined to be equivalent in sensitivity to the AOAC/BAM procedure. The presumptive false-positive rates were 0.3% for HGMF/EF-18 and 7.9% for AOAC/BAM.

Contaminants in Used Oils and Their Problems

2006 ◽  
Vol 220 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oil Contamination ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Contamination Control ◽  
Lubricating Oils ◽  
Particle Count ◽  
Filter Disc ◽  
Particulate Contaminants

Contaminants in hydraulic and lubricating oils are harmful to lubrication. Therefore, contamination control of hydraulic and lubricating oils has been implemented in many factories and oil cleanliness standards of hydraulic and lubricating oils have been established as criteria for oil contamination control. There are two types of oil cleanliness standards: one is based on particle count and the other on gravimetric analysis. NAS 1638, ISO 4406, SAE AS4059, and JISB9930 belong to the former and ASTM D4898 and JISB9931 to the latter. The par tide count defines oil cleanliness by counting the number of particulate contaminants in the certain size ranges, and the gravimetric analysis shows the weight of contaminants remaining, on a membrane filter disc after a certain quantity of oil was filtered under vacuum, the oil was washed out, and the membrane filter disc was completely dried. Recently, there is a ten dency that particle count dominates the technology to judge oil cleanliness. Of course, it is important to quantify the number of particulate contaminants in oils. However, all particles are not contaminants, as particles like graphite and MoS2, which are countable by particle count, are good additives for lubricants. Therefore, it is very important for us not only to judge oil cleanliness by the particle count but also to know without prejudice what they are. This article discusses some methods to separate contaminants, what contaminants are, and how much they are.

scholarly journals Rapid Detection of Single Cell Bacteria as a Novel Approach in Food Microbiology

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 979-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva D′Haese ◽  
Hans J Nelis
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Food Microbiology ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Slow Growing

Abstract Solid-phase cytometry (SPC) is a novel technique that allows rapid detection of bacteria at the single cell level, without the need for a growth phase. After filtration of the sample, the retained microorganisms are fluorescently labeled on the membrane filter and automatically counted by a laser scanning device. Each fluorescent spot can be visually inspected with an epifluorescence microscope connected to the ChemScan by a computer-driven moving stage. Depending on the fluorogenic labels used, information on the identity and the physiological status of the microorganisms can be obtained within a few hours. Although SPC was originally recommended for the determination of the total viable microbial count in water and other liquid samples, it may also be a promising technique for the detection and enumeration of bacteria in food samples, provided they can be isolated from the unfilterable matrix. The short detection time inherent in this approach is a considerable advantage over conventional plate counting, especially for slow-growing microorganisms. The basic principles of SPC are discussed as well as its potential for the detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, a model example of a slow-growing bacterium in milk.

Search mode for rapid detection of virus particles

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 286-287
Author(s):  
O. E. Bradfute
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Plant Virus ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Search Mode ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Focus Image ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Rapid Switching

Electron microscopy is frequently used in preliminary diagnosis of plant virus diseases by surveying negatively stained preparations of crude extracts of leaf samples. A major limitation of this method is the time required to survey grids when the concentration of virus particles (VPs) is low. A rapid survey of grids for VPs is reported here; the method employs a low magnification, out-of-focus Search Mode similar to that used for low dose electron microscopy of radiation sensitive specimens. A higher magnification, in-focus Confirm Mode is used to photograph or confirm the detection of VPs. Setting up the Search Mode by obtaining an out-of-focus image of the specimen in diffraction (K. H. Downing and W. Chiu, private communications) and pre-aligning the image in Search Mode with the image in Confirm Mode facilitates rapid switching between Modes.

Identification of hepatitis a virus in cell cultures by solid phase immune electron microscopy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 238-239
Author(s):  
C.D. Humphrey ◽  
T.L. Cromeans ◽  
E.H. Cook ◽  
D.W. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Immune Electron Microscopy ◽  
Detection And Identification

There is a variety of methods available for the rapid detection and identification of viruses by electron microscopy as described in several reviews. The predominant techniques are classified as direct electron microscopy (DEM), immune electron microscopy (IEM), liquid phase immune electron microscopy (LPIEM) and solid phase immune electron microscopy (SPIEM). Each technique has inherent strengths and weaknesses. However, in recent years, the most progress for identifying viruses has been realized by the utilization of SPIEM.

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