A Holistic Approach to GTCC Operational Efficiency Improvement Studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sowande Z. Boksteen ◽  
Jos P. van Buijtenen ◽  
Dick van der Vecht
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Exergy Losses ◽  
Plant Efficiency

Because of the increasing share of renewables in the energy market, part load operation of gas turbine combined cycle (GTCC) power plants has become a major issue. In combination with the variable ambient conditions and fuel quality, load variations cause these plants to be operated across a wide range of conditions and settings. However, efficiency improvement and optimization studies are often focused on single operating points. The current study assesses efficiency improvement possibilities for the KA26 GTCC plant, as recently built in Lelystad, The Netherlands, taking into account that the plant is operated under frequently varying conditions and load settings. In this context, free operational parameters play an important role: these are the process parameters, which can be adjusted by the operator without compromising safety and other operational objectives. The study applies a steady state thermodynamic model with second-law analysis for exploring the entire operational space. A method is presented for revealing correlations between the exergy losses in major system components, indicating component interactions. This is achieved with a set of numerical simulations, in which operational conditions and settings are randomly varied, recording plant efficiency and exergy losses in major components. The resulting data is used to identify distinct operational regimes for the GTCC. Finally, the free operational parameters are used as decision variables in a genetic algorithm, optimizing plant efficiency in the operational regimes identified earlier. The results show that the optimal settings for decision variables depend on the regime of operation.

A Holistic Approach to GTCC Operational Efficiency Improvement Studies

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sowande Z. Boksteen ◽  
Jos P. van Buijtenen ◽  
Dick van der Vecht
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Exergy Losses ◽  
Plant Efficiency

Because of the increasing share of renewables in the energy market, part load operation of gas turbine combined cycle (GTCC) power plants has become a major issue. In combination with the variable ambient conditions and fuel quality, load variations cause these plants to be operated across a wide range of conditions and settings. However, efficiency improvement and optimization studies are often focused on single operating points. The current study assesses efficiency improvement possibilities for the KA26 GTCC plant, as recently built in Lelystad, The Netherlands, taking into account that the plant is operated under frequently varying conditions and load settings. In this context, free operational parameters play an important role: these are the process parameters, which can be adjusted by the operator without compromising safety and other operational objectives. The study applies a steady state thermodynamic model with second-law analysis for exploring the entire operational space. A method is presented for revealing correlations between the exergy losses in major system components, indicating component interactions. This is achieved with a set of numerical simulations, in which operational conditions and settings are randomly varied, recording plant efficiency and exergy losses in major components. The resulting data is used to identify distinct operational regimes for the GTCC. Finally, the free operational parameters are used as decision variables in a genetic algorithm, optimizing plant efficiency in the operational regimes identified earlier. The results show that the optimal settings for decision variables depend on the regime of operation.

Inlet Air Cooling Applied to Combined Cycle Power Plants: Influence of Site Climate and Thermal Storage Systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Palestra ◽  
Giovanna Barigozzi ◽  
Antonio Perdichizzi
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Cooling Systems

The paper presents the results of an investigation on inlet air cooling systems based on cool thermal storage, applied to combined cycle power plants. Such systems provide a significant increase of electric energy production in the peak hours; the charge of the cool thermal storage is performed instead during the night time. The inlet air cooling system also allows the plant to reduce power output dependence on ambient conditions. A 127MW combined cycle power plant operating in the Italian scenario is the object of this investigation. Two different technologies for cool thermal storage have been considered: ice harvester and stratified chilled water. To evaluate the performance of the combined cycle under different operating conditions, inlet cooling systems have been simulated with an in-house developed computational code. An economical analysis has been then performed. Different plant location sites have been considered, with the purpose to weigh up the influence of climatic conditions. Finally, a parametric analysis has been carried out in order to investigate how a variation of the thermal storage size affects the combined cycle performances and the investment profitability. It was found that both cool thermal storage technologies considered perform similarly in terms of gross extra production of energy. Despite this, the ice harvester shows higher parasitic load due to chillers consumptions. Warmer climates of the plant site resulted in a greater increase in the amount of operational hours than power output augmentation; investment profitability is different as well. Results of parametric analysis showed how important the size of inlet cooling storage may be for economical results.

Part-Load Operation of Gas Turbines Induced by Co-Gasification of Coal and Biomass in an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Power Plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Ravelli
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Guide Vane ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Integrated Gasification

Abstract This study takes inspiration from a previous work focused on the simulations of the Willem-Alexander Centrale (WAC) power plant located in Buggenum (the Netherlands), based on integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) technology, under both design and off-design conditions. These latter included co-gasification of coal and biomass, in proportions of 30:70, in three different fuel mixtures. Any drop in the energy content of the coal/biomass blend, with respect to 100% coal, translated into a reduction in gas turbine (GT) firing temperature and load, according to the guidelines of WAC testing. Since the model was found to be accurate in comparison with operational data, here attention is drawn to the GT behavior. Hence part load strategies, such as fuel-only turbine inlet temperature (TIT) control and inlet guide vane (IGV) control, were investigated with the aim of maximizing the net electric efficiency (ηel) of the whole plant. This was done for different GT models from leading manufactures on a comparable size, in the range between 190–200 MW. The influence of fuel quality on overall ηel was discussed for three binary blends, over a wide range of lower heating value (LHV), while ensuring a concentration of H2 in the syngas below the limit of 30 vol%. IGV control was found to deliver the highest IGCC ηel combined with the lowest CO2 emission intensity, when compared not only to TIT control but also to turbine exhaust temperature control, which matches the spec for the selected GT engine. Thermoflex® was used to compute mass and energy balances in a steady environment thus neglecting dynamic aspects.

scholarly journals Efficiency Improvement of Chemical Looping Combustion Combined Cycle Power Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1900567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed N. Khan ◽  
Schalk Cloete ◽  
Shahriar Amini
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Efficiency Improvement

The Extension of Gas Turbine Power Plants to Combined Cycle Power Stations

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Schemenau ◽  
Ulrich Häuser
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Clean Fuel ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Power Stations

In industrial countries as well as in developing countries there is a continuous growth of electricity consumption. The normal way to meet these requirements is the stepwise extension of electricity producing plants. In countries where clean fuel is available at acceptable prices the advantages of combined cycle plants in terms of efficiency and of smooth meeting the requirements can be used. The following essay concentrates on the influences of design criterias and ambient conditions on efficiency, output and plant cost for the type of CCP which is most frequently excecuted. As a result of an optimization an executed plant is described also with regard to lay out, required space and erection time.

Diagnosis of Thermal Efficiency of Advanced Combined Cycle Power Plants Using Optical Torque Sensor

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Umezawa
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Signal Process ◽  
Bar Code ◽  
Sensor Performance ◽  
Power Company ◽  
Optical Torque ◽  
Plant Efficiency

A new optical torque measurement method was applied to diagnosis of thermal efficiency of advanced combined cycle, i.e. ACC, plants. Since the ACC power plant comprises a steam turbine and a gas turbine and both of them are connected to the same generator, it is difficult to identify which turbine in the plant deteriorates the performance when the plant efficiency is reduced. The sensor measures axial distortion caused by power transmission by use of He-Ne laser beams, small stainless steel reflectors having bar-code patterns, and a technique of signal processing featuring high frequency. The sensor was applied to the ACC plants of TOKYO ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY, TEPCO, following the success in the application to the early combined cycle plants of TEPCO. The sensor performance was inspected over a year. After an improvement related to the signal process, it is considered that the sensor performance has reached a practical use level.

Improving Plant Efficiency While Optimizing Water Use in Simple and Combined Cycle Power Plants

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. Demakos
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Scarce Water ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Poor Quality Water ◽  
Plant Efficiency

Closed-loop, evaporative cooling systems (Wet Surface Air Coolers) are a cost-effective heat transfer technology (for cooling and condensing) in simple and combined cycle power plants that also optimize use of scarce water resources. In addition to providing lower outlet temperatures and requiring less space and horsepower (HP), the WSAC can use poor quality water as spray makeup.

Low DP FlameSheet™ Extended Validation of a Flexible, Low Emissions, Higher Output and Efficiency F-Class Turbine Upgrade

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hany Rizkalla ◽  
Timothy Hui ◽  
Fred Hernandez ◽  
Matthew Yaquinto ◽  
Ramesh KeshavaBhattu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Rate Improvement ◽  
Combustion Systems

Abstract Renewables proliferation in the energy market is driving the need for flexibility in gas fired power plants to enable a wider and emissions compliant operability range. The ability for a gas fired plant to peak fire while maintaining emissions compliance, full life interval capability, improved simple and combined cycle heat rate and the ability to achieve extended turndown, positions a gas fired asset to benefit from an improved capacity factor, and overall economic viability in an increasingly renewables’ dependent energy market. The low pressure drop FlameSheet™ combustor variant’s implementation alongside PSM’s Gas Turbine Optimization Package (GTOP3.1) on a commercially operating frame 7FA heavy duty gas turbine in 2018 and as introduced in GT2019-91647, is presented with emphasis on extended validation of operational and emissions/tuning performance at different ambient conditions, higher peak firing and minimum load after one year of continuous commercial operation. The output and heat rate improvement achieved with the FlameSheet™/GTOP3.1 conversion thus enabling improved capacity is also discussed. As shale gas continue to grow as a dominant source of the U.S Natural gas supply, the need for fuel flexible combustion systems enabling tolerance to higher ethane/ethylene concentrations associated with Shale gas is required for improved operability. The adverse impact and means to mitigate such higher ethane/ethylene content on standard F-Class heavy duty combustion systems is also presented as part of said FlameSheet™/GTOP 3.1 conversion.

Introducing the 1S.W501G Single-Shaft Combined-Cycle Reference Power Plant

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Engelbert ◽  
Joseph J. Fadok ◽  
Robert A. Fuller ◽  
Bernd Lueneburg
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Fast Start ◽  
Plant Efficiency

Driven by the requirements of the US electric power market, the suppliers of power plants are challenged to reconcile both plant efficiency and operating flexibility. It is also anticipated that the future market will require more power plants with increased power density by means of a single gas turbine based combined-cycle plant. Paramount for plant efficiency is a highly efficient gas turbine and a state-of-the-art bottoming cycle, which are well harmonized. Also, operating and dispatch flexibility requires a bottoming cycle that has fast start, shutdown and cycling capabilities to support daily start and stop cycles. In order to meet these requirements the author’s company is responding with the development of the single-shaft 1S.W501G combined-cycle power plant. This nominal 400MW class plant will be equipped with the highly efficient W501G gas turbine, hydrogen-cooled generator, single side exhausting KN steam turbine and a Benson™ once-through heat recovery steam generator (Benson™-OT HRSG). The single-shaft 1S.W501G design will allow the plant not only to be operated economically during periods of high demand, but also to compete in the traditional “one-hour-forward” trading market that is served today only by simple-cycle gas turbines. By designing the plant with fast-start capability, start-up emissions, fuel and water consumption will be dramatically reduced. This Reference Power Plant (RPP) therefore represents a logical step in the evolution of combined-cycle power plant designs. It combines both the experiences of the well-known 50Hz single-shaft 1S.V94.3A plant with the fast start plant features developed for the 2.W501F multi-shaft RPP. The paper will address results of the single-shaft 1S.W501G development program within the authors’ company.

Parametric Analysis of Combined Cycles Equipped With Inlet Fogging

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bhargava ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
F. Melino ◽  
A. Peretto
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Power Enhancement ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Combined Cycles

In recent years, deregulation in the power generation market worldwide combined with significant variation in fuel prices and a need for flexibility in terms of power augmentation specially during periods of high electricity demand (summer months or noon to 6:00 p.m.) has forced electric utilities, cogenerators and independent power producers to explore new power generation enhancement technologies. In the last five to ten years, inlet fogging approach has shown more promising results to recover lost power output due to increased ambient temperature compared to the other available power enhancement techniques. This paper presents the first systematic study on the effects of both inlet evaporative and overspray fogging on a wide range of combined cycle power plants utilizing gas turbines available from the major gas turbine manufacturers worldwide. A brief discussion on the thermodynamic considerations of inlet and overspray fogging including the effect of droplet dimension is also presented. Based on the analyzed systems, the results show that high pressure inlet fogging influences performance of a combined cycle power plant using an aero-derivative gas turbine differently than with an advanced technology or a traditional gas turbine. Possible reasons for the observed differences are discussed.

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