The Spectrum of Weed Species and Fungal Pathogens in Stands of Alternative Fodder Crop Lolium Multiflorum Var. Westerwoldicum Growing up in a Drought-Prone Area in the Czech Republic

The aim of this study was to explore the composition of weed vegetation on arable land in selected areas of the Czech Republic and to determine the level of γ-diversity. Our survey was conducted at 27 conventional and 35 organic farms from 2006–2008. In each sampled field, one phytocoenological relevé of a standard size of 100 m2 was recorded in the central part of the field. The species cover was estimated. The total γ-diversity was expressed as the total number of weed species recorded. γ-diversity of different farming systems, altitudes and crops was calculated. Subsequently, the species were divided on the basis of their perenniality. In total, 172 weed species were found – 123 and 162 in conventional and organic farming, respectively. The highest number of species was found in winter cereals and at medium altitudes. Chenopodium album was recorded as the species with the highest constancy in both types of farming. In total, 89 annuals, 17 biennials and 15 perennials were observed in conventional farming, and 109 annuals, 23 biennials, 28 perennials and 2 semiparasitic annuals were found in organic farming.

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Dorastanie naznaczone traumą historii. Kilka refleksji nad powieściami Jiříego Kratochvila „Uprostřed nocí zpěv” i Magdaleny Tulli „Włoskie szpilki”

Miscellanea Posttotalitariana Wratislaviensia ◽

10.19195/2353-8546.6.19 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 245-256

Author(s):

Dorota Żygadło-Czopnik

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Political Change ◽

East Germany ◽

Round Table ◽

National Identities ◽

The Political ◽

Growing Up ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Political Transformations

Growing up marked by trauma in Jiří Kratochvil’s, Uprostřed nocí zpěv and Magdalena Tulla’s, Włoskie szpilkiThe process of political change began in Czechoslovakia at the end of 1989, a few months after the so-called Polish Round Table Talks, and after the events in Hungary, East Germany or Bulgaria, foretelling the political transformations in those countries. Poles and Czechs are nations steeped in history, whose rhythm is defined by traumas, many of which still await their artistic disarmament. Czech history is completely different than that of Poles. As a result of the tangled history, Czech and Polish national identities are not fully defined. The key objective of the proposed paper is to examine how the contemporary Polish and Czech writers confront their totalitarian heritage. We would like to focus on the works of a Moravian author Jiří Kratochvil b. 1940 in Brno, who is undervalued and barely known in Poland, and of a Polish writer Magdalena Tulla b. 1955. As a matter of fact, Jiří Kratochvil was truly discovered in the Czech Republic only after November 1989.Взросление в тени исторической травмы в повести Иржи Кратохвила Uprostřed nocí zpěv и Магдалены Тулли Włoskie szpilkiПроцесс политических преобразований начался в Чехословакии в конце 1989 года, спустя несколько месяцев после польских переговоров т. наз. круглого стола и после событий в Венгрии, ГДР или Болгарии, которые предвещали политико-режимные трансформации в этих странах. Поляки и чехи — это народы, погруженные в историю, а ее ритм в польском и чешском мышлении диктуют травмы. Многие из них еще предстоит обезвредить при помощи инструментов искусства. Чешская история во многом отличается от нашей. По причине непростой истории чешская и польская национальные идентичности не получили своего четкого определения. Основной целью предлагаемого доклада является исследование того, как современные польские и чешские писатели сводят счеты с тоталитарным наследием. Главное внимание будет уделено творчеству моравского писателя Иржи Кратохвила 1940 г.р., Брно, автора малоизвестного в Польше, а также польской писательницы Магдалены Тулли 1955 г.р.. Иржи Кратохвил и в самой Чехии приобрел признание только после ноября 1989 года.

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Testing of Koch method applied for evaluation of ornamental trees in the Czech Republic

Horticultural Science ◽

10.17221/60/2008-hortsci ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 36 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 154-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. Bulíř

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Price Adjustment ◽

Maturity Stage ◽

Growing Up ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Base Price ◽

Relevant Regulation ◽

Ornamental Trees ◽

Care Costs ◽

Technological Model

Koch method of ornamental trees evaluation is based on interest paid on costs invested in tree-growing up to their maturity stage minus deductions for age, defects and damage. The aim of this paper is to apply the above mentioned method in the economic conditions of the Czech Republic. The paper presents essential economic data generated in accordance with the technological model of tree growing at a permanent site. We also describe the mechanism of the so-called base tree price calculation as a basis for the subtraction of deductions derived from its current condition. The calculated base tree prices are illustratively compared to prices based on the to-date applied calculating techniques and the relevant regulation. We also refer to the method of base price adjustment based on the criterion of landscape tree value. The mechanism of price calculation applied for Koch method testing included two modifications. The first relates to due consideration of growth qualities when calculating development care costs; the other introduces landscaping value indicator as the only base price adjustment to achieve the resulting price, corresponding with the current tree condition.

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‘How it all turned out alright’: Autofiction as Memory Form in Irena Dousková’s Novels about Childhood and Youth in Post-1968 Czechoslovakia

European Journal of Life Writing ◽

10.21827/ejlw.10.37604 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. RSL41-RLS65

Author(s):

Anja Tippner

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Everyday Life ◽

Eastern European ◽

Growing Up ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Childhood And Youth ◽

Late Socialism ◽

Popular Texts ◽

The Way

Autofictions and memoirs about growing up in late socialism have proliferated in Czech as well as in other postsocialist Eastern European literatures. These retrospective texts are often tinged with nostalgia and infused with irony and humour. Two of the most popular texts of this genre in the Czech Republic are Irena Dousková’s autofictional books Hrdý Budžes [B. Proudew] and Oněgin byl Rusák [Onegin Was a Rusky]. The Czech author writes about growing-up in a non-conformist family dealing with everyday life in socialist Czechoslovakia. After discussing Dousková’s books as autofiction the article will take a closer look at the poetics of childhood autofictions and their contribution to cultures of remembering socialism in comparison to autobiographies. It will discuss the ways how writing about childhood creates a specific socialist identity through scarcity, ingenuity, and working with/against restraints and the way humour is used to transmit difficult memories.

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Plži Obory Hvězda, Petřína a Vyšehradu v Praze [Gastropods of the Hvězda Game Reserve, Petřín and Vyšehrad in Prague]

Malacologica Bohemoslovaca ◽

10.5817/mab2021-20-15 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 15-29

Author(s):

Štěpánka Podroužková ◽

Magda Drvotová ◽

Dagmar Berneška Říhová ◽

Jana Škodová ◽

Alena Kocurková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Endangered Species ◽

The Other ◽

Sensitive Species ◽

Weed Species ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Game Reserve ◽

Arianta Arbustorum ◽

Arion Vulgaris ◽

First Time

Mollusc fauna of three protected areas in the capital of the Czech Republic, Prague, was revised after 25 years (Hvězda Game Reserve, Petřín) or studied for the first time (Vyšehrad). In total, 56 molluscs species were found and the survival of endangered species Vertigo angustior and Nesovitrea petronella in the Hvězda Game Reserve was verified. Generally, some sensitive species in well-preserved localities are being replaced by weed species, including non-indigenous ones such as the invasive Arion vulgaris, and the southern element Monacha cartusiana. On the other hand, some woodland species such as Arianta arbustorum, Urticicola umbrosus, Eucobresia diaphana, Arion silvaticus and Lehmannia marginata apparently spread in Prague.

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A Czech Story about the Social and Legal Protection of Children

World Journal of Social Science Research ◽

10.22158/wjssr.v7n4p75 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. p75

Author(s):

Lukáš Stárek

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Social Workers ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Ethical Behaviour ◽

Growing Up ◽

School Teachers ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Full Support ◽

The Social ◽

The One

In the Czech Republic, aid to and protection of children in various life situations have a longstanding tradition. In identifying children who are growing up in situations of risk, as well as providing them with full support and assistance in gaining their rights, all who work them professionally in some aspects of their lives are obliged to participate. Along with social workers, these are mostly paediatricians and other doctor specialists, midwives, pre-school teachers, teachers, pedagogues, psychologists… When applying work, social workers need to possess many layers of knowledge and skills on the one hand, and practice thoughtful ethical behaviour on the other hand. The text brings information about the system in the Czech Republic and the view of the social workers themselves helping children.

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Vegetation of the Landfill Supíkovice (Olomouc Region, Czech Republic)

Acta Musei Silesiae Scientiae Naturales ◽

10.1515/cszma-2016-0009 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 75-81

Author(s):

Šárka Cimalová

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Vascular Plants ◽

Red List ◽

Small Populations ◽

Weed Species ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Centaurea Cyanus ◽

Impatiens Parviflora ◽

Erigeron Annuus ◽

Invasive Taxa

Abstract The paper presents the results of floristic and vegetation analyses of the landfill Supíkovice. Ruderal, segetal and meadow vegetation units were recorded in June 2015. The most interesting findings were threatened weed species growing in decontamination patches on loamy and nutrient-poor soils in the central part of the landfill. Dianthus armeria (C4a) and Filago arvensis (C3) are listed in the national Red List of the Czech Republic. Moreover, these taxa were evaluated in the same category of rarity on the regional level. Apart from the above mentioned, Centaurea cyanus (C4a) and Papaver dubium (C4a), registered only in the regional Red List of vascular plants of the Moravian-Silesian Region (see methods), were found. Besides threatened species, relatively small populations of invasive taxa as Erigeron annuus, Impatiens parviflora or Reynoutria sp., were also recorded on the landfill Supíkovice.

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Weed vegetation of arable land in the Czech Republic: environmental a management factors determining weed species composition

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-014-0331-6 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 69 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Michaela Kolářová ◽

Luděk Tyšer ◽

Josef Soukup

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Species Composition ◽

Arable Land ◽

Vegetation Period ◽

Vegetation Composition ◽

Weed Species ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Winter Cereals ◽

Root Crops ◽

Significant Factors

AbstractThis paper reports on the current situation in weed vegetation composition on arable land in selected areas of the Czech Republic, assessment of influence of selected variables: applied management systems (conventional, organic), crops (winter cereals, root crops) and altitude and ranking of the importance of these particular factors. A phytocoenological survey was conducted from 2006 to 2008 during a vegetation period using relevés that were 100 m2 in size, placed in the central part of fields. In total, 202 relevés of agricultural vegetation were recorded. The combined environmental variables explained 10.6% of the variability. Based on the pCCAs, the highest effect was found at altitude, which explains 5.1% of the species composition variability. The second and third most significant factors are crop and management system, which explain 3.3% and 1.8% of the variability, respectively. The lowlands were generally characterised by the thermophilous summer annual weed species. The higher altitudes were populated by species that are typical for colder areas and poor, humid, and acidic soil types, such as cambisoil.

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Evaluation of the Growth Dynamics and Morphological Characteristics of Genetic Sources of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201563041141 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 1141-1146 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pavla Koláčková ◽

Gabriela Růžičková ◽

Ivana Šafránková ◽

Karel Hron ◽

Klára Hrůzová

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Growth Dynamics ◽

Vegetation Period ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Milk Thistle ◽

Silybum Marianum ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Data Value

The aim of this work was to evaluate the growth dynamics and selected morphological characteristics of genetic sources of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L. Gaertn.) for the further development of the minimal set of descriptors. Milk thistle is grown in the Czech Republic for its achenes; however, the quality of achenes can be reduced by many factors, by the occurrence of fungal pathogens mainly. The growth dynamics and morphological characteristics of milk thistle during the vegetation period in the years 2010–2013 at two localities were evaluated. The cluster analysis of the data showed the similarity for some of the accessions and confirmed the dependence of the data value to the climatic conditions. Source from Serbia, Slovakia, Romanian variety ’De Prahova’, German accessions SIL 2 and SIL 8, Hungarian accesion RCAT 040360 DDR and Czech variety ’Silyb’ seem to be promising genetic sources from the viewpoint of growth and development in the Czech Republic.

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Efficacy of soil isolates of entomopathogenic fungi against the bulb mite, Rhizoglyphus robini (Acari: Acaridae)

Systematic and Applied Acarology ◽

10.11158/saa.26.6.11 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jana Konopická ◽

Andrea Bohatá ◽

Jiří Nermuť ◽

Eva Jozová ◽

Zdeněk Mráček ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Soil Samples ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Rhizoglyphus Robini ◽

Virulent Strains ◽

Lethal Time ◽

Bulb Mite

The bulb mite, Rhizoglyphus robini, is a serious pest of garlic, onion and other crops. The mite is usually found in association with dangerous fungal pathogens such as Fusarium spp. Control of this pest has relied upon the use of synthetic acaricides but chemical control of the bulb mite is difficult because it is able to develop resistance quickly. Thus, alternative control methods, e.g. biological control, need to be developed and implemented. The aim of this study was to assess efficacy of selected strains of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) against adult females of R. robini under laboratory conditions. New EPF strains were isolated from soil samples collected in onion and garlic fields in the Czech Republic and Israel using soil elution and cultivation on selective media. Fungal species were determined using macroscopic, microscopic and molecular markers. The efficacy against R. robini females was tested in 17 isolated and 3 reference strains of EPF. Results revealed high variability among species and strains. The highest efficacy against R. robini mites was found in strains of Metarhizium anisopliae isolated from soil samples collected in the Czech Republic which caused mortality up to 99.3%, and a Metarhizium indigoticum strain from Israel causing 98.3% mortality after four days of bioassay. Isaria fumosorosea strains did not caused mortality higher than 40%. The lowest virulence was found in Beauveria spp. strains causing mortality of mites between 5 and 25%. Median lethal time (LT50) and median lethal concentration (LC50) in the three most virulent strains ranged between 2 and 4 days and between 1.01×104 and 2.36×105 spores/ml, respectively. The concentration-response models indicated that the M. indigoticum strain is more lethal than M. anisopliae strains. The present study showed that some strains of entomopathogenic fungi, especially from the genus Metarhizium, could be perspective biocontrol agents against R. robini.

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