Interaction between CETP Taq1B polymorphism and HEI, DQI and DPI on metabolic biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Metabolomics technologies have identified numerous blood biomarkers for type 2 diabetes risk in case−control studies of middle-aged and older individuals. We aimed to validate existing and identify novel metabolic biomarkers predictive of future diabetes in large cohorts of young adults. Methods NMR metabolomics was used to quantify 229 circulating metabolic measures in 11,896 individuals from four Finnish observational cohorts (baseline age 24–45 years). Associations between baseline metabolites and risk of developing diabetes during 8–15 years of follow-up (392 incident cases) were adjusted for sex, age, BMI and fasting glucose. Prospective metabolite associations were also tested with fasting glucose, 2 h glucose and HOMA-IR at follow-up. Results Out of 229 metabolic measures, 113 were associated with incident type 2 diabetes in meta-analysis of the four cohorts (ORs per 1 SD: 0.59–1.50; p< 0.0009). Among the strongest biomarkers of diabetes risk were branched-chain and aromatic amino acids (OR 1.31–1.33) and triacylglycerol within VLDL particles (OR 1.33–1.50), as well as linoleic n-6 fatty acid (OR 0.75) and non-esterified cholesterol in large HDL particles (OR 0.59). The metabolic biomarkers were more strongly associated with deterioration in post-load glucose and insulin resistance than with future fasting hyperglycaemia. A multi-metabolite score comprised of phenylalanine, non-esterified cholesterol in large HDL and the ratio of cholesteryl ester to total lipid in large VLDL was associated with future diabetes risk (OR 10.1 comparing individuals in upper vs lower fifth of the multi-metabolite score) in one of the cohorts (mean age 31 years). Conclusions/interpretation Metabolic biomarkers across multiple molecular pathways are already predictive of the long-term risk of diabetes in young adults. Comprehensive metabolic profiling may help to target preventive interventions for young asymptomatic individuals at increased risk.

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Impact of botanical fermented foods on metabolic biomarkers and gut microbiota in adults with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029242 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. e029242 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Miin Chan ◽

Helen Baxter ◽

Nadja Larsen ◽

Lene Jespersen ◽

Elif I Ekinci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Common Finding ◽

Control Group ◽

Fermented Foods ◽

Metabolic Biomarkers

IntroductionDysfunctional gut microbiota is a common finding in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recent clinical trials have assessed whether botanical fermented foods (BFFs) have beneficial effects on metabolic biomarkers, inflammatory markers and gut microbiota. The aim of this review is to critically evaluate all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of BFF for evidence of impact on the outcome measures of these disease states.Methods and analysisFour electronic databases (Embase, MEDLINE, CENTRAL and Google Scholar) as well as the grey literature will be searched from inception to present without language or publication status restrictions applied. Eligible RCTs which have enrolled adult participants with T2DM, any MetS components or combinations of these components, treated prophylactically or therapeutically with any botanical fermented food intervention, compared with a control group (no intervention, placebo or active control) will be assessed. Primary outcomes are related to the target conditions, including metabolic biomarkers, inflammatory markers and gut microbiota composition/function. Using Covidence, two independent investigators will conduct title and abstract screening, followed by full-text screening to identify appropriate studies. Methodological quality of the trials will be assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Findings will be summarised with a narrative synthesis of the differences between included studies. A meta-analysis will be conducted if sufficient data are obtained.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required as primary data will not be collected. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication, conference presentations and press.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018117766

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Increased Expression of Meteorin-Like Hormone in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity and Its Association with Irisin

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells8101283 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1283 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

AlKhairi ◽

Cherian ◽

Abu-Farha ◽

Madhoun ◽

Nizam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Positive Association ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Metabolic Dysregulation ◽

Strong Positive Association ◽

Metabolic Biomarkers ◽

Diabetes And Obesity

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing pandemic associated with metabolic dysregulation and chronic inflammation. Meteorin-like hormone (METRNL) is an adipomyokine that is linked to T2D. Our objective was to evaluate the changes in METRNL levels in T2D and obesity and assess the association of METRNL levels with irisin. Overall, 228 Arab individuals were enrolled. Plasma levels of METRNL and irisin were assessed using immunoassay. Plasma levels of METRNL and irisin were significantly higher in T2D patients than in non-diabetic patients (p < 0.05). When the population was stratified based on obesity, METRNL and irisin levels were significantly higher in obese than in non-obese individuals (p < 0.05). We found a significant positive correlation between METRNL and irisin (r = 0.233 and p = 0.001). Additionally, METRNL and irisin showed significant correlation with various metabolic biomarkers associated with T2D and Obesity. Our data shows elevated METRNL plasma levels in individuals with T2D, further exacerbated with obesity. Additionally, a strong positive association was observed between METRNL and irisin. Further studies are necessary to examine the role of these proteins in T2D and obesity, against their ethnic background and to understand the mechanistic significance of their possible interplay.

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Circulating metabolic biomarkers consistently predict incident type 2 diabetes in Asian and European populations - a plasma metabolomics analysis of four ethnic groups

10.1101/2021.07.04.21259971 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jowy Yi Hoong Seah ◽

Yueheng Hong ◽

Anna Cichońska ◽

Charumathi Sabanayagam ◽

Simon Nusinovici ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

European Population ◽

Particle Sizes ◽

Incident Type ◽

Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Biomarkers

Aims/hypothesis: We aimed to evaluate metabolic biomarkers in relation to incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) representing three major ethnic groups in Asia (Chinese, Malay, and Indian) and a European population. Methods: We used data from male and female adult participants of multiple cohorts, including two cohorts from Singapore (n = 6,393 Asians) consisting of ethnic Chinese, Malays, and Indians, and three cohorts of European-origin participants from Finland (n = 14,558). We used nuclear magnetic resonance to quantify 154 metabolic biomarkers in plasma collected at baseline and performed multivariable logistic regression to assess associations between the metabolic measures and risk of T2D with adjustments for age, sex, BMI and either fasting glucose or glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Results: Of 154 metabolic biomarkers, 59 were associated with higher risk of T2D in both Asians and Europeans (P < 0.0003; Bonferroni-corrected). These included branched-chain and aromatic amino acids and alanine, the inflammatory marker glycoprotein acetyls, total fatty acids, the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids, apolipoprotein B, larger very low-density lipoprotein particle sizes, and triglycerides. A further 13 metabolic biomarkers were associated with lower T2D risk in both populations including proportion of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and larger high-density lipoprotein particle sizes. Associations were consistent within the Asian ethnic groups (Phet ≥ 0.05 for all 154 metabolic biomarkers) and largely consistent with the European population (Phet ≥ 0.05 for 128 of 154 metabolic biomarkers). Conclusions/interpretation: Metabolic biomarkers across a variety of biological pathways were consistently associated with T2D risk in three Asian ethnic groups and a European population.

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