scholarly journals Analysis of leaf microbiome composition of near‐isogenic maize lines differing in broad‐spectrum disease resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 225 (5) ◽  
pp. 2152-2165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie R. Wagner ◽  
Posy E. Busby ◽  
Peter Balint‐Kurti
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Microbiome Composition

scholarly journals Analysis of leaf microbiome composition of near-isogenic maize lines differing in broad-spectrum disease resistance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie R. Wagner ◽  
Posy E. Busby ◽  
Peter Balint-Kurti
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
List Type ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Susceptible Parent ◽  
Host Genotype ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Disease Pressure

SummaryPlant genotype strongly affects disease resistance, and also influences the composition of the leaf microbiome. However, these processes have not been studied and linked in the microevolutionary context of breeding for improved disease resistance. We hypothesized that broad-spectrum disease resistance alleles also affect colonization by non-pathogenic symbionts.Quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring resistance to multiple fungal pathogens were introgressed into a disease-susceptible maize inbred line. Bacterial and fungal leaf microbiomes of the resulting near-isogenic lines were compared to the microbiome of the disease-susceptible parent line at two timepoints in multiple fields.Introgression of QTL from disease-resistant lines strongly shifted the relative abundance of diverse fungal and bacterial taxa in both 3-week-old and 7-week-old plants. Nevertheless, the effects on overall community structure and diversity were minor and varied among fields and years. Contrary to our expectations, host genotype effects were not any stronger in fields with high disease pressure than in uninfected fields, and microbiome succession over time was similar in heavily infected plants and uninfected plants.These results show that introgressed QTL can greatly improve broad-spectrum disease resistance while having only limited and inconsistent pleiotropic effects on the leaf microbiome in maize.

scholarly journals An Atypical Kinase under Balancing Selection Confers Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e1003766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine Huard-Chauveau ◽  
Laure Perchepied ◽  
Marilyne Debieu ◽  
Susana Rivas ◽  
Thomas Kroj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Balancing Selection

scholarly journals Level of Endogenous Jasmonate is Critical for Durable Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance Against Rice Blast in a Japonica Rice Variety, Ziyu44

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyu An ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Jinlu Li ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
Qianchun Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Broad Spectrum Resistance

Abstract Background: The molecular mechanism of durable and broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast disease in japonica rice variety is still very little known. Ziyu44, a local japonica rice variety in Yunnan Province of China, has shown durable broad-spectrum blast resistance for more than 30 years, and provides an opportunity for us to explore the molecular basis of broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast in japonica rice variety.Methods and Results: We conducted a comparative study of mycelium growth, aposporium formation, the accumulation of salicylate(SA), jasmonate(JA) and H2O2, the expression of SA- and JA-associated genes between Ziyu44 and susceptible variety Jiangnanxiangnuo (JNXN) upon M. oryzae infection. We found that appressorium formation and invasive hyphae extention were greatly inhibited in Ziyu 44 leaves compared with that in JNXN leaves. Both Ziyu 44 and JNXN plants maintained high levels of baseline SA and did not show increased accumulation of SA after inoculation with M. oryzae, while the levels of baseline JA in Ziyu 44 and JNXN plants were relatively low, and the accumulation of JA exhibited markedly increased in Ziyu 44 plants upon M. oryzae infection. The expression levels of key genes involving JA and SA signaling pathway OsCOI1b, OsNPR1, OsMPK6 as well as pathogenesis-related (PR) genes OsPR1a, OsPR1b and OsPBZ1, were markedly up-regulated in Ziyu44. Conclusions: The level of endogenous JA is critical for synchronous activation of SA and JA signaling pathway, up-regulating PR gene expression and enhancing disease resistance against rice blast in Ziyu44.

scholarly journals YODA MAP3K kinase regulates plant immune responses conferring broad-spectrum disease resistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 (2) ◽  
pp. 661-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Sopeña-Torres ◽  
Lucía Jordá ◽  
Clara Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Eva Miedes ◽  
Viviana Escudero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Broad Spectrum

scholarly journals WRKY Transcription Factors Shared by BTH-Induced Resistance and NPR1-Mediated Acquired Resistance Improve Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance in Wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanpeng Li ◽  
Jiaojiao Wu ◽  
Xiaofeng Shang ◽  
Miaomiao Geng ◽  
Jing Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factors ◽  
Pathogen Invasion ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Transgenic Lines

In Arabidopsis, both pathogen invasion and benzothiadiazole (BTH) treatment activate the nonexpresser of pathogenesis-related genes 1 (NPR1)-mediated systemic acquired resistance, which provides broad-spectrum disease resistance to secondary pathogen infection. However, the BTH-induced resistance in Triticeae crops of wheat and barley seems to be accomplished through an NPR1-independent pathway. In the current investigation, we applied transcriptome analysis on barley transgenic lines overexpressing wheat wNPR1 (wNPR1-OE) and knocking down barley HvNPR1 (HvNPR1-Kd) to reveal the role of NPR1 during the BTH-induced resistance. Most of the previously designated barley chemical-induced (BCI) genes were upregulated in an NPR1-independent manner, whereas the expression levels of several pathogenesis-related (PR) genes were elevated upon BTH treatment only in wNPR1-OE. Two barley WRKY transcription factors, HvWRKY6 and HvWRKY70, were predicted and further validated as key regulators shared by the BTH-induced resistance and the NPR1-mediated acquired resistance. Wheat transgenic lines overexpressing HvWRKY6 and HvWRKY70 showed different degrees of enhanced resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici pathotype CYR32 and Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici pathotype E20. In conclusion, the transcriptional changes of BTH-induced resistance in barley were initially profiled, and the identified key regulators would be valuable resources for the genetic improvement of broad-spectrum disease resistance in wheat. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .

scholarly journals A gain of function mutation in SlNRC4a enhances basal immunity resulting in broad-spectrum disease resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Pizarro ◽  
Meirav Leibman-Markus ◽  
Rupali Gupta ◽  
Neta Kovetz ◽  
Ilana Shtein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Nucleotide Binding Domain ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Gain Of Function ◽  
Agricultural Adaptation ◽  
Basal Defense ◽  
Basal Immunity

AbstractPlants rely on innate immunity to perceive and ward off microbes and pests, and are able to overcome the majority of invading microorganisms. Even so, specialized pathogens overcome plant defenses, posing a persistent threat to crop and food security worldwide, raising the need for agricultural products with broad, efficient resistance. Here we report a specific mutation in a tomato (S. lycopersicum) helper nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat H-NLR, SlNRC4a, which results in gain of function constitutive basal defense activation, in absence of PRR activation. Knockout of the entire NRC4 clade in tomato was reported to compromise Rpi-blb2 mediated immunity. The SlNRC4a mutant reported here possesses enhanced immunity and disease resistance to a broad-spectrum of pathogenic fungi, bacteria and pests, while lacking auto-activated HR or negative effects on plant growth and crop yield, providing promising prospects for agricultural adaptation in the war against plant pathogens that decrease productivity.

scholarly journals Ectopic expression of MgSM1, a Cerato-platanin family protein fromMagnaporthe grisea, confers broad-spectrum disease resistance in Arabidopsis

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 763-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayun Yang ◽  
Huijuan Zhang ◽  
Guojun Li ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Xiao’e Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Family Protein

scholarly journals Overexpression of Arabidopsis Nucleotide-Binding and Leucine-Rich Repeat Genes RPS2 and RPM1(D505V) Confers Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance in Rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaowu Li ◽  
Jianzhong Huang ◽  
Zhangying Wang ◽  
Fen Meng ◽  
Siyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Nucleotide Binding ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeat

scholarly journals Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance Conferred by the Overexpression of Rice RLCK BSR1 Results from an Enhanced Immune Response to Multiple MAMPs

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 5523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasukazu Kanda ◽  
Hitoshi Nakagawa ◽  
Yoko Nishizawa ◽  
Takashi Kamakura ◽  
Masaki Mori
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Defense Related Gene ◽  
Molecular Patterns

Plants activate their immune system through intracellular signaling pathways after perceiving microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases mediate the intracellular signaling downstream of pattern-recognition receptors. BROAD-SPECTRUM RESISTANCE 1 (BSR1), a rice (Oryza sativa) receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase subfamily-VII protein, contributes to chitin-triggered immune responses. It is valuable for agriculture because its overexpression confers strong disease resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens. However, it remains unclear how overexpressed BSR1 reinforces plant immunity. Here we analyzed immune responses using rice suspension-cultured cells and sliced leaf blades overexpressing BSR1. BSR1 overexpression enhances MAMP-triggered production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and transcriptional activation of the defense-related gene in cultured cells and leaf strips. Furthermore, the co-cultivation of leaves with conidia of the blast fungus revealed that BSR1 overexpression allowed host plants to produce detectable oxidative bursts against compatible pathogens. BSR1 was also involved in the immune responses triggered by peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide. Thus, we concluded that the hyperactivation of MAMP-triggered immune responses confers BSR1-mediated robust resistance to broad-spectrum pathogens.

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