Book Reviews: The Readable Maths and Statistics Book, An Introduction too Data Analysis, the Sociology of Youth Culture and Youth Subcultures, Law and Society: Readings in the Sociology of Law, the State, the Family and Education, the Sociology of Women: An Introduction, Attitudes to Class in the English Novel, from Walter Scott to David Storey, Classifications in Their Social Context, Symbolic Classification, Sociology: Its Nature, Scope and Elements, Sociology: The Study of Social Systems, the Making of Post-Christian Britain: A History of the Secularization of Modern Society, the Literacy Myth. Literacy and Social Structure in the Nineteenth-Century City, Gender and Class Consciousness, Historical Research on Social Mobility: Western Europe and the USA in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, the Village and the State: Administration, Ethnicity and Politics in an Israeli Co-Operative Village, the Breaking of the Image, a Christian Social Perspective, Theories of Trade Unionism, a Sociology of Industrial Relations, the Ceremonial Order of the Clinic. Parents, Doctors and Medical Bureaucracies, the Social Production of Art, Culture

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-802
Author(s):  
John Whittaker ◽  
David M. Smith ◽  
Geoff Mungham ◽  
Jennifer Somerville ◽  
Nickie Charles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
English Novel ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Youth Subcultures ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Ethnicity And Politics

Book Reviews

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-131
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
London School ◽  
University Of Minnesota ◽  
Senior Lecturer ◽  
Birkbeck College ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
London School Of Economics

John W. Budd of the Center for Human Resources and Labor Studies, University of Minnesota reviews “Trade Unions in Western Europe: Hard Times, Hard Choices”, by Rebecca Gumbrell-McCormick and Richard Hyman. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Explores the challenges facing trade unions and their responses in ten west European countries—Britain, Ireland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Austria, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, and Italy. Discusses varieties of industrial relations and trade unionism; challenges and responses; renewing power resources—recruitment, representation, and mobilization; restructuring trade unionism—mergers and organizational redesign; bargaining in adversity—decentralization, social partnership, and the crisis; unions and politics—parties, alliances, and the battle of ideas; beyond national boundaries—unions, Europe, and the world; and reconciling strategy and democracy. Gumbrell-McCormick is Senior Lecturer in Management at Birkbeck College, University of London. Hyman is Emeritus Professor of Industrial Relations at the London School of Economics and Political Science.”

Religious Freedom: Transition and Globalisation

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (36) ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
Mark Hill
Keyword(s):  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
State Committee ◽  
The State ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Entire Nation ◽  
Former Ussr

In the year 988 Prince Vladimir dramatically baptised his entire nation in the Dnepr River, thereby establishing a new state religion in what is now Ukraine. Fittingly, Kiev (or Kyiv to adopt the Ukrainian spelling) played host in May to a conference on ‘Religious Freedom: Transition and Globalisation’. Convened by the State Committee for Religious Affairs, the conference brought together academics from Western Europe and the USA with civil servants from the emergent democracies of the former USSR.

Ending Grand Alliance Politics in Western Europe: US Anti-communism in France and Italy, 1944–7

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Brogi
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The State ◽  
Alliance Politics ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Grand Alliance ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Transitional Phase

The postwar ascendancy of the French and Italian Communist Parties (PCF and PCI) as the strongest ones in the emerging Western alliance was an unexpected challenge for the USA. The US response during this time period (1944–7) was tentative, and relatively moderate, reflecting the still transitional phase from wartime Grand Alliance politics to Cold War. US anti-communism in Western Europe remained guarded for diplomatic and political reasons, but it never mirrored the ambivalence of anti-Americanism among French and especially Italian Communist leaders and intellectuals. US prejudicial opposition to a share of communist power in the French and Italian provisional governments was consistently strong. A relatively decentralized approach by the State Department, however, gave considerable discretion to moderate, circumspect US officials on the ground in France and Italy. The subsequent US turn toward an absolute struggle with Western European communism was only in small part a reaction to direct provocations from Moscow, or the PCI and PCF. The two parties and their powerful propaganda appeared likely to undermine Western cohesion; this was the first depiction, by the USA and its political allies in Europe, of possible domino effects in the Cold War.

scholarly journals Trends in the development of social risks in modern society: the state-management aspect

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
O. V. Yevtukhov
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
State Management ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Increased Risk

The purpose of the article is to generalize the trends in the development of social risks in modern society and to identify the features of public administration in minimizing their negative consequences. It is established that changing social positions and public consciousness in conditions of openness of social systems creates new risks, and the analysis of their influence on social behavior becomes one of the most relevant areas in public-management science. The need to study this problem is also conditioned by the need to find ways to minimize risks and influence them in favorable directions for social development. This problem in the conditions of the Ukrainian society, being in the conditions of increased risk, acquires a special urgency. It is substantiated that with the development of scientific knowledge of risks, the latter are increasingly being considered as a systemic object of study. With this approach, given the relevance of this topic, the state-managerial aspect of risk is put on the forefront as the basis for its perception, formation and reproduction. It is proved that risk is an integral component of the knowledge society, its reverse side. If we consider knowledge as a prerequisite for social action and proceed from its relative completeness, then the risk assuming the necessity of making a choice in the conditions of incomplete information becomes its logical consequence and integral characteristic. It is determined that in order to overcome the contradictions in the formation and development of social risks in modern society, it is necessary to expand research capabilities and knowledge itself, primarily in the direction of scientific justification of the state influence on prevention of social risks or minimization of their negative consequences. It is found out that modern social risks have the ability to transform into other types of uncertainties, therefore the knowledge society is able not only to accumulate risks, but to cause really explosive situations. It is proved that risk, like any phenomenon, can be considered as a process that takes place in time, but the dynamics of risk is extremely complex, and the identification of the stages of its development is relatively arbitrary. It is substantiated that the most important from the point of view of public management is the stage of potential risk, as consideration of its content creates the basis for a more integrated and focused approach to minimizing the possibility of a social crisis, reducing its dangerous consequences, preventing state management loss, and systemic collapse. The main feature of this stage is social tension, which requires effective measures on the part of the state. Thus, the modernization of society is steadily leading to an increase in the number of its constituent elements, an ever increasing variety of their interrelationships. As a result, the qualitative and quantitative nature of the consequences of this process changes: the probability of the emergence of new forms of social contradictions increases, and the scale of potential social cataclysms grows. This situation requires drastic changes in the system of public administration with regard to the formation of appropriate mechanisms to prevent and minimize the consequences of new types of social risks.

The Rise and Rise of Market Relations in the British Public Sector: Implications for Industrial Relations

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Carter ◽  
Steven Davies ◽  
Peter Fairbrother
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Changing Patterns

Having outlined a traditional model of British public sector industrial relations, this article focuses on developments from the 1980s to 2001. It argues that there has been a reorganisation of the state through privatisation and an historical shift in employment relations, from the state as a ‘model’, administrative employer to an increasingly managerial employer. In effect, a depoliticisation of employment relations has taken place, with the withdrawal of central government from direct control over operational and organisational activity in the public services. As part of these processes, the public services in Britain have been marketised, with the creation of a public service sector, no longer defined by ownership but by the service provided. These developments are reflected in the changing patterns of industrial relations activity in the public services, with profound implications for trade unionism.

Rewriting the Narrative

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-77
Author(s):  
Nicolas G. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Native American ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Mixed Media ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Art Scene ◽  
The 1960S

A vibrant American Indian art scene developed in California from the 1960s to the 1980s, with links to a broader indigenous arts movement. Native American artists working in the state produced and exhibited paintings, prints, sculptures, mixed media, and other art forms that validated and documented their cultures, interpreted their history, asserted their survival, and explored their experiences in modern society. Building on recent scholarship that examines American Indian migration, urbanization, and activism in the twentieth century, this article charts these developments and argues that American Indian artists in California challenged and rewrote dominant historical narratives by foregrounding Native American perspectives in their work.

Collective Memory: Between Values and Historical Knowledge

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-142
Author(s):  
VICTOR BURLACHUK
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future

At the end of the twentieth century, questions of a secondary nature suddenly became topical: what do we remember and who owns the memory? Memory as one of the mental characteristics of an individual’s activity is complemented by the concept of collective memory, which requires a different method of analysis than the activity of a separate individual. In the 1970s, a situation arose that gave rise to the so-called "historical politics" or "memory politics." If philosophical studies of memory problems of the 30’s and 40’s of the twentieth century were focused mainly on the peculiarities of perception of the past in the individual and collective consciousness and did not go beyond scientific discussions, then half a century later the situation has changed dramatically. The problem of memory has found its political sound: historians and sociologists, politicians and representatives of the media have entered the discourse on memory. Modern society, including all social, ethnic and family groups, has undergone a profound change in the traditional attitude towards the past, which has been associated with changes in the structure of government. In connection with the discrediting of the Soviet Union, the rapid decline of the Communist Party and its ideology, there was a collapse of Marxism, which provided for a certain model of time and history. The end of the revolutionary idea, a powerful vector that indicated the direction of historical time into the future, inevitably led to a rapid change in perception of the past. Three models of the future, which, according to Pierre Nora, defined the face of the past (the future as a restoration of the past, the future as progress and the future as a revolution) that existed until recently, have now lost their relevance. Today, absolute uncertainty hangs over the future. The inability to predict the future poses certain challenges to the present. The end of any teleology of history imposes on the present a debt of memory. Features of the life of memory, the specifics of its state and functioning directly affect the state of identity, both personal and collective. Distortion of memory, its incorrect work, and its ideological manipulation can give rise to an identity crisis. The memorial phenomenon is a certain political resource in a situation of severe socio-political breaks and changes. In the conditions of the economic crisis and in the absence of a real and clear program for future development, the state often seeks to turn memory into the main element of national consolidation.

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