Community Participation, the Environment, and Democracy: Brazil in Comparative Perspective

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (04) ◽  
pp. 59-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Elizabeth Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Community Mobilization ◽  
Social Mobilization ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor

Abstract Grassroots environmental activism among Latin America's poor has altered the debate over environmental policy, social welfare, and citizenship. Yet the question remains whether this social mobilization of the poor is part of a larger trend toward broader environmental concerns and democratic political participation, or a shortlived movement susceptible to the same pressures that have dissolved community mobilization in the past. This article compares Brazil with other Latin American and European countries in surveys of environmental awareness, concerns, and reported behavior. It finds that Brazilians residing in the urban periphery link their own local environmental concerns to more global considerations, and that concern for and activism on environmental issues is positively related to wider community involvement.

scholarly journals Environmental issues, interdisciplinarity, social theory and intellectual production in Latin America

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila da Costa Ferreira ◽  
Sônia Regina Cal Seixas Barbosa ◽  
João Luiz de Moraes Hoefel ◽  
Roberto Guimarães ◽  
Dimas Floriani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Research Centers ◽  
Thematic Map ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
American Academia ◽  
Intellectual Production

While dealing with both interdisciplinarity and environment and society area as fields that harbor scientific contentions regarding ideas, practices, institutions and habitus (Bourdieu), this paper aims at providing an account of the multifaceted processes implied in the institutionalization of environmental concerns in Latin-American academia and research centers. The paper discusses the extent to which one can legitimately talk about "a Latin- American scientific specificity", supposedly resulting from peculiar theoretical approaches or even from particular socio-environmental features (such as widespread poverty and high rates of social inequality, along with unparalleled levels of biodiversity). Last but not least, the paper seeks to draw a sort of thematic map (via bibliographical review) as well as a consideration of the levels of scientific institutionalization of environmental issues in six different research centers located in Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Uruguay and Brazil.

scholarly journals DAMPAK PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT MENJAGA LINGKUNGAN DI PUSAT KOTA GARUT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Ikeu Kania
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Essential Point ◽  
Qualitative Technique ◽  
The Government ◽  
Business District

However, the IKLH's most dominant environmental concerns are to water quality degradation and plant cover. This research is centered on the environmental difficulties in Garut Regency, namely in Garut Kota's core, not only the rubbish that was spread after CFD activities ceased. For environmental issues to be handled, the government needs the public's help. In this study, Huraerah's notion of community involvement is applied. Description and qualitative technique are utilized in the study. As a consequence of this study, community engagement in Garut Kota's central business district is still very much needed but the most essential point is that community engagement in environmental protection is not only about how many people participate, but about protecting the environment itself.

The Hidden Logic of “Irrational” Economic Policies in Ecuador

1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco E. Thoumi
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
State Enterprises ◽  
Latin American And Caribbean

Mainstream economists blame the poor 1980s economic performance of most Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries on the poor economic policies followed by the region for the past several decades and recommend drastic policy changes including (a) elimination of many subsidies, (b) lowering tariffs and other obstacles to international trade, (c) privatization of many state enterprises, (d) liberalization of capital markets and interest rates, and so on — a policy package designed to lower greatly the government's intervention in the economy. This policy advice has been inspired, at least in part, by the generally accepted failure of the LAC governments to promote stable and fair growth through intervention.However, in spite of pressures by multilateral and bilateral agencies, most governments find it very difficult to implement these policies, even when policymakers and their advisers fully understand the logic behind the policy recommendations and agree with them.

scholarly journals Francis’ Idea of the Church: Outline of an Ecclesiology

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-107
Author(s):  
Mark Joseph Zammit
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Church Of Christ ◽  
People Of God ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The People ◽  
Constant State ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Ideal

In the past eight years, since the election of Francis as the first Latin American pontiff in history, the Church has experienced new manners of being and acting. Even though she has also been in a constant state of aggiornamento, Francis’ vision has contributed greatly to this concept of being a perfect image of the ideal Church of Christ (cf. Ecclesiam Suam 10) and a better servant of humanity. The objective of this study is to present an outline of Francis’ main ecclesiological concepts, in the awareness that this endeavour can never be completely exhaustive. For this reason, the article is divided into two main sections. In this first one, the bedrocks of his ecclesiological thoughts are studied. These include his Jesuit vocation, the CELAM conferences and vision, and the Argentine theology of the people. In the second section, his main ecclesiological themes are analysed: the people of God, a poor Church for the poor, ecumenism, reform, and an ecological Church.

Environmental Policy and International Business

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan M. Rugman ◽  
Alain Verbeke
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
International Business ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Corporate Strategy ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Business Research ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Business Research ◽  
Policy Agendas

This article analyses the interactions between environmental policy and international business. More specifically, a conceptual framework is developed which allows us to classify the various types of environmental regulations facing firms engaged in international business. In addition, an analysis is performed of the different environmental strategies that can be pursued by multinational enterprises (MNEs). During the past few decades, environmental issues have increasingly come to the forefront, both on public policy agendas and in corporate boardrooms. Specialized academic journals have been introduced that focus exclusively on environmental issues. Moreover, many of the mainstream economics and management journals now regularly publish articles dealing with the environmental policy–corporate strategy interface. However, only a few publications have, so far, included conceptual insights specifically useful to international business. In contrast, this article focuses specifically on international business research issues.

scholarly journals THE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT 1974: A SIGNIFICANT LEGAL INSTRUMENT FOR IMPLEMENTING ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY DIRECTIVES OF MALAYSIA

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maizatun Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Policy Objectives

In Malaysia, the Environmental Quality Act 1974 is considered to be the most comprehensive piece of legislation promulgated to deal with environmental protection and pollution control. The Act also forms the basic instrument for achieving environmental policy objectives. As a developing country that strives for economic growth, Malaysia’s rapid development activities especially since the early 1980s have unveiled new dimensions to environmental concerns. Since its introduction more than 30 years ago, the scope and strategies of this Act have been constantly amended, altered or improved in the pursuit of environmental policy objectives. Thus, in the context of environmental protection, the Environmental Quality Act 1974 needs to be pro-active and flexible enough to accommodate new measures for facing challenging environmental problems. These changes provide an indication of the increasing complexities of environmental issues facing Malaysia. This paper examines the development of environmental strategies that has taken place within the framework of the Act, based on Malaysia’s environmental policy directives particularly on sustainable development.

Green Latin America? Some Reflections on Environmental Issues in Latin America’s New Instruments of Investment Protection

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-613
Author(s):  
Arnaud de Nanteuil
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Public ◽  
Investment Protection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Investment Facilitation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
New Instruments

Latin American countries have adopted in the past few years new mechanisms and rules for investment facilitation and protection. They aim to offer protection to foreign investments without ignoring the need to protect the States’ ability to regulate for the promotion of the public good. This article explores the question of environmental protection and tries to determine whether it has been taken into account. Even if not visible at first sight, the protection of the environment is indeed present in those new investment protection instruments. This article posits that, by starting from a completely different point of view than that of traditional investment protection instruments, Latin American countries’ initiatives introduce the environment as a parameter to be taken into account in the relationship between States and investors. Even if it is too early to assess their true effectiveness, one can at least be hopeful from that perspective.

Conceptual Innovation and Environmental Policy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Meadowcroft ◽  
Daniel J. Fiorino
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Conceptual Change ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Conceptual Innovation ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
Structure Discussion ◽  
Past Half

This chapter present a general introduction to the issue of conceptual innovation in environmental policy. It argues that attention to concepts is important for understanding argument and practice in the environmental domain. Over the past half century there has been more or less continuous development in the thought categories used to structure discussion of environmental issues. The chapter offers a basic framework for understanding conceptual change in the environmental sphere and presents the outline of the chapters to follow.

High-Resolution, Low-Voltage SEM of Cell Wall Regeneration of Yeast Shizosaccharomyces Pombe Protoplasts

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 208-211
Author(s):  
M. Osumi ◽  
N. Yamada ◽  
T. Nagatani
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Cell Wall Regeneration ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Probe Size ◽  
Beam Damage ◽  
Biological Field ◽  
Scanning Electron

Even though many early workers had suggested the use of lower voltages to increase topographic contrast and to reduce specimen charging and beam damage, we did not usually operate in the conventional scanning electron microscope at low voltage because of the poor resolution, especially of bioligical specimens. However, the development of the “in-lens” field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) has led to marked inprovement in resolution, especially in the range of 1-5 kV, within the past year. The probe size has been cumulated to be 0.7nm in diameter at 30kV and about 3nm at 1kV. We have been trying to develop techniques to use this in-lens FESEM at low voltage (LVSEM) for direct observation of totally uncoated biological specimens and have developed the LVSEM method for the biological field.

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