IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSED MYCOBACTERIUM KANSASII PULMONARY DISEASE

Abstract Objectives Current guidelines recommend a susceptibility-based regimen for Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies abscessus pulmonary disease (MAB-PD), but the evidence is weak. We aimed to investigate the association between treatment outcomes and in vitro drug susceptibility to injectable antibiotics in MAB-PD patients. Methods We enrolled MAB-PD patients treated with intravenous amikacin and beta-lactams for ≥4 weeks at four referral hospitals in Seoul, South Korea. Culture conversion and microbiological cure at one year were evaluated based on susceptibility to injectable antibiotics among patients treated with those antibiotics for ≥ 2 weeks. Results A total of 82 patients were analysed. The mean age was 58.7 years, and 65.9% were women. Sputum culture conversion and microbiological cure were achieved in 52.4% and 41.5% of patients, respectively. Amikacin was the most common agent to which the M. abscessus subspecies abscessus isolates were susceptible (81.7%); 9.8% and 24.0% of the isolates were resistant to cefoxitin and imipenem, respectively. The clarithromycin-inducible resistance (IR) group (n = 65) had a lower microbiological cure rate than the clarithromycin-susceptible group (35.4% vs. 64.7%). The treatment outcomes appeared to be similar regardless of in vitro susceptibility results with regard to intravenous amikacin, cefoxitin, imipenem, and moxifloxacin. In the subgroup analysis of the clarithromycin-IR group, the treatment outcomes did not differ according to antibiotic susceptibility. Conclusions We did not find evidence supporting the use of susceptibility-based treatment with intravenous amikacin and beta-lactams in patients with MAB-PD. Further research would be required.

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Gentamicin susceptibility among a sample of multi-drug resistantNeisseria gonorrhoeaeisolates in India

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01907-16 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. AAC.01907-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manju Bala ◽

Vikram Singh ◽

Aradhana Bhargava ◽

Monika Kakran ◽

Naveen Chandra Joshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Effective Treatment ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Treatment Option ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Susceptibility Testing ◽

Dual Therapy ◽

Clinical Treatment ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽

Effective Treatment Option

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 258N. gonorrhoeaeisolates by Etest determined that 60.1% were MDR while 5% strains had decreased susceptibility to currently recommended extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs). Among these, 84.5% MDR and 76.9% strains having decreased susceptibility to ESCs were susceptible to gentamicin. No MDR isolate was resistant to gentamicin. Thesein vitroresults suggest that gentamicin might be an effective treatment option for the MDR strains and in dual therapy for gonorrhea. However, further research regarding the clinical treatment outcomes is essential.

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A Murine Model of Mycobacterium kansasii Infection Reproducing Necrotic Lung Pathology Reveals Considerable Heterogeneity in Virulence of Clinical Isolates

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.718477 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Vinicius O. Mussi ◽

Thatiana L. B. V. Simão ◽

Fabrício M. Almeida ◽

Edson Machado ◽

Luciana D. de Carvalho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Virulent Strain ◽

The United States ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Lung Pathology ◽

Mycobacterium Kansasii ◽

Considerable Heterogeneity ◽

Highly Virulent

Among non-tuberculous mycobacteria, Mycobacterium kansasii is one of the most pathogenic, able to cause pulmonary disease indistinguishable from tuberculosis in immunocompetent susceptible adults. The lack of animal models that reproduce human-like lung disease, associated with the necrotic lung pathology, impairs studies of M. kansasii virulence and pathogenicity. In this study, we examined the ability of the C57BL/6 mice, intratracheally infected with highly virulent M. kansasii strains, to produce a chronic infection and necrotic lung pathology. As a first approach, we evaluated ten M. kansasii strains isolated from Brazilian patients with pulmonary disease and the reference strain M. kansasii ATCC 12478 for virulence-associated features in macrophages infected in vitro; five of these strains differing in virulence were selected for in vivo analysis. Highly virulent isolates induced progressive lung disease in mice, forming large encapsulated caseous granulomas in later stages (120–150 days post-infection), while the low-virulent strain was cleared from the lungs by day 40. Two strains demonstrated increased virulence, causing premature death in the infected animals. These data demonstrate that C57BL/6 mice are an excellent candidate to investigate the virulence of M. kansasii isolates. We observed considerable heterogeneity in the virulence profile of these strains, in which the presence of highly virulent strains allowed us to establish a clinically relevant animal model. Comparing public genomic data between Brazilian isolates and isolates from other geographic regions worldwide demonstrated that at least some of the highly pathogenic strains isolated in Brazil display remarkable genomic similarities with the ATCC strain 12478 isolated in the United States 70 years ago (less than 100 SNPs of difference), as well as with some recent European clinical isolates. These data suggest that few pathogenic clones have been widely spread within M. kansasii population around the world.

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In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Mycobacterium abscessus in Korea

Journal of Korean Medical Science ◽

10.3346/jkms.2008.23.1.49 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 49 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Sunghoon Park ◽

Shinok Kim ◽

Eun Mi Park ◽

Hojoong Kim ◽

O Jung Kwon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Mycobacterium Abscessus

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Ambient air pollutant exposure and in vitro fertilization treatment outcomes in Zhengzhou, China

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. 112060

Author(s):

Wei Dai ◽

Hao Shi ◽

Zhiqin Bu ◽

Yiping Yu ◽

Zhimin Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Fertilization ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Vitro Fertilization

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Early Treatment Outcomes for Bloodstream Infections Caused by Potential AmpC Beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales with Focus on Piperacillin/Tazobactam: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10060665 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 665

Author(s):

Lena Herrmann ◽

Aurelia Kimmig ◽

Jürgen Rödel ◽

Stefan Hagel ◽

Norman Rose ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Treatment Response ◽

Sofa Score ◽

Early Treatment ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Bloodstream Infections ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Early Treatment Response

The Gram-negative bacilli Serratia spp., Providencia spp., Morganella morganii, Citrobacter freundii complex, Enterobacter spp. and Klebsiella aerogenes are common Enterobacterales that may harbor inducible chromosomal AmpC beta-lactamase genes. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate treatment outcomes and identify predictors of early treatment response in patients with bloodstream infection caused by potential AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (SPICE-BSI). This cohort study included adult patients with SPICE-BSI hospitalized between 01/2011 and 02/2019. The primary outcome was early treatment response 72 h after the start of active treatment, defined as survival, hemodynamic stability, improved or stable SOFA score, resolution of fever and leukocytosis and microbiologic resolution. Among 295 included patients, the most common focus was the lower respiratory tract (27.8%), and Enterobacter spp. (n = 155) was the main pathogen. The early treatment response rate was significantly lower (p = 0.006) in the piperacillin/tazobactam group (17/81 patients, 21.0%) than in the carbapenem group (40/82 patients, 48.8%). Independent negative predictors of early treatment response (p < 0.02) included initial SOFA score, liver comorbidity and empiric piperacillin/tazobactam treatment. In vitro piperacillin/tazobactam resistance was detected in three patients with relapsed Enterobacter-BSI and initial treatment with piperacillin/tazobactam. In conclusion, our findings show that piperacillin/tazobactam might be associated with early treatment failure in patients with SPICE-BSI.

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Dexmedetomidine targets miR-146a and participates in the progress of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in vivo and in vitro

Genes & Genomics ◽

10.1007/s13258-020-01019-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Na Li ◽

Shuangfeng Li ◽

Yehua Wu ◽

Lu Xiong ◽

Tiejun Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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Association of Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Treatment Outcome in Acne Vulgaris Patients: A Pilot Study

Journal of Laboratory Physicians ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1720943 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (04) ◽

pp. 233-238

Author(s):

Ashvini K. Yadav ◽

Suneel Bhooshan ◽

Allen Johnson ◽

Dinesh P. Asati ◽

Shashwati Nema ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcome ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Acne Vulgaris ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

In Vitro Susceptibility ◽

Persistent Infections ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cutibacterium Acnes

Abstract Purpose Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) is an emerging pathogen that is highly resistant to antibiotics and is capable of causing persistent infections that are difficult to treat. Methods & Materials Acne vulgaris patients visiting dermatology OPD of our tertiary care hospital during the study period of 2 months were recruited. Skin swabs were collected, and the sample was processed on 5% sheep-blood agar for anaerobic culture by the GasPak method. Isolates were identified by the standard biochemical test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for clinically relevant antibiotics by the E-strip method. The clinical response was evaluated after 1-month follow-up to the prescribed antibiotics. Results Minocycline, doxycycline, ceftriaxone, and tetracycline were the most effective antibiotics. Nonsusceptibility to clindamycin and erythromycin were observed in 11.9% and 31% isolates, respectively, with 9.5% isolates being nonsusceptible to both. For none of the antibiotics we found significant difference in the proportion of susceptible and nonsusceptible isolates between mild, moderate, and severe grades of acne vulgaris. For none of the antibiotic regimens, significant difference was observed between nonresponders and responders. Twenty-seven patients received clindamycin and among them 16 of 19 responders and 6 of 8 nonresponders yielded growth of clindamycin-susceptible isolates (p = 0.57). Conclusion We observed significant prevalence of resistant strains of C. acnes among patients with acne vulgaris. No association was observed between in vitro susceptibility results and treatment outcome.

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