scholarly journals The Role and Challenges of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (Smes) in Emerging Economies: An Analysis from Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hande Karadag
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Turkish Economy ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
New Jobs

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) form a large part of economy. As SME sector has a crucial role in creating new jobs, economic growth and innovation, these economic units are worldwide acknowledged as the key actors of socioeconomic development. In Turkey, significance of SMEs is relatively higher, caused by not only from their huge share in the economy, amounting to 99.9% of all registered enterprises, but also their “backbone” function in the dynamic but turbulent Turkish economy. As Turkey experienced severe economic crises during the recent decades, SMEs became one of the major elements of the growth and development policies of regulatory authorities. This paper aims to address this critical role of small and medium sized companies by investigating factors behind the rising popularity of SME sector in Turkey, while at the same time pinpointing the major adventageous and problematic areas. Turkey is among major emerging economies, therefore the analysis this expected to make a significant contribution to literature about small business sector in developing economies by taking the factors constraining the growth of Turkish SME sector to the spotlight.

scholarly journals Tourism and Development in Developing Economies: A Policy Implication Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asif Khan ◽  
Sughra Bibi ◽  
Ardito Lorenzo ◽  
Jiaying Lyu ◽  
Zaheer Udden Babar
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Growth Energy ◽  
Agriculture Development

Tourism is considered a competent driver of development in emerging economies. This study assesses the role of tourism in shaping the fundamental pillars of development in developing economies by targeting the case of Pakistan. Various econometric techniques and approaches were used to investigate the causal relationships of tourism with economic growth, energy and agriculture development, and poverty. This study highlights the important role of tourism in the development of emerging economies. The findings of our study suggest that a 1% increase in tourism significantly enhances gross domestic product (GPD) by 0.051%, foreign direct investment by 2.647%, energy development by 0.134%, and agriculture development by 0.26%, and reduces poverty by 0.51% in the long run. Hence, policy-makers should be informed that through public interventions, tourism can advance development by the design and implementation of integrated policies in developing economies. In addition, policy consistency and coherence are essential for competitiveness, sustainability, and maximizing benefits from tourism.

PUBLIC INVESTMENT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS: A COMPARISON BETWEEN DEVELOPED AND EMERGING ECONOMIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Presley Vasconcellos ◽  
Fabiola De Sampaio Rodrigues Grazinoli Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
International Market ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Effective Development

Emerging economies have unique characteristics. Governments should promote effective development policies taking into account the particularities of each country. Public spending in the educational system for stimulating technological and scientific progress should be part of the government’s agenda on socioeconomic development, creating successful strategies to stimulate robust and innovative processes directed to meet internal demands. The investment in research and development by developing countries such as China has improved their economy and it allows them to become leaders in different sectors of the international market.

Understanding the Relationship Between Culture and Sensory Marketing in Developing Strategies and Opportunities in Emerging Economies

2017 ◽  
pp. 236-262
Author(s):  
Abdulelah Althagafi ◽  
Mahmood Ali
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Sensory Marketing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Global strategy requires an understanding of various international cultural differences and their impact on organisations success or failure. Organisations adopt different strategies to succeed in a diverse cultural environment. Sensory marketing strategy plays a critical role in understanding the culture and formulating a successful strategy. Sensory marketing is the process that affects customers' senses, perceptions, judgment, and behaviour. It is critical for policymakers to understand the impact of sensory marketing on consumer buying practices across cultures, including emerging economies. This study serves as a backdrop of strategic development in emerging economies with a focus on the visual and tactile factors of the sensory marketing. Adopting Hofstede's (2001) cultural framework, this chapter has three major objectives. Based on literature review, firstly, it presents a cross-cultural analysis of the consumer sensory processing between the developed economies and emerging economy, Saudi Arabia. Secondly, it aims to evaluate the culture impacts on consumer behaviour's purchase intentions in relation to the sensory factor such as touch and vision. Thirdly, it attempts to identify the role of consumer sensory factors in buying decision across the culture. According to the findings, the literature supports the universality of behaviour patterns of multisensory interaction between touch and vision. This universality applies at both theoretical and operational levels.

Trade and Human Capital in Global Value Chain in Developed and Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Wenxiao Wang ◽  
Shandre Thangavelu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract This paper investigates the effects of human capital on bilateral domestic value-added trade in global value chains (GVCs) for 43 countries and 56 sectors. In contrast to previous studies, this paper estimated an approximate gravity model of value-added trade to capture the role of human capital in determining the cross-border production linkages via value-added trade. The results show that the domestic value-added trade flows depend critically on human capital development in both exporting and importing countries. The results indicate a positive effect of skilled intensity on bilateral domestic value-added trade in GVCs. We also observe a larger positive effect of skills on the GVC value-added trade for the developing economies. The paper highlights the importance of trade liberalization and forward-looking human capital development policies for the competitiveness of the developing countries in the value-added trade in GVC.

Analysis of drivers of CSR practices’ implementation among family firms in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 947-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubham Singh ◽  
Shashank Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Stakeholder Theory ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
The Way

Purpose Differences in institutional environment and governance structures pave the way for heterogeneous nature of different businesses; this, in turn, shapes the way various sections of society act toward each other enacting their responsibilities. Taking into account the unique institutional environment and governance structures of firms in developing economies, this paper aims to build on the “stakeholder theory” to address the issue of the implementation of corporate social responsibilities (CSR) practices in these economies, particularly India. This paper also aims to uncover the saliency (legitimacy and power) of different stakeholder groups on different aspects of a firm’s CSR activities. Further, as most of the firms in developing economies are family-run firms, the paper examines role of organizational leadership in shaping firms’ CSR strategies. Design/methodology/approach Integrating literature on “stakeholder theory” and CSR, this paper examines the implementation of different CSR practices by family-run firms in India. This paper uses survey research to collect data from 80 privately held family firms operating in apparel and textiles industry in India. The data have been collected from respondents holding top leadership positions in the sample firms. Findings The findings indicate that pressure from primary stakeholders (i.e. customers, employees and shareholders) and CSR-oriented leadership belief significantly influence organizational implementation of CSR practices, whereas pressure from secondary stakeholder (i.e. community groups and non-governmental organizations) was found to be insignificant. Further, CSR-oriented leadership belief moderated the relationship between primary stakeholder pressure and organizational implementation of CSR practices. The findings equally highlighted lower saliency of secondary stakeholder’s legitimacy and power because of weak institutional mechanisms, while on the other hand, the primary stakeholders exert considerable power because of the direct nature of transactional legitimacy, further accentuated by the governance structure in family firms. Originality/value This paper is among the very few studies that address the issue of CSR among family-run businesses in developing economies. Existing frameworks on analyzing firm’s implementation of CSR practices does not recognize the inherent heterogeneity among different stakeholder groups. Recognizing that different stakeholders have different levels of influence over firms, this paper categorized the stakeholders’ groups into primary and secondary to analyze their differential impact over firms. Additionally, given the critical role of leadership belief in the implementation of CSR practices, this paper analyzed the moderated effect of CSR-oriented leadership belief toward developing a more robust model of CSR implementation.

scholarly journals The Crosstalk between Cancer Stem Cells and Microenvironment Is Critical for Solid Tumor Progression: The Significant Contribution of Extracellular Vesicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Ciardiello ◽  
Alessandra Leone ◽  
Alfredo Budillon
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Mediated Communication

Several evidences nowadays demonstrated the critical role of the microenvironment in regulating cancer stem cells and their involvement in tumor progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered as one of the most effective vehicles of information among cells. Accordingly, a number of studies led to the recognition of stem cell-associated EVs as new complexes able to contribute to cell fate determination of either normal or tumor cells. In this review, we aim to highlight an existing bidirectional role of EV-mediated communication—from cancer stem cells to microenvironment and also from microenvironment to cancer stem cells—in the most widespread solid cancers as prostate, breast, lung, and colon tumors.

scholarly journals UNCERTAINTY AS AN ANTECEDENT OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN RISK: DOES SUPPLY CHAIN FLEXIBILITY MATTER IN RISK MITIGATION?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-509
Author(s):  
Jutamat Sutduean ◽  
Watcharin Joemsittiprasert ◽  
Kittisak Jermsittiparsert
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Supply Chain Risk ◽  
Chain Flexibility ◽  
Supply Chain Flexibility

Purpose: This study aims to address the existing research gap, as well as to explore the various types of flexibility which could contribute in mitigating supply chain risks. Methodology: In this regard, we consider three aspects under SCR namely; manufacturing process risk, delivery risk, and supply risk. The study explores the relationships among supply chain risk and environmental uncertainty, and the moderating role of supply chain flexibility by employing data of 91 manufacturing companies and develop a structural equation modelling. Results: Developing economies are contributing well in the global trade and are responsible for 50% of the generated global output. They present future prospects for economic growth and pose challenges mainly because of immature supply chain operations. Considering the critical role of emerging economies in global supply chain, such as India and China, it is also important to observe the moderating and driving supply chain risk factors in these regions. It is assumed that this study will not only fill the existing gap in the literature of SCRM but will assist researchers and practicing managers, by enabling them to fully understand certain types of supply chain flexibility, thus reducing the SCR under business environments.

Benchmarking organisational innovativeness types for sustainability: a study of Indian firms

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Verma Bhupendra ◽  
Shirish Sangle
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Sustainability Challenges ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

PurposeThe paper aims to explore the attributes and systemic characteristics of organisational innovativeness types in sustainability oriented firms in India. In dynamic business environment amid sustainability challenges, benchmarking organisational innovativeness of sustainability oriented firms may pave a way for many other firms to develop suitable strategies. The paper also presents the role of innovativeness in risk-management.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire-based survey was conducted to gather the responses from 689 managers of 60 firms operating in India and displaying traits of sustainability orientation. Generic organisational innovativeness characteristics of these firms are presented based on result of factor analysis and variances explained by respective factors. Innovativeness characteristics have been discussed in context of sustainability and environmental management.FindingsStudy provides the glimpse of variability in steps taken by firms to remain competitive in current and future markets. The paper also offers a new factor of organisational innovativeness as “risk-innovativeness” and presents its role in disruptive and sustainable innovation.Research limitations/implicationsThe study adds to existing literature by providing a measure of organisational innovativeness types and proposes a definition of “risk-innovativeness” and opens a new avenue for further exploration.Practical implicationsThe study may help organisations operating in emerging economies to benchmark and develop attributes of organisational innovativeness types considering sustainability challenges and uncertain market conditions.Social implicationsThe study may guide other firms to benchmark their current innovativeness standing and may help in developing suitable attributes leading to combat negative impacts of climate change by developing sustainable innovations.Originality/valueThere are no existing studies which offer organisational innovativeness types of sustainability oriented firms, especially in emerging and developing economies context.

The Role of the SLP in Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening and Assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Philofsky
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Screening Assessment ◽  
Critical Components

AbstractRecent prevalence estimates for autism have been alarming as a function of the notable increase. Speech-language pathologists play a critical role in screening, assessment and intervention for children with autism. This article reviews signs that may be indicative of autism at different stages of language development, and discusses the importance of several psychometric properties—sensitivity and specificity—in utilizing screening measures for children with autism. Critical components of assessment for children with autism are reviewed. This article concludes with examples of intervention targets for children with ASD at various levels of language development.

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