Evaluation of the relationship between smoking during pregnancy and subgingival microbiota

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurcan Buduneli ◽  
Haluk Baylas ◽  
Eralp Buduneli ◽  
Oya Turkoglu ◽  
Gunnar Dahlen
Keyword(s):  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Subgingival Microbiota

Intellectual Impairment in Children of Women Who Smoke Cigarettes During Pregnancy

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Olds ◽  
Charles R. Henderson ◽  
Robert Tatelbaum
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Upstate New York ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Impairment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Additional Reason

Objective. To examine the relationship between maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and children's intellectual functioning during the first 4 years of life. Design. Prospective follow-up of participants in a randomized trial of pregnancy and infancy nurse home visitation. Setting. Semirural community in Upstate New York. Participants. 400 families in which the mothers registered before the 30th week of pregnancy and had no previous live births. Eighty-five percent of the mothers were either teenagers (<19 years at registration), unmarried, or poor. Analysis limited to whites who comprised 89% of the sample. Main results. Children in the comparison group whose mothers smoked 10 or more cigarettes per day during pregnancy had Stanford-Binet scores at 3 and 4 years of age that were 4.35 (95% CI: 0.02, 8.68) points lower (after controlling for a wide range of variables) than their counterparts whose mothers did not smoke during pregnancy. Conclusions. The results of this study add to the increasingly consistent evidence that maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy poses a unique risk for neurodevelopmental impairment among children and provide an additional reason for pregnant women not to smoke cigarettes.

Socioeconomic Status and Orofacial Clefts in Scotland, 1989 to 1998

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Clark ◽  
P. A. Mossey ◽  
L. Sharp ◽  
J. Little
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Orofacial Clefts ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Deprived Areas

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between socioeconomic status and orofacial clefts (OFC) in Scotland. Design Study of prevalence at birth over a 10-year period using an area-based measure of material deprivation. Setting Population-based study throughout Scotland. Participants Eight hundred thirty-four live births with OFC born between January 1, 1989, and December 31, 1998, ascertained from the nationwide register of the Cleft Service in Scotland, compared with the total 603,825 live births in Scotland in this period. Results There was a strong positive relationship whereby the prevalence of OFC at birth increased with increasing deprivation. This trend was statistically significant for cleft lip and/or palate (CL[P]: p = .016) but not for cleft palate (CP; p = .078). For each type of cleft, the relative risk among those resident in the most deprived areas, compared with those resident in the least deprived areas, was 2.33. Conclusions The association between OFC and socioeconomic status is consistent with a report for an earlier period in a smaller part of Scotland. Unlike the earlier study, this pattern appears to be stronger for CL(P) than for CP. These observations do not appear to be an artifact of recording. It is possible that they reflect the association between deprivation and risk factors for OFC, most likely tobacco smoking during pregnancy. Because the relationship between OFC and socioeconomic status appears to have been virtually unstudied in other populations, it would be valuable to investigate this relationship elsewhere and determine whether known risk factors account for the relationship.

The Relationship Between Asthma and Smoking During Pregnancy

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Kurinczuk ◽  
Deborah E. Parsons ◽  
Vivienne Dawes ◽  
Paul R. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
The Relationship

Smoking during Pregnancy and Plasma Concentrations of beta-Carotene and alpha-Tocopherol in the Immediate Postpartum Period in Brazilian Women

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silmara ◽  
Rondó ◽  
Bergamaschi ◽  
Mastroeni
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Lipid Ratio ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the relationship between plasma concentrations of beta-carotene and the alpha-tocopherol/lipid ratio, and smoking in 233 postpartum women, from July to November 2002, in the city of Joinville, Brazil. Thirty-seven percent (37%) of the women included in this study had low concentrations of alpha-tocopherol (< 11.63 mumol/L) and 61% of the women presented low concentrations of beta-carotene (< 0.39 mumol/L). Multivariate regression analysis investigated the relationship between smoking and the concentration of the vitamins, adjusting by confounding variables. The final regression model showed inverse associations between beta-carotene concentrations and smoking (p = 0.036), and beta-carotene concentrations and triglyceride levels (p = 0.021). There was an association between the plasma alpha-tocopherol/lipid ratio and per capita income (p = 0.003), but no association with smoking. We advise further studies to evaluate the impact of smoking and oxidative stress on the concentrations of these vitamins.

The Relationship Between Idiopathic Mental Retardation and Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-553
Author(s):  
Carolyn D. Drews ◽  
Catherine C. Murphy ◽  
Marshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp ◽  
Pierre Decouflé
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Idiopathic Mental Retardation

Objectives. Smoking has been linked to small cognitive, achievement, and behavioral deficits but has not been associated with more severe cognitive impairments. This investigation evaluated the relationship between maternal smoking during pregnancy and idiopathic mental retardation (MR). Methods. Data on maternal smoking during pregnancy were obtained during face-to-face interviews with the mothers of 221 children with idiopathic MR and the mothers of 400 children attending public school. All children had been born in the five-county metropolitan Atlanta area in 1975 or 1976 and were living in the area when they were 10 years of age. We used exposure odds ratios (ORs) to assess the relationship between maternal smoking and MR, controlling for sex, maternal age at delivery, race, maternal education, economic status, parity, and alcohol use. Results. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with slightly more than a 50% increase in the prevalence of idiopathic MR (adjusted OR, 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-2.4), and children whose mothers smoked at least one pack a day during pregnancy had more than a 75% increase in the occurrence of idiopathic MR (OR, 1.9;95% confidence interval, 1.0-3.4). This increase was neither accounted for by other sociodemographic risk factors for MR nor explained by an increase in the prevalence of low birth weight among the children of smokers. Conclusions. Our data suggest that maternal smoking may be a preventable cause of mental retardation.

The Relationship Between Maternal Passive Smoking During Pregnancy and Preterm Delivery

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Sadat ◽  
Fatemeh Bazarganipour ◽  
Zahra Sehat ◽  
Masoumeh Abedzadeh-Kalarhoudi ◽  
Farzaneh Saberi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Maternal smoking during pregnancy and asthma during the first year of life: a comparative study between smokers and non-smoker mothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Cristina Rivas Juesas ◽  
Lucia Fernández Monge ◽  
Ana Delgado Vicente ◽  
Ana Ledo García ◽  
Maribel Giner Crespo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
First Year ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Smoking In Pregnancy ◽  
Smoking Group ◽  
One Year ◽  
Care Problems ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: We investigated the relationship between maternal smoking in pregnancy and health care problems in the offspring during the first year of life, particularly asthma.Material and Methods: A cohort of 648 consecutive infants born at term and alive at Hospitalde Sagunto (Valencia, Spain) over one year period was followed for 12 months. Clinical data of the infants were prospectively collected from the database of ambulatory medical records (ABUCASIS) of the Valencia health system.Results: Smoking during pregnancy was recorded in 164 (25.3%) mothers. During the first year of life, asthma was diagnosed in 101 infants, with an incidence of 15.7%. The diagnoses of asthma (25.6% vs. 12.3%; P < 0.0001) and bronchiolitis (44.5% vs. 28.6%; P = 0.0002) during the first year of life were more common among infants in the smoking group. The probability of developing asthma during the first year of life was two-fold higher for the male gender and 2.5 times higher when mothers smoked while pregnant. Up to 52% of asthma cases could have been avoided in infants born to smoking mothers if they did not smoke during pregnancy. Infants in the smoking group showed a lower weight and length at birth than infants in the nonsmoking group differences almost disappeared at 6 months and 12 months.Conclusion: Asthma during the first year of life showed a clear relationship with maternal smoking in pregnancy. Pregnant women should be advised of the significant perinatal risk for respiratory diseases associated with tobacco use.

scholarly journals Disentangling the relationships between maternal smoking during pregnancy and co-occurring risk factors

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1547-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Ellingson ◽  
M. E. Rickert ◽  
P. Lichtenstein ◽  
N. Långström ◽  
B. M. D'Onofrio
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Familial Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Drug Problems ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundMaternal smoking during pregnancy (SDP) has been studied extensively as a risk factor for adverse offspring outcomes and is known to co-occur with other familial risk factors. Accounting for general familial risk factors has attenuated associations between SDP and adverse offspring outcomes, and identifying these confounds will be crucial to elucidating the relationship between SDP and its psychological correlates.MethodThe current study aimed to disentangle the relationship between maternal SDP and co-occurring risk factors (maternal criminal activity, drug problems, teen pregnancy, educational attainment, and cohabitation at childbirth) using a population-based sample of full- (n=206 313) and half-sister pairs (n=19 363) from Sweden. Logistic regression models estimated the strength of association between SDP and co-occurring risk factors. Bivariate behavioral genetic models estimated the degree to which associations between SDP and co-occurring risk factors are attributable to genetic and environmental factors.ResultsMaternal SDP was associated with an increase in all co-occurring risk factors. Of the variance associated with SDP, 45% was attributed to genetic factors and 53% was attributed to unshared environmental factors. In bivariate models, genetic factors accounted for 21% (non-drug-, non-violence-related crimes) to 35% (drug-related crimes) of the covariance between SDP and co-occurring risk factors. Unshared environmental factors accounted for the remaining covariance.ConclusionsThe genetic factors that influence a woman's criminal behavior, substance abuse and her offspring's rearing environment all influence SDP. Therefore, the intergenerational transmission of genes conferring risk for antisocial behavior and substance misuse may influence the associations between maternal SDP and adverse offspring outcomes.

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