Concentrated Force Near a Smooth Circular Inclusion

1966 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 871-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dundurs ◽  
K. Fukui ◽  
T. Fukui
Keyword(s):  
Circular Inclusion ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Infinite Matrix ◽  
Elementary Functions ◽  
Concentrated Force ◽  
Curved Boundary ◽  
Smooth Interface ◽  
Interesting Behavior

A concentrated force applied to an infinite matrix near a smooth circular inclusion is discussed. The smooth interface is defined as one that allows slip, but does not transmit shearing tractions. The solution is partially in terms of series, but for certain combinations of materials the series sum to elementary functions. The solution which is of significance for applications in micromechanics exhibits interesting behavior also from the point of view of classical elastostatics. When the force is allowed to approach the interface, the singularity for the force shows dependence on the curvature of the interface. In this respect the smooth interface between two materials in two dimensions resembles a curved boundary in three dimensions.

Stereotyping Older Workers and Retirement: The Managers' Point of View

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kène Henkens
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Frequent Contact ◽  
Components Analysis

ABSTRACTThis article presents the results of a study into stereotyping by managers of their older workers and the influence of these stereotypes on the inclination of managers to keep their older workers in employment. The data for the study were gathered among 796 managers. Through principal components analysis, 15 opinions about older workers were reduced to three dimensions of stereotypes. The first dimension deals with the productivity of older staff; the other two dimensions have to do with their reliability and their adaptability. These stereotypical ideas about older workers influence managers' attitudes toward the retirement of their employees. The analyses show that, besides organizational factors, psychological mechanisms also explain why people view older workers through stereotypes. Managers who are older and in more frequent contact with older employees tend to hold more positive views.

On Misoriented Letters

Perception ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Bressan ◽  
Giovanni B Vicario
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Picture Plane ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Three Dimensions

An experiment is reported in which subjects were presented with misoriented letters and asked to identify the transformations to which normal letters had been subjected to produce the misorientation. When two or more transformations were equally justifiable from the geometrical point of view, they did not have necessarily the same relevance from the perceptual standpoint. For instance, it was easier for the subjects to see an upside-down letter R as the outcome of two reflections (one about the horizontal axis and one about the vertical axis) rather than of a 180° rotation in the picture plane. Contrary to expectation, for the same final result a reflection—a movement in three dimensions—was preferred to a rotation—a movement in two dimensions—and two reflections were preferred to a single rotation. To explain the distribution of the responses, a hypothesis on the ‘mode of appearance’ of equivocally oriented objects is presented. This postulates that the directional axes assigned to the objects tend to remain in correspondence with those of the environment. Moreover, the polarization of the up–down axis tends to be preserved, while that of the left-right axis does not. Implications of this simple model for the perception of misorientations are discussed.

Torsional magnetic reconnection: The effects of localizing the non-ideal (ηJ) term

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 843-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER F. WYPER ◽  
REKHA JAIN
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Reconnection ◽  
Natural Extension ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Current Profile ◽  
Change In Practice ◽  
Kinematic Models

AbstractMagnetic reconnection in three dimensions (3D) is a natural extension from X-point reconnection in two dimensions. Of central importance in the 3D process is a localized non-ideal region within which the plasma and magnetic field decouple allowing for field line connectivity change. In practice, localized current structures provide this localization; however, mathematically a similar effect can be achieved with the localization of plasma resistivity instead. Physically though, such approaches are unrealistic, as anomalous resistivity requires very localized currents. Therefore, we wish to know how much information is lost in localizing η instead of current? In this work we develop kinematic models for torsional spine and fan reconnection using both localized η and localized current and compare the non-ideal flows predicted by each. We find that the flow characteristics are dictated almost exclusively by the form taken for the current profile with η acting only to scale the flow. We do, however, note that the reconnection mechanism is the same in each case. Therefore, from an understanding point of view, localized η models are still important first steps into exploring the role of non-ideal effects.

scholarly journals Multidimensional research on university engagement using a mixed method approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Benito Mundet ◽  
Esther Llop Escorihuela ◽  
Marta Verdaguer Planas ◽  
Joaquim Comas Matas ◽  
Ariadna Lleonart Sitjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Social Commitment ◽  
Cognition And Emotion ◽  
Nominal Groups ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The commitment or academic implication (engagement) of universitystudents has become a fundamental element for their welfare and academicperformance and, furthermore, it is also related to their professional futureand social commitment. For this reason, the definition of the concept and theprovision of assessment strategies and tools are essential to know the learningexperiences that lead to enhancing the academic involvement of the students.To develop our research, we have used a mixed quantitative and qualitativemethodology: exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis on the one hand,and discussion groups using the nominal groups technique on the other hand.We have set three different objectives: first, to delve into the multidimensionalmodel of the construct; second, to validate a questionnaire that allows forevaluation of the students’ perception of the learning methodologies used inthe classroom; and third, to check the manageability of the nominal groupsas a qualitative method of analysis. The results demonstrate that our newproposal provides a statistically valid instrument aimed at determining theperceptions of own engagement and an effective, efficient and motivatingqualitative method for students. However, regarding the multidimensionalityof the construct, contrary to the more accepted theoretical point of view thatconsiders three dimensions of engagement (behaviour, cognition and emotion),our results only reveal two dimensions (cognitive-emotional and behavioural).In the discussion and comments section we give possible explanations for thiscontradiction.

Measure the degree of availability of the learning organization’s dimensions and their applications at Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences: قياس درجة توفر أبعاد المنظمة المتعلمة وتطبيقاتها في كلية فقيه للعلوم الطبية

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najla Adnan Filali, Salwa Hassan Farid Aezam
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Learning Organization ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Technology Application

The study aimed to measure the degree of availability of the learning organization’s dimensions and their applications in Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, by identifying the degree of availability of the learning organization’s dimensions, identifying the areas of application of the concept of the organization, and identifying the obstacles to implementing the concept of the learning organization at Fakih College of Medical Sciences from the respondents ’viewpoint. and to achieve this goal the researcher used the descriptive-analytical approach. She prepared a questionnaire and was distributed to a randomly selected sample, consisting of (100) administrators and faculty members, in the College Fakih for Medical Sciences, and the arithmetic averages and standard deviations were used, and the study concluded with a set of results, the most important of which are: There are three dimensions for the learning organization at Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences from the point of view of its employees to a large degree, namely (level of learning, empowerment of workers, level of technology application). While there are two dimensions for the learning organization in the Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences with a medium degree, they are (the organization's environment, the level of knowledge management). The study recommended that learning be taken care of at all levels and including it within the training programs to acquire its various skills, and to establish an effective methodology for knowledge management that includes knowledge activities such as (finding and acquiring and storage, transfer, retrieval and application of knowledge), and work to increase the cognitive skills of workers, through communication with various Saudi academic organizations Develop their cognitive abilities.

scholarly journals Spontaneous decay of level from spectral theory point of view

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 849-859
Author(s):  
Eduard Ianovich
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Spontaneous Decay ◽  
Absolutely Continuous ◽  
Theory Point ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
The Mathematical Model

In quantum field theory it is believed that the spontaneous decay of excited atomic or molecular level is due to the interaction with continuum of field modes. Besides, the atom makes a transition from upper level to lower one so that the probability to find the atom in the excited state tends to zero. In this paper it will be shown that the mathematical model in single-photon approximation may predict another behavior of this probability generally. Namely, the probability to find the atom in the excited state may tend to a nonzero constant so that the atom is not in the pure state finally. This effect is due to that the spectrum of the complete Hamiltonian is not purely absolutely continuous and has a discrete level outside the continuous part. Namely, we state that in the corresponding invariant subspace, determining the time evolution, the spectrum of the complete Hamiltonian when the field is considered in three dimensions may be not purely absolutely continuous and may have an eigenvalue. The appearance of eigenvalue has a threshold character. If the field is considered in two dimensions the spectrum always has an eigenvalue and the decay is absent.

scholarly journals Data on Orientation to Happiness in Higher Education Institutions from Mexico and El Salvador

Data ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Domingo Villavicencio-Aguilar ◽  
Edgardo René Chacón-Andrade ◽  
Maria Fernanda Durón-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Student’S T

Happiness-oriented people are vital in every society; this is a construct formed by three different types of happiness: pleasure, meaning, and engagement, and it is considered as an indicator of mental health. This study aims to provide data on the levels of orientation to happiness in higher-education teachers and students. The present paper contains data about the perception of this positive aspect in two Latin American countries, Mexico and El Salvador. Structure instruments to measure the orientation to happiness were administrated to 397 teachers and 260 students. This data descriptor presents descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation), internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha), and differences (Student’s t-test) presented by country, population (teacher/student), and gender of their orientation to happiness and its three dimensions: meaning, pleasure, and engagement. Stepwise-multiple-regression-analysis results are also presented. Results indicated that participants from both countries reported medium–high levels of meaning and engagement happiness; teachers reported higher levels than those of students in these two dimensions. Happiness resulting from pleasure activities was the least reported in general. Males and females presented very similar levels of orientation to happiness. Only the population (teacher/student) showed a predictive relationship with orientation to happiness; however, the model explained a small portion of variance in this variable, which indicated that other factors are more critical when promoting orientation to happiness in higher-education institutions.

scholarly journals Free partition functions and an averaged holographic duality

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Afkhami-Jeddi ◽  
Henry Cohn ◽  
Thomas Hartman ◽  
Amirhossein Tajdini
Keyword(s):  
Partition Function ◽  
Spectral Gap ◽  
Central Charge ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Partition Functions ◽  
General Constraints ◽  
Dimensional Gravity ◽  
Holographic Duality

Abstract We study the torus partition functions of free bosonic CFTs in two dimensions. Integrating over Narain moduli defines an ensemble-averaged free CFT. We calculate the averaged partition function and show that it can be reinterpreted as a sum over topologies in three dimensions. This result leads us to conjecture that an averaged free CFT in two dimensions is holographically dual to an exotic theory of three-dimensional gravity with U(1)c×U(1)c symmetry and a composite boundary graviton. Additionally, for small central charge c, we obtain general constraints on the spectral gap of free CFTs using the spinning modular bootstrap, construct examples of Narain compactifications with a large gap, and find an analytic bootstrap functional corresponding to a single self-dual boson.

scholarly journals An exceptionally preserved conulariid from Ordovician erratics of Northern European Lowlands

PalZ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Consuelo Sendino ◽  
Martin M. Bochmann
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Current Location ◽  
Transport Direction ◽  
First Time ◽  
Erratic Boulder

AbstractA conulariid preserved in three dimensions from Ordovician fluvioglacial erratics of the Northern European Lowlands (North German Plain) is described under open nomenclature. It is assigned to the genus Conularia with similarities to Baltoscandian conulariids. The lithology of the erratic boulder and fauna contained in it provide important information on the origin and transport direction of the sediment preserved in a kame from the Saalian glaciation. This paper deals with the site of origin of the boulder in Baltoscandia analysing the comprised palaeofauna, from a palaeostratigraphic and palaeogeographic point of view, from its deposition in Ordovician times until its arrival at its current location in the Late Pleistocene. It also reveals for the first time the internal structure of the conulariid aperture.

Turbulent three-dimensional dielectric electrohydrodynamic convection between two plates

2012 ◽  
Vol 696 ◽  
pp. 228-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kourmatzis ◽  
J. S. Shrimpton
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Turbulent Regime ◽  
Scalar Flux ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scalar Variance

AbstractThe fundamental mechanisms responsible for the creation of electrohydrodynamically driven roll structures in free electroconvection between two plates are analysed with reference to traditional Rayleigh–Bénard convection (RBC). Previously available knowledge limited to two dimensions is extended to three-dimensions, and a wide range of electric Reynolds numbers is analysed, extending into a fully inherently three-dimensional turbulent regime. Results reveal that structures appearing in three-dimensional electrohydrodynamics (EHD) are similar to those observed for RBC, and while two-dimensional EHD results bear some similarities with the three-dimensional results there are distinct differences. Analysis of two-point correlations and integral length scales show that full three-dimensional electroconvection is more chaotic than in two dimensions and this is also noted by qualitatively observing the roll structures that arise for both low (${\mathit{Re}}_{E} = 1$) and high electric Reynolds numbers (up to ${\mathit{Re}}_{E} = 120$). Furthermore, calculations of mean profiles and second-order moments along with energy budgets and spectra have examined the validity of neglecting the fluctuating electric field ${ E}_{i}^{\ensuremath{\prime} } $ in the Reynolds-averaged EHD equations and provide insight into the generation and transport mechanisms of turbulent EHD. Spectral and spatial data clearly indicate how fluctuating energy is transferred from electrical to hydrodynamic forms, on moving through the domain away from the charging electrode. It is shown that ${ E}_{i}^{\ensuremath{\prime} } $ is not negligible close to the walls and terms acting as sources and sinks in the turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent scalar flux and turbulent scalar variance equations are examined. Profiles of hydrodynamic terms in the budgets resemble those in the literature for RBC; however there are terms specific to EHD that are significant, indicating that the transfer of energy in EHD is also attributed to further electrodynamic terms and a strong coupling exists between the charge flux and variance, due to the ionic drift term.

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