Drought stress during the growing season: Changes in reducing sugars, starch content and respiration rate during storage of two potato cultivars differing in drought sensitivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Grudzińska ◽  
Dominika Boguszewska‐Mańkowska ◽  
Krystyna Zarzyńska
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Drought Sensitivity

Ecological responses of Stipa steppe in Inner Mongolia to experimentally increased temperature and precipitation. 3. Soil respiration

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuexia Wang ◽  
Yali Chen ◽  
Yulong Yan ◽  
Zhiqiang Wan ◽  
Ran Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Warming ◽  
Soil Respiration Rate ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

The response of soil respiration to simulated climatic warming and increased precipitation was evaluated on the arid–semi-arid Stipa steppe of Inner Mongolia. Soil respiration rate had a single peak during the growing season, reaching a maximum in July under all treatments. Soil temperature, soil moisture and their interaction influenced the soil respiration rate. Relative to the control, warming alone reduced the soil respiration rate by 15.6 ± 7.0%, whereas increased precipitation alone increased the soil respiration rate by 52.6 ± 42.1%. The combination of warming and increased precipitation increased the soil respiration rate by 22.4 ± 11.2%. When temperature was increased, soil respiration rate was more sensitive to soil moisture than to soil temperature, although the reverse applied when precipitation was increased. Under the experimental precipitation (20% above natural rainfall) applied in the experiment, soil moisture was the primary factor limiting soil respiration, but soil temperature may become limiting under higher soil moisture levels.

scholarly journals Prospects of practical use of new potatoes state varietal resources in the north-east Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Kozhushko ◽  
M.M. Sakhoshko ◽  
M.G. Bashtovyi ◽  
D.V. Smilyk ◽  
V.I. Avramenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Growing Conditions

According to statistic evaluation of the manifestation of signs of the economic suitability of state sort resources of 2019 registration potatoes when growing it in different agro-climatic conditions, a significant advantage of influence of the forest-steppe conditions was determined. Compared to Polesia the increase of yield rose for 4.1 t/ha or 18 % (НІР05 = 2.18, Ffact= 12.65 > F05 = 4.22) and the amount of trade potato for 22.72 ha or 20 % (Ffact = 58.87). There is also a tendency to increase the number of starch from unit of area for – 17 % and the total consumer properties for – 8 %.  However, there is a significant difference in the reduction of storability of products by 45 % and the lack of it’s resistance to macrosporiosis and late blight. It was proved that the yield of varieties for cultivation in the polesia zone by 25.7 % depended on the duration of the growing season (Ffact = 4.14 > F05  = 0.06). The relationship between yield and starch of potatoes in Polesia zone varieties  was determined – 23.6 % and in forest-steppe – 17.3 % and starch collection, respectively, 33.6 % and 28.0 %. The dependence of storability of potato which grew in the polesia zone and in forest-steppe from the amount of starch for 15 % was mathematically proved (Ffact = 2.11 > F05 = 0.17) і 11.3 % (Ffact = 1.52 > F05 = 0.24); the dependence of storability on the duration of the growing season in the Forest-Steppe conditions was confirmed(Ffact = 0.66 > F05  = 0.43). In addition, the 12 % of tasting grade of the Forest-Steppe varieties depended on the starch content amount (Ffact = 1.65 > F05 = 0.22). According to the results of the regression analysis, mathematical models have been developed to predict yields, culinary and consumer properties, and the storability of new potato varieties under different growing conditions. The project of a conveyor for the consumption of fresh product in summer  period with the involvement of varieties of early ripeness in the Forest-Steppe was presented: 80 days after planting – Sanibel, 90 days after planting – Medison, Paroli, 95 days after planting – Bazalia, Bernina, 100 days after planting – Donata, in the Polesia zone ‒ 80 days after planting – Sanibel, 90 days after planting – Paroli, 95 days after planting –Bazalia, 100 days after planting – Medison, Bernina, Donata. By distribution of varieties by predicted high content of phytonutrients there were bred varieties with red skin and creamy flesh – Bazalia and Sanibel, by high content with yellow flesh – Baltic Rosa and moderate content with white flesh – Oleksandrit, Fotynia, Ricarda. Introduction of new varieties with certain high adaptive potential of storability and content of bioactive compounds in potatoes will provide growth of potato production in the conditions of the northeast forest-steppe and increase its competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets and will solve the problem of year-round consumption of fresh quality products.

scholarly journals Changes in amylase activity starch and sugars contents in mango fruits pulp cv. Tommy Atkins with spongy tissue

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos de Oliveira Lima ◽  
Adimilson Bosco Chitarra ◽  
Maria Isabel F. Chitarra
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Spongy Tissue ◽  
Mango Fruit ◽  
Appreciable Increase

Changes in amylase activity, starch and reducing and non-reducing sugars contents were monitored during ripening of mango fruits (Mangifera indica L.). The climateric raising in mango fruit is marked by an appreciable increase in the activity of amylase, reducing and non-reducing sugars contents and decrease in the starch content. The fruit affected with spongy tissue exhibited much lower amylase activity and reducing and non-reducing sugars, but exhibited much higher starch content during storage at 12 ± 2° C and 90 ± 5% RH for 28 days, when compared to healthy tissue of ‘Tommy Atkins’. Whether this is caused due to adverse effects on certain enzyme activities during ripening is not clearly known. These dates showed that carbohydrate metabolism is an important feature during ripening of mango.

scholarly journals Texture and Unsaccharified Residual Starch Content in Steamed Roots of Sweet Potato Cultivars with Varying Levels of Beta-amylase Activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Nakamura ◽  
Ryouichi Masuda ◽  
Toshikazu Kuranouchi ◽  
Kenji Katayama
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Potato Cultivars

scholarly journals Shelf-Life of Bunched Carrots as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Leaf Presence

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1982
Author(s):  
Anita Ierna ◽  
Rosario Paolo Mauro ◽  
Cherubino Leonardi ◽  
Francesco Giuffrida
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Nitrates Content

Nitrogen (N) fertilization is essential for adequate earliness and the commercial attractiveness of carrots, but its excess could generate fast decay during postharvest, mostly in bunched carrots exhibiting their highly perishable leaves. A field experiment was conducted over the 2016–2017 growing season to address the effects of two N fertilization rates (120 and 240 kg N ha−1, hereafter N120 and N240, respectively) and leaf presence/absence (leaf+ and leaf−) on physicochemical and compositional traits of carrots cv. ‘Dordogne’, after storage at 4.0 ± 0.5 °C, 95–96% relative humidity (RH) for 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 days (hereafter S0–S24). Before storage, carrots were arranged in bunches and packaged in common low-density polyethylene (LDPE) pouches (thickness 95 μm), 54 × 24 cm size, with 16 holes of 5 mm size. N240 carrots compared to N120 showed higher cumulative weight loss (CWL) and firmness reduction, with differences at S24 equal to 108 vs. 41 g kg−1 fresh weight (FW) and 13.3 vs. 14.5 N, respectively. N240 compared to N120 increased also the color deviation (ΔE*ab, +126%) and nitrates content (+93%) of carrots and slowed down their temporal increase of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity. Leaf+ carrots compared to leaf boosted CWL and firmness reduction, with differences at S24 equal to 90 vs. 58 g kg−1 FW and 12 vs. 17 N, respectively. In addition, leaf presence increased reducing sugars (+17%) and decreased nitrates (−24%) contents. This research has shown the possibility of improving the desirable quality and shelf-life of carrots by halving the N dose commonly supplied by growers and marketing bunched carrots within 12 days from the start of storage.

Total Diet Study: Carbohydrate Content and Methodology

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 823-826
Author(s):  
James F Eheart ◽  
Blanche S Mason
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Total Diet Study ◽  
Factor Effect ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Extreme Variability ◽  
Diet Study ◽  
Positive Correlations

Abstract Determinations were made of total and reducing sugars, sucrose, dextrin, and starch content of dry fat-free solids of the "total diet" samples previously reported by Food and Drug Administration. Samples represented differences in season, location, time of purchase, and store at which purchased. Mean dry fat-free solids contents did not differ significantly. Purchase periods and locations caused extreme variability of the sucrose content of the diets. Factor- effect variations among the other carbohydrate constituents were not considered nutritionally important. Reducing sugars, sucrose, and starch gave positive correlations with total sugars, while negative correlations were obtained for total sugars with dextrin and for reducing sugars with sucrose.

Some effects of gamma radiation on several varieties of Tasmanian potatoes. 2. Biochemical changes

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (18) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Wills
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugars

Tasmanian Up-to-date, Kennebec, Sebago, and Sequoia tubers were treated with low doses of gamma radiation to inhibit sprouting and were subsequently stored at 68�F or 45�F. Tubers were examined at bi-monthly intervals for some, or all, of the following biochemical constituents : dry matter, thiamin, reduced ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, total ascorbic acid, soluble reducing sugars, sucrose, total sugars, and starch. Radiation, independent of dose level, led to lower dry matter contents in the Up-to-date, Kennebec, and Sequoia tubers after four months storage, and in the Sebago tubers after six months storage at 68�F, but not at 45�F, when compared to the controls. The thiamin content of Up-to-date tubers w-as not influenced by radiation (16,000 rads). Storage w-as a more important factor than radiation in altering the ascorbic acid content of tubers. Radiation maintained, or even increased the normal level. Radiation increased the soluble reducing sugar content of Sequoia tubers, the total sugar of Sequoia and Sebago tubers, and the sucrose content of the Sebago tubers, but had little effect on the starch content of these varieties. Storage influenced some of these constituents, particularly in the Sebago variety.

Reproductive schedule of Medicago lupulina (Leguminosae) in a patchy environment

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 2044-2048 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Pavone ◽  
R. J. Reader
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Patchy Environment ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Medicago Lupulina ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Reproductive schedules for cohorts of Medicago lupulina seedlings were compared in adjacent habitats, distinguished by the presence or absence of a ground cover of mosses. The objective of the study was to determine how the reproductive schedule of a single taxon changes in a patchy environment (i.e., where risk of death changes with habitat type). The mortality rate was higher where mosses were absent, probably because of increased drought stress. In both habitats some plants reproduced for the first time in their second growing season, but the percentage reproducing for the first time in their third or fourth growing season was greater at moss-covered sites (15%) than at moss-free sites (4%). Fewer plants reproduced either once or repeatedly in the moss-free habitat (10% once, 1% repeatedly) than in the moss-covered habitat (18% once, 7% repeatedly). However, the mean number of seeds produced per plant was greater at moss-free sites (0–93) than at moss-covered sites (0–27). These results indicate that the timing, frequency, and amount of reproduction will all change where a species experiences different microhabitats within a patchy environment.

scholarly journals Тhe quality of potatoes affects consumer properties of processed foods

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
A. A. Molyavko ◽  
A. V. Marukhlenko ◽  
N. P. Borisova
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Term Storage

Experimental studies have shown that with an increased level of mineral nutrition (N120P180K240) all varieties increased the yield (by 1.7–4.1 tons/ha, or by 10–25%), while the most productive varieties being Bryansky Nadezhny, Bryanskaya Novinka, Slava Bryanshchiny (21.9–22.9 tons/ha). In terms of dry substances content almost all varieties met the requirements of processing, which called for for a dry substance level in tubers of at least 20–24%. With an increase in the dose of fertilizers the amount of starch and dry matter in tubers decreased. On an average background, the starch content compared to the control decreased by 0.7–1.1%, dry substances — by 0.7– 1.2%, on an increased background respectively — by 1.2–1.7%, dry substances — by 1.4–2.7%. The taste of potatoes on an increased background of fertilizers worsened regardless of variety. In terms of darkening of the flesh, raw cleaned tubers of all varieties are not suitable for long-term storage (for example, for 24 hours), while boiled tubers of all varieties did not reduce the quality. Growing potatoes on an increased background of mineral nutrition increased the darkening of raw tubers of the studied varieties compared to control. In the studied varieties the content of reducing sugars in many cases exceeded the amount allowed for the manufacture of crispy potatoes, and therefore its quality was reduced, mainly due to the color of the slices. Almost all varieties gave puree of good quality. An increase in the background of fertilizers slightly worsened the consistency of puree, which reduced the overall estimate.

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