GTR1 and GTR2 transporters differentially regulate tissue‐specific glucosinolate contents and defence responses in the oilseed crop Brassica juncea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepti M. Nambiar ◽  
Juhi Kumari ◽  
Rehna Augustine ◽  
Pawan Kumar ◽  
Prabodh K. Bajpai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Defence Responses

scholarly journals First Report of White Leaf Spot Caused by Pseudocercosporella capsellae on Brassica juncea in Australia

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 1131-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Eshraghi ◽  
M. P. You ◽  
M. J. Barbetti
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Single Spore ◽  
First Report ◽  
White Leaf ◽  
Humidity Chamber ◽  
Stem Lesions

Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss (mustard) has potential as a more drought-tolerant oilseed crop than the Brassica napus, and the first two canola-quality B. juncea cultivars will be sown as large strip trials across Australia in 2005. This will allow commercial evaluation of oil and meal quality and for seed multiplication for the commercial release Australia-wide in 2006. Inspection of experimental B. juncea field plantings at Beverley (32°6′30″S, 116°55′22″E), and Wongan Hills (30°50′32″S, 116°43′33″E), Western Australia in September 2004 indicated the occurrence of extensive leaf spotting during B. juncea flowering. Symptoms of this disease included as many as 15 or more grayish white-to-brownish spot lesions per leaf, often with a distinct brown margin. Some elongate grayish stem lesions were also observed as reported earlier for B. napus oilseed rape (1). When affected materials were incubated in moist chambers for 48 h, abundant conidia typical of Pseudocercosporella capsellae (Ellis & Everh.) Deighton were observed that matched the descriptions of conidia given by Deighton (2) and those on B. napus in Western Australia (1). Five single-spore cultures from lesions were grown on water agar (WA) where the colonies characteristically produced purple-pink pigment in the agar after 2 weeks growth in an incubator maintained at 20°C with a 12-h photoperiod (3). Since agar cultures of P. capsellae rarely produce conidia (3), this observation helped with the verification of the cultures. Mycelial inoculum from these cultures was used to inoculate cotyledons of 50 7-day-old plants of B. juncea to satisfy Koch's postulates. Small pieces of mycelia were teased out from the surface of the growing margin of potato dextrose agar (PDA) cultures and inoculated onto both lobes of each cotyledon and plants incubated in a 100% humidity chamber for 48 h within a controlled environment room maintained at 20/15°C (day/night) with a 12-h photoperiod. After 2 weeks, lesions 5 to 8 mm in diameter were observed on the cotyledons. There were no symptoms on control plants that were treated with water only. Lesions on infected cotyledons incubated on moist filter paper for 24 h produced abundant cylindrical conidia showing 2 to 3 septa measuring 42.9 to 71.4 μm long and 2.9 to 3.1 μm wide. Single-spore isolations from these conidia produced typical P. capsellae colonies showing purple-pink pigments in WA, and dark, compacted, and slow-growing colonies with a dentate margin on PDA. White leaf spot caused by P. capsellae is an important disease of crucifers worldwide, but to our knowledge, this is the first report of P. capsellae on B. juncea in Australia. In Western Australia, P. capsellae occurs on B. napus oilseed rape (1) and in 1956, 1984, and 1987, it was recorded on B. rapa, B. oleracea, and B. chinensis, respectively (4), and on the same range of Brassica hosts in other regions of Australia. References: (1) M. J. Barbetti and K. Sivasithamparam. Aust. Plant Pathol.10:43, 1981. (2) F. C. Deighton. Commonw. Mycol. Inst. Mycol. Pap. 133:42, 1973. (3) S. T. Koike. Plant Dis. 80:960, 1996. (4) R. G. Shivas. J. R. Soc. West. Aust. 72:1, 1989.

scholarly journals Heterotic patterns of primary and secondary metabolites in the oilseed crop Brassica juncea

Heredity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabodh K. Bajpai ◽  
Michael Reichelt ◽  
Rehna Augustine ◽  
Jonathan Gershenzon ◽  
Naveen C. Bisht
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites

Development of zero erucic acid Ethiopian mustard through an interspecific cross with zero erucic acid Oriental mustard

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Getinet ◽  
G. Rakow ◽  
J. P. Raney ◽  
R. K. Downey
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Interspecific Cross ◽  
Brassica Carinata ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Ethiopian Highlands ◽  
Ethiopian Mustard ◽  
Interspecific Transfer ◽  
Key Words:Brassica ◽  
Oriental Mustard

Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) is a high-yielding oilseed crop of the Ethiopian highlands, but the seed is high in erucic acid. The objective of this study was to develop zero erucic acid forms in this mustard species. This was achieved through an interspecific transfer of genes for zero erucic acid from Brassica juncea. Key words:Brassica carinata, zero erucic acid

scholarly journals Effect of potassium fertilizer on the growth, physiological parameters, and water status of Brassica juncea cultivars under different irrigation regimes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257023
Author(s):  
Preeti Rani ◽  
Ishan Saini ◽  
Narender Singh ◽  
Prashant Kaushik ◽  
Leonard Wijaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Potassium Sulfate ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Irrigation Regimes

Abiotic stress, especially a lack of water, can significantly reduce crop yields. In this study, we evaluated the physiological and biochemical effects of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) fertilizer and varied irrigation regimes on the economically significant oilseed crop, Brassica juncea L, under open field conditions. Two cultivars (RH-725 and RH-749) of B. juncea were used in a randomized complete block design experiment with three replicates. Irrigation regimes consisted of a control (double irrigation: once at the 50% flowering and another at 50% fruiting stages), early irrigation (at 50% flowering only), late irrigation (at 50% fruiting only) and stress (no irrigation). The K2SO4 applications were: control (K0, no fertilization); K1, 10 kg ha−1; and K2, 20 kg ha−1. We measured growth via fresh and dry plant weight, plant height, root length, and leaf area. All the growth parameters were higher in RH-749. The physiological attributes, including the membrane stability index and relative water content, were higher at the 50% flowering stage in RH-749. The amount of antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) was enhanced when both plants were fertilized during water stress. All of these enzymes had higher activity in RH-749. The total chlorophyll content and photosynthesis rate were considerably higher in RH-749, which leaked fewer electrolytes and maintained a less destructive osmotic potential under limited water conditions. The results indicated that it is water-stress tolerant when given a high concentration of K2SO4, which alleviated the adverse effects of water stress on growth and physiology.

scholarly journals First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Erysiphe cruciferarum on Brassica juncea in Australia

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kaur ◽  
C. X. Li ◽  
M. J. Barbetti ◽  
M. P. You ◽  
H. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Erysiphe Cruciferarum

In Australia, Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss (Indian mustard) has the potential as a more drought-tolerant oilseed crop than the B. napus L., with the first canola-quality B. juncea varieties released in Australia in 2006 and first sown for commercial production in 2007. Increased production of B. juncea is expected to result in the appearance of diseases previously unreported in Australia. In the spring of 2007 at the University of Western Australia field plots at Crawley (31.99°S, 115.82°E), Western Australia, plants of B. juncea genotypes from Australia and China had extensive stem colonization by powdery mildew at the end of the flowering period, with whitish patches ranging in size from 3 mm to 3 cm long. These patches coalesced to form a dense, white, powdery layer as they expanded. Pathogenicity was demonstrated by gently pressing infected stems containing abundant sporulation onto leaves of potted B. juncea seedlings of variety JM-18, incubating the plants in a moist chamber for 48 h, and then maintaining the plants in a controlled-environment room at 18/13°C for day/night. Signs of powdery mildew appeared at 7 days after inoculation, and by 10 days, it was well developed. Uninoculated control plants did not have powdery mildew. When symptomatic plants were examined, abundant conidia were typical of Erysiphe cruciferarum Opiz ex Junell, with cylindrical conidia borne singly or in short chains as described previously (2). Mycelia were amphigenous, in patches, and often spreading to become effused. Conidiophores were straight, foot cells were cylindrical, and conidia were mostly produced singly and measured 21.2 to 35.4 (mean 26.7 μm) × 8.8 to 15.9 μm (mean 11.9 μm) from measurements of 100 conidia. The spore size that we measured approximated what was found for E. cruciferarum (2) (30 to 40 × 12 to 16 μm), since we found 35 and 50% of spores falling within this range in terms of length and width, respectively. Conidia were, however, generally smaller in size than that reported on broccoli raab in California (1) (35 to 50 × 12 to 21 μm). We confirmed a length-to-width ratio greater than 2 as was found previously (1,2). Infected leaves showed signs of early senescence. While powdery mildew caused by E. cruciferarum is an important disease of B. juncea in India where yield losses as much as 17% have been reported (4), its potential impact in Australia is yet to be determined. To our knowledge, this is the first record of E. cruciferarum on B. juncea in Australia. In Western Australia, E. cruciferarum has been recorded on B. napus (oilseed rape) since 1986 and on B. napus L. var. napobrassica (L.) Reichenb. (swede) since 1971 (3). In other regions of Australia, it has been recorded on B. rapa in Queensland since 1913 and on B. napus (oilseed rape) in South Australia since 1973. References: (1) S. T. Koike and G. S. Saenz. Plant Dis. 81:1093, 1997. (2) T. J. Purnell and A. Sivanesan. No 251 in: Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria. CMI, Kew, Surrey, UK, 1970. (3) R. G. Shivas. J. R. Soc. West. Aust. 72:1, 1989. (4) A. K. Shukla et al. Manual on Management of Rapeseed-Mustard Diseases. National Research Centre on Rapeseed-Mustard, Bharatpur, India, 2003.

scholarly journals Exploring the basis of 2-propenyl and 3-butenyl glucosinolate synthesis by QTL mapping and RNA-sequencing in Brassica juncea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimal Nawaz Khattak ◽  
Tianya Wang ◽  
Kunjiang Yu ◽  
Renqin Yang ◽  
Wei Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Intron Length Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Length ◽  
Mapping Gene

AbstractBrassica juncea is used as a condiment, as vegetables and as an oilseed crop, especially in semiarid areas. In the present study, we constructed a genetic map using one recombinant inbred line (RIL) of B. juncea. A total of 304 ILP (intron length polymorphism) markers were mapped to 18 linkage groups designated LG01-LG18 in B. juncea. The constructed map covered a total genetic length of 1671.13 cM with an average marker interval of 5.50 cM. The QTLs for 2-propenyl glucosinolates (GSLs) colocalized with the QTLs for 3-butenyl GSLs between At1g26180 and BnapPIP1580 on LG08 in the field experiments of 2016 and 2017. These QTLs accounted for an average of 42.3% and 42.6% phenotypic variation for 2-propenyl and 3-butenyl GSLs, respectively. Furthermore, the Illumina RNA-sequencing technique was used to excavate the genes responsible for the synthesis of GSLs in the siliques of the parental lines of the RIL mapping population, because the bulk of the seed GSLs might originate from the siliques. Comparative analysis and annotation by gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) revealed that 324 genes were involved in GSL metabolism, among which only 24 transcripts were differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Among those DEGs, 15 genes were involved in the biosynthesis and transport of aliphatic GSLs, and their expression patterns were further validated by qRT-PCR analysis. These RNA-Seq results will be helpful for further fine mapping, gene cloning and genetic mechanisms of 2-propenyl and 3-butenyl GSLs in B. juncea.

Prospects for Brassica Carinata as an Oilseed crop in India

1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Brassica Carinata ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Brown Sarson ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Late Sowing

SUMMARYTwenty one strains of Brassica carinata were tested under irrigated, rainfed and saline soil conditions and five strains under late sowing conditions along with five varieties each of B. juncea, B. napus and B. campestris var. yellow sarson, brown sarson and toria. Brassica juncea had the largest seed and oil yield under irrigated conditions but B. carinata performed much better than other species under late sowing, rainfed and saline soil conditions.

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