Trip Generation at Fast–Food Restaurants in Johor Bahru, Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishtiaque Ahmed ◽  
Ahmed Abdulameer ◽  
Othman Che Puan ◽  
Anil Minhans

Trip Generation rates are important for transportation engineers and planners in the Travel Demand Forecasting process as well as for Traffic Impact Studies. Trip generation by a given land use type depends on one or more factors based on the socio-economic characteristics. The Institute of Transport Engineers (ITE) publishes and updates trip generation rates for different land use types at an interval of 2-3 years.  In Malaysia, the Ministry of Public Works publishes trip generation information and the latest edition was published in 2010. Both of these documents recommend that the published trip rates be verified with local data, if possible. Different researches have been conducted in the developed countries but very rare in Malaysia. This study developed trip generation rates at fast-food restaurants in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. Ten fast-food locations were studied in detail. Trip rates were related to the number of parking spaces and gross floor area. However, the trip rates did not depend on the Number of Seats in the restaurants. The trip rates found in this study were lower than the ITE Trip Generation and higher than the Malaysia Trip Generation Manuals.

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 467-473
Author(s):  
Ishtiaque Ahmed ◽  
Suleiman Abdulrahman ◽  
Mohd Rosli Hainin ◽  
Sitti Asmah Hassan

Transportation planners need to estimate the trip generations of different land use types in the travel demand forecasting process. The Trip Generation Manual of Malaysia, similar to the Trip Generation Manual of the Institute of Transportation Engineers, USA, provides the trip generation rate at “Polyclinics” as a function of the Gross Floor Area. However, the data for this rate have no line of best fit resulting in the lack of confidence in the prediction. This study considered ten locations in Malaysia and verified the significance of different parameters, i.e. Number of Doctors, Number of Staff, Gross Floor Area and Density of Similar Clinics within 0.5 kilometre radius in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. The study developed regression equations for estimating the peak hours and daily trips at polyclinics in terms of “Number of Doctors”. The developed models can be used in estimating the number of trips generated by the polyclinics in Johor Bahru, Malaysia.


2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Hanniabl Bwire

With the increase in travel demand and traffic management problems in many developingcountries cities, travel demand forecasting models are being employed increasingly tomake informed decisions about the operational improvements to the existing transportationsystem and the design and performance of future transportation systems. The mainadvantage of using travel demand forecasting models for such purposes is that they arecapable of capturing the interactive effects of different components of the system understudy. However, for some time now there have been concerns about the application oftransport planning models in developing countries. The concerns have been mainly inrelation to the variables, coefficients and models borrowed from developed countries. Thispaper first discusses the characteristics of transport problems in developing cities andprovides a review of trip generation modelling approaches. Then, the discussion extendsfurther to cover available data for urban transport planning and trip generation modelsthat have found application in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The paper concludes byhighlighting how available data sources and trip generation modelling approach can beimproved to cope with the dynamic conditions in Dar es Salaam.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12815
Author(s):  
Shafida Azwina Mohd Shafie ◽  
Lee Vien Leong ◽  
Ahmad Farhan Mohd Sadullah

A trip generation manual and database are important for transportation planners and engineers to forecast new trip generation for any new development. Nowadays, many petrol stations have fast-food restaurant outlets. However, this land use category has yet to be included in the Malaysian Trip Generation Manual. Therefore, this study attempted to develop a new trip generation model for the new category of “petrol station with convenience store and fast-food restaurant”. Significant factors influencing the trip generation were also determined. Manual vehicle counts at the selected sites were conducted for 3 h during morning, afternoon and evening peak hours. Regression analysis was used in this study to develop the model. A simple trip generation model based on the independent variable number of restaurant seats showed a greater value for the coefficient of determination, R2, compared with the independent variables gross floor area in thousand square feet and number of pumps. The multivariable trip generation model using three independent variables generated the highest R2 among all of the models but was still below a satisfactory level. Further study is needed to improve the model for this new land use category. We must ensure more accuracy in trip generation estimation for future planning and development.


Author(s):  
Angela María Quintero Petit ◽  
Mary Isabel Díaz Gallardo ◽  
Emilio German Moreno González

The trip generation model (TGM) is the first step in transportation forecasting, this is useful for estimating travel demand because it can predict travel from or to a particular land use. Typically, the analysis focuses in residential trip generation as a function of the social and economic attributes of households, but nonresidential land use suggests others variables. Travel generator poles such as: Private school, Semi-private and Public, have not been studied in Venezuela. The TGMs that shows the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE), EE.UU, are used typically and could be not appropriate. By using stepwise regression and transformation of data, high correlation coefficients and substantial improvements in the variability of data from several schools they were found. The trip generation rates (TGRs) by transportation mode: walking, motorcycle, public transport and cars, can be compared and be included in the Ibero-American Network of travel attractors poles.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3410


Author(s):  
Reid Ewing ◽  
Marybeth Deanna ◽  
Shi-Chiang Li

In the conventional four-step travel demand modeling process, the number of trips made by a household is modeled in terms of household size, income, and other sociodemographic variables; any effect of location, land use, or transportation service level is discounted. This is the same as discounting any effect of household accessibility to out-of-home activities as a factor in trip generation (accessibility depending on all three: location, land use, and transportation service level). In contrast to the practice of trip generation, theory tells us that trip rates must vary with accessibility, and some (not all) empirical studies have found that they do. In light of conflicting empirical studies, and the obvious need for more precise and policy-sensitive travel forecasts, this issue is revisited. The independent effects of land use and accessibility variables on household trip rates were tested for using data from Florida travel surveys. It was found that, after controlling for sociodemographic variables, residential density, mixed use, and accessibility do not have significant, independent effects on household trip rates. Conventional trip generation models, which generate person trips by vehicle (not by all modes) and do so without regard to residential location, may not be as bad as one would imagine a priori.


Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. McBride ◽  
Adam W. Davis ◽  
Konstadinos G. Goulias

In this paper, a new land use classification method is explored for its utility in explaining travel behavior and as a new dimension in population synthesis for travel demand forecasting. This method is based on latent profile analysis applied to 17 business establishment indicators for each of the more than 20,000 block groups in California. The method reproduces the four types of land use environments (urban, suburban, exurban, and rural) identified in a previous paper, and improves our ability to create a finer-grain geographic classification based on land use. It also offers similar indications about the difference between urban dwellers (that make more trips but travel shorter distances) and rural residents (that make fewer trips but with more vehicle miles traveled).


Transport ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadranka Jović ◽  
Vladimir Depolo

The idea, representing a fundamental starting point in this article, is to confirm that the models for demand forecasting, in terms of planning urban development, gave the results of the forecasted period. In other words, the available models continue to be a valid theoretical basis to be used for planning the sustainable development of the cities. The presentation of model development in the cities of South-East Europe shows that the matter of city sustain-ability has always represented the focus of attention and has been the subject since the early ‘50s till the present day. Modelling trip generation in transportation studies in the cities of the former Yugoslavia has been taken as the basis for this paper, because it reflects all the stages modelling went through. Such situation was strongly influenced by foreign experience, especially that gained by Anglo-Saxons. Introducing procedures for analytical modelling that relate household socio-economic and land use characteristics to the intensity of land use represented the pioneering step in procedures for integral land use, activity intensity and transportation demand planning. In the cities of South-East Europe, all known methods of trip generation modelling were applied in transportation planning practice. Recently, Serbian researchers have acknowledged that the process of balancing demand for mobility resulting from the purpose, activity intensity and supply to the transportation system (infrastructure and services) terminates in forming the ‘fields of improved accessibility’ (i.e. the parts of the urban area more influenced by investments). The process of forming them causes ‘pressure’ to increase activity intensity (appearance is known as induced construction) that ends in inducing new demand. In this context, there are efforts to integrate trip generation models into ones of spatial distribution taking into consideration the above described conditions and creating the basis for balanced and sustainable development of the cities. Santrauka Pirminė ir pagrindinė šio straipsnio mintis—patvirtinimas, kad modeliai, numatantys paklausą miesto plėtros planavimo požiūriu, pateikė prognozuojamo periodo rezultatus, t. y. siūlomi modeliai ir toliau išlieka vertingu teoriniu pagrindu planuojant darniąją miestų plėtrą. Vystymo modelių, naudojamų Pietryčių Europos miestuose, pristatymas rodo, kad miestų darnos klausimas visada buvo dėmesio centre nuo 1950-ųjų iki šios dienos. Pietryčių Europos miestuose vežimams planuoti buvo taikomi visi žinomi kelionių modeliavimo būdai. Pastaruoju metu Serbijos mokslininkai atskleidė, kad mobilumo paklausos balansavimas, atsirandantis dėl transportavimo sistemos paskirties, veiklos intensyvumo ir pasiūlos (infrastruktūra ir paslaugos), apsiriboja formuodamas „geresnio prieinamumo sritis”, t. y. labiau investuojama į mieste esančias teritorijas. Visa tai sudaro sąlygas „spaudimui” padidinti veiklos intensyvumą ir skatina naują paklausą. Šiame kontekste reikia pastangų integruoti kelionių plėtros modelius į erdvinį pasiskirstymą, atsižvelgiant į pirmiau išdėstytas sąlygas ir sukuriant pagrindą subalansuotam ir darniam miestų vystymui. Резюме Основной целью публикации было подтвердить, что модели, определяющие спрос при развитии городов в контексте планирования, представляют результаты прогнозируемого периода. Таким образом, они и в дальнейшем остаются важной теоретической основой при планировании устойчивого развития городов. Обзор моделей, используемых в юго-восточной Европе для развития городов, показал, что вопрос устойчивого развития городов был и остается в центре внимания с 50-х годов прошлого столетия до наших дней. Для планирования перевозок (транспортирования) в городах юго-восточной Европы использовались почти все известные способы их моделирования. В настоящее время сербские ученые установили, что баланс спроса на мобильность, возникающий из-за назначения транспортной системы, интенсивности деятельности и спроса (инфраструктура и спрос), ограничивается формированием «областей лучшего подхода», т. е. основной поток инвестиций направляется на развитие отдельных частей территорий города. Это в свою очередь создает условия для интенсификации деятельности и поощряет новый спрос. В данном контексте нужны усилия для интеграции моделей развития перевозок (транспортирования) в пространственное распределение, создавая основу для сбалансированного и устойчивого развития городов.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-253
Author(s):  
Ayad Hammadi ◽  
Eric J Miller

A traffic impact sketch planning (TISP) model is presented for the estimation of the likely travel demand generated by a major land-use development or redevelopment project. The proposed approach overcomes the problems with the non-behavioral transportation-related studies used in practice for assessing the development design impacts on the local transportation system. The architectural design of the development, in terms of the number and type of dwellings, by number of bedrooms per unit, and the land-use categories of the non-residential floorspace, are reflected in the TISP model through an integrated population and employment synthesis approach. The population synthesis enables the feasible deployment of an agent-based microsimulation (ABM) model system of daily activity and travel demand for a quick, efficient, and detailed assessment of the transportation impacts of a proposed neighborhood or development. The approach is not restricted to a certain type of dataset of the control variables for the geographic location of the development. Datasets for different geographic dimensions of the study area, with some common control variables, are merged and cascaded into a synthesized, disaggregate population of resident persons, households and jobs. The prototype implementation of the TISP model is for Waterfront Toronto’s Bayside Development Phase 2, using the operational TASHA-based GTAModel V4.1 ABM travel demand model system. While the conventional transportation studies focus on the assessment of the local traffic impacts in the immediate surroundings of the development, the TISP model investigates and assesses many transportation related impacts in the district, city, and region, for both residents and non-residents of the development. TISP model analysis includes the overall spatiotemporal trips distribution generated by the residents and non-residents of the development for the auto and non-auto mobility systems and the simulated agents diurnal peaking travel times. The model results are compared with the trips estimates by a prior project traffic impact study and the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Trip Generation Manual (TGM) rates of weekday trips for the relevant land uses. Future extensions and improvements of the model including the generalization and full automation of the model, and the bi-level macro-micro representation of the transportation network are also discussed.


2003 ◽  
Vol 1831 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick C. Dock ◽  
Carol J. Swenson

The relationship between urban form, as shaped through transit-oriented urban design, and transportation demand, as represented by regional travel demand forecasting model techniques, is investigated. The research from two studies is synthesized and, through development of travel demand forecasting model enhancements in the form of a subarea model and off-line estimation techniques, a link is sought between data analysis at the regional scale and urban design and land use strategies applied at the local and subregional scales. A methodology for aggregating individual transit-oriented development sites into a subregional growth scenario is described. Findings are reported from use of the subarea model to compare impacts of a transit-oriented growth scenario with a conventional growth scenario for a subregion of suburban communities.


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