scholarly journals Employment of maize silage in non-liquid fermentation for biogas production

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbyšek Karafiát ◽  
Tomáš Vítěz ◽  
Kristina Somerlíková ◽  
Ján Gaduš ◽  
Martin Haitl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Liquid Fermentation ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Mesophilic Conditions

This paper deals with the optimization of the anaerobic fermentation process of maize silage using the non-liquid technology. The aim of the paper is to increase the knowledge necessary for more efficient running of biogas stations using batch technology of non- liquid fermentation. The preferable ratio of initial materials, fresh maize silage and maize silage after partial fermentation, was verified within this experiment. Dynamics of the process, especially the quantity and quality of produced biogas has been monitored during the experiment. All the experiments have been done in the batch-system fermentors of volume of 0.48 m3 equipped with an independent and indirect circuit of water heating, the heat has been transferred to the material throught the steel wall of the fermentor. The material has been tested in the mesophilic conditions with the temperature of the 38 °C. The retention time of material in fermentors has been 27 days. The results of our experiments reveal the fact that the maize silage of lower mix ratio produced about 22.8 % more of biogas counted to one kilogram of dry matter than the maize silage of higher mix ratio.

scholarly journals Potential of biogas production from swine manure supplemented with glycerine waste

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 844-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odorico Konrad ◽  
Fabio F. Koch ◽  
Marluce Lumi ◽  
Jaqueline F. Tonetto ◽  
Alberto Bezama
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Very High ◽  
Mesophilic Conditions

In this study, was studied the biogas generation from swine manure, using residual glycerine supplementation. The biogas production by digestion occurred in the anaerobic batch system under mesophilic conditions (35°C), with a hydraulic retention time of 48 days. The experiment was performed with 48 samples divided into four groups, from these, one was kept as a control (without glycerin) and the other three groups were respectively supplemented with residual glycerine in the percentage of 3%, 6% and 9% of the total volume of the samples. The volume of biogas was controlled by an automated system for reading in laboratory scale and the quality of the biogas (CH4) measured from a specific sensor. The results showed that the residual glycerine has high potential for biogas production, with increases of 124.95%, 156.98% and 197.83% in the groups 3%, 6% and 9%, respectively, relative to the sample control. However, very high organic loads can compromise the process of digestion affecting the quality of the biogas generated in relation to methane.

scholarly journals The comparison of single and double cut harvests on biomass yield, quality and biogas production of Miscanthus × giganteus

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 369-376
Author(s):  
Marta Kupryś-Caruk ◽  
Sławomir Podlaski
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Miscanthus Giganteus ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the research was to determine the impact of double-cut harvest system on yield, as well as on suitability of Miscanthus × giganteus biomass for ensiling and biogas production. Biomass was harvested at the end of June (harvest I) and at the beginning of October (harvest II, regrowth). A single-cut regime at the end of October was also conducted. Biomass from harvests I and II was ensiled and subjected to anaerobic fermentation. The total dry matter (DM) yield from double-cut harvest system was similar to the DM yield from one-cut harvest, but two harvests per year had a positive effect on chemical composition of the biomass. C/N ratio and lignin content in the biomass from harvest I was lower compared to the single-cut biomass. Double harvest biomass was susceptible to ensiling, however, the biomass from harvest I characterized by low dry matter and water soluble sugars content resulted in poorer quality of the obtained silage (butyric acid was present). There were no significant differences between the methane yields obtained from ensiled biomass from harvests I and II.

scholarly journals Biogas composition depending on the type of plant biomass used

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Herout ◽  
J. Malaťák ◽  
L. Kučera ◽  
T. Dlabaja
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
High Concentrations

The aim of the work is to determine and analyse concentrations of individual biogas components according to the used raw materials based on plant biomass. The measurement is focused on biogas production depending on input raw materials like maize silage, grass haylage and rye grain. The total amount of plant biomass entering the fermenter during the measurement varies at around 40% w/w, the rest is liquid beef manure. The measured values are statistically evaluated and optimised for the subsequent effective operation of the biogas plant. A biogas plant operating on the principle of wet anaerobic fermentation process is used for the measurement. The biogas production takes place during the wet fermentation process in the mesophile operation at an average temperature of 40°C. The technology of the biogas plant is based on the principle of using two fermenters. It follows from the measured results that maize silage with liquid beef manure in the ratio of 40:60 can produce biogas with a high content of methane; this performance is not stable. At this concentration of input raw material, the formation of undesirable high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide occurs as well. It is shown from the results that the process of biogas production is stabilised by the addition of other components of plant biomass like grass haylage and rye grain and a limitation of the formation of hydrogen sulphide occurs. It follows from the results that the maize silage should form about 80% w/w from the total amount of the plant biomass used.

scholarly journals Effects of chemical preservative and pressing of ensiled sugar-beet pulp on the quality of fermentation process

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Doležal ◽  
V. Pyrochta ◽  
J. Doležal
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Preservative ◽  
Beet Pulp

This study deals with effects of pressing of ensiled sugar-beet pulp and of application of a chemical preservative on the quality of fermentation process. The experimental silages had a better sensory evaluation than the control ones. In silages treated chemically with a mixture of acids, statistically significantly (P < 0.01) higher dry matter content, lowest pH value, the value of lactic acid and the lowest content of all acids in dry matter were found after 180 days of storage from the beginning of the experiment. The statistically significantly (P < 0.01) highest lactic acid content (43.39 ± 1.25 g/kg DM) was determined in the control pressed silage. The highest LA/VFA ratio (1.40 ± 0.18) was calculated for non-pressed experimental silage (D – 3 l/t of KEM). As compared with untreated control the highest percentage (P < 0.01) of lactic acid and of all fermentation acids was found out in silage D treated with 3 l/t of KEM (58.18 ± 0.47 g/kg DM). Undesirable butyric and propionic acids were not found in chemically treated silage samples (C, D, E, F). However, the highest (P < 0.01) contents of butyric acid (26.37 ± 0.91 g/DM) and propionic acid (4.58 ± 0.78 g/DM) were measured in untreated non-pressed silage samples (B). The highest (P < 0.01) contents of acetic acid and ethanol were found in control silage samples. The quality of these silages was evaluated as very low.  

scholarly journals The usefulness of sugar beets for biogas production in relations of the storage time and sugar content

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Mioduszewska ◽  
Mariusz Adamski ◽  
Anna Smurzyńska ◽  
Jacek Przybył ◽  
Krzysztof Pilarski
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Biogas Yield

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of sugar beet for biogas production, taking into account the duration time of storage and sugar content in the roots. The research has included analysis of methane and biogas yield of sugar beet. The relations between the sugar content in the roots and the length of storage period and the course of the methane fermentation process were determined. Sugar beets with sugar content of 17.6% and 19.6% were used for this experiment. In order to analyse the fermentation process, the fresh beets and the beets stored in flexible, hermetic tanks in the period of 43 and 89 days were used. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, it was found that the sugar content and the storage time of sugar beet roots can differentiate the production of biomethane and that it influences the methane fermentation process and the quality of the produced biogas.

scholarly journals Performance and carcass quality of Czech Fleckvieh, Charolais and Charolais × Czech Fleckvieh bulls fed diets based on different types of silages

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bartoň ◽  
V. Kudrna ◽  
D. Bureš ◽  
R. Zahrádková ◽  
V. Teslík
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Entire Experiment

A total of thirty-four Czech Fleckvieh (CF), Charolais (CH) and Charolais × Czech Fleckvieh (CH × CF) bulls with an average weight of 284 kg were included in the experiment and fed ad libitum two mixed diets: MS (based on maize silage) and LCS (based on legume-cereal and lucerne silages) with different concentrations of dietary energy until slaughter at the target live weight of 600 kg. The CF bulls consumed more dry matter (DM) of feed daily than the CH bulls (<i>P</i> < 0.05) and gained weight less efficiently than the CH × CF and CH animals (<i>P</i> < 0.01) during the entire experiment. The killing-out percentage was lower in the CF than in the CH × CF and CH (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The CH bulls received a higher score for carcass conformation and a lower score for carcass fatness (<i>P</i> < 0.01) than the CF bulls, had lower proportions of kidney and cod fat (<i>P</i> < 0.01) than the CH × CF and CF bulls, and produced the highest percentage of high-priced meat (<i>P</i> < 0.05) and the lowest percentage of separable fat (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The bulls on the MS diet were younger than the others at the end of the experiment (<i>P</i> < 0.01), gained weight more rapidly (<i>P</i> < 0.001), consumed less DM (<i>P</i> < 0.001) daily, utilized nutrients more efficiently over the entire experimental period (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and had a higher proportion of internal fat than the LCS bulls. It can be concluded that purebred CH bulls were superior to the other breed groups in most of the traits observed. The intensive diet based on maize silage increased average daily gains, reduced the time needed to achieve the target slaughter weight, and improved the feed efficiency of bulls.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Bacterial Community and Fermentation Quality during Ensiling of Wilted and Unwilted Moringa oleifera Leaf Silage with or without Lactic Acid Bacterial Inoculants

mSphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Liwen He ◽  
Yaqi Xing ◽  
Yanting Zheng ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bacterial Inoculants ◽  
Dry Matter Loss ◽  
Fermentation Quality

ABSTRACT To investigate the effects of wilting and lactic acid bacterial inoculants on the fermentation quality and bacterial community of Moringa oleifera leaf silage, fresh and wilted M. oleifera leaves were ensiled with or without Lactobacillus farciminis LF or Lactococcus lactis LL for 1, 7, 14, 30, and 60 days. The results showed that wilting, inoculants, and their interaction exerted significant (P < 0.05) effects on the fermentation characteristics covering dry matter loss, pH value, lactic acid bacterial number, the ratio of lactic acid to acetic acid, and the relative abundances of bacteria, like for species of Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Pediococcus, Enterococcus, Leuconostoc, and Enterobacter. Both LF and LL improved the fermentation quality of wilted and unwilted M. oleifera leaf silage by accelerating lactic acid production and pH decline, decreasing dry matter loss, and inhibiting yeast and coliform bacterial growth through the whole fermentation process. During ensiling, the abundances of Lactococcus, Enterococcus, and Leuconostoc spp. increased from day 1 to day 7 and then declined sharply from day 7 to day 14. Members of these genera and Enterobacter were inhibited, whereas Lactobacillus spp. were enhanced by these two lactic acid bacterial inoculants. The relative abundances of Enterobacter, Enterococcus, and Pediococcus spp. in inoculated silages were relatively low during the whole ensiling process. A lower abundance of Enterobacter spp. was observed in wilted silages than in unwilted silages. In summary, wilting and lactic acid bacterial inoculants had an influence on bacterial community and the fermentation process; LF and LL improved the fermentation quality of wilted and unwilted M. oleifera leaf silage. IMPORTANCE Moringa oleifera leaf is a high-quality feed source for livestock and is increasingly used all over the world. Ensiling might be an effective method for preservation of the leaves. In the practice of silage making, lactic acid bacterial inoculants and wilting are commonly used to improve nutrition preservation. Monitoring the changes in a bacterial community during fermentation gives an insight into understanding and improving the ensiling process. Our results suggest that wilting and lactic acid bacterial inoculants had an influence on the bacterial community and fermentation process of M. oleifera leaf silage. Wilting showed positive effects on silage fermentation by decreasing the abundance of Enterobacter spp., while LF and LL improved the fermentation quality by inhibiting Enterobacter spp. and enhancing Lactobacillus spp. Both LF and LL accelerated the ensiling process from cocci (like Lactococcus, Enterococcus, and Leuconostoc spp.) to lactobacilli.

Biogas production from silage maize hybrids

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
Z. Hegyi ◽  
Z. Zsubori-Tóth ◽  
J. Pintér ◽  
C. Marton
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Biogas Yield

Experiments have been underway in Martonvásár for many years to develop leafy silage hybrids, which have a greater aboveground mass than conventional silage hybrids. The best hybrids for biogas production would be those that produce a large quantity of biomass and are rich in starch. The chief characteristic of leafy hybrids is that they have more leaves than normal hybrids. Due to this enhanced leaf area above the ear, the vegetative period of leafy genotypes is shorter, while the grain-filling period is longer, which has a positive effect on both yield and grain quality. The results of the present experiment show that during the anaerobic fermentation of the silage, leafy hybrids produced more biogas (640 l per 1000 g dry matter) than conventional hybrids (606 l per 1000 g dry matter). There were no significant differences between the methane contents of the leafy and non-leafy hybrids tested in the experiment. A strong positive correlation was found between biogas yield and the starch content of the silage, and a moderate positive correlation between biogas yield and the sugar content. The correlation between biogas yield and the lignin and protein contents was negative, in accordance with other literary data.

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