Comparison of Solar Tracking and Fixed-Tilt Photovoltaic Modules in Lodz

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Sawicka-Chudy ◽  
Maciej Sibiński ◽  
Marian Cholewa ◽  
Ryszard Pawełek
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
High Production Cost

The world energy consumption has exhibited high growth over the last several decades. Alternative energy sources like photovoltaic (PV) systems generate electricity, reduce pollution air, and have little environmental impact. The commonly used fixed-tilt solar panels, however, have low efficiency and high production cost. Thus, it takes a long time to obtain a return on the investment. Solar trackers increase the efficiency of PV systems and are therefore more attractive from a financial point of view. In order to design tracking systems that will be efficient, it is necessary to analyze the results during various periods during the year and over their lifespan. Thus, we performed a comparative study between fixed-tilt panels and the tracking system installed in Lodz, Poland. Fixed-tilt panels are at normal to the Earth's surface (90 deg from horizontal plane) and are attached to a building façade, azimuth 180 deg (S direction) with 15 cm ventilation gap so slight efficiency drop may be presumed. We performed short- and long-term analyses of the solar tracking and fixed-tilt systems, which allowed us to conclude that the panels tracking the sun had an additional gain of energy during the year as compared to the fixed-tilt panels. During some months, however, the solar tracking system did not produce as much energy as the fixed-tilt, vertically positioned panels. These results might be useful in designing and constructing solar tracking PV systems.

scholarly journals Optimizing solar energy for houses with slanting type roofs

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 913
Author(s):  
Muhammed Sabri Salim
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Tracking Device

During the daily sun cycle, the falling rays are of varying intensity on the solar panel reducing the energy generated from it. This is evident in the energy production of solar panels that are installed on the slanted surfaces of homes scattered in the rain regions of the world. In this research, the reasons for the low efficiency of energy production of solar panels that are installed on the A-frame designs of homes were studied and solved. The design of an integrated tracking system is developed based on fuzzy logic control using an open source code that can be easily modified. The performance and characteristics of the solar tracking device are tested experimentally to test its suitability for use with slanted roofs homes. The integrated solar localization system offers economical and efficient solar monitoring, as well as open source programming, which allows for future improvements and changes. In addition, the single-axis fuzzy tracking system was good for moving both panels in less than five seconds towards the sun. The adoption of the proposed design provides an extremely accurate tracking system and therefore, maximizes the potential of power generated by the solar panel since it will meet the sun's rays from dawn to dusk. The economic effect of the proposed design is to approximately double the value of electrical power received compared to the fixed design.  

scholarly journals Design and Fabrication of Solar Tracking System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S Gaikwad ◽  
V. B Wagaj ◽  
R. H Kadam ◽  
V. M Ghaytidak ◽  
Y. B Kale
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Road Signs ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Important Means

Photovoltaic solar technology may be a multi-billion dollar clean, green and renewable energy industry, powering everything from road signs to entire cities. Solar cells themselves are essentially big PN-junction semiconductors, there’s plenty of advanced and rapidly evolving electronic engineering required to optimize the energy transfer from the roof top to the grid. This course covers the Fundamentals of grid-connected PV systems, with the aim of providing engineers with an honest overview of the technologies, topologies and electronics that structure such systems. Solar energy is extremely important means of expanding renewable energy resources. Solar may be a nonconventional source of energy, considering this we've developed solar panels in order that we will fulfil our electricity need. The problem above are often solved by our system by automatic tracking the solar power. The system architecture contains a LDR sensor senses max solar power. It is being given to the Microcontroller through the ADC. In which digitizes the LDR output. The Motor is employed to rotate the LDR to sense the max solar energy. A Solar Tracker is essentially a tool on to which solar panels are fitted which tracks the motion of the sun across the sky ensuring that the utmost amount of sunlight strikes the panels throughout the day. After finding the daylight, the tracker will attempt to navigate through the trail ensuring the simplest sunlight is detected. The objective is to development of an automatic solar tracking system whereby the system will caused solar panels. It will keep aligned with the daylight in order to maximize in harvesting solar power.

scholarly journals Production of Bio-ethanol from Solid Waste Paper Using Biological Activation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynu Shamil Awol ◽  
Rezika Tofike Abate
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Dilute Acid ◽  
Dilute Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Waste Office Paper

Abstract Biomass energy is renewable energy source that comes from the material of plants and animals. Forms of biomass energy are bio-ethanol, bio methanol, and biodiesel. Bio-ethanol is one of the most important alternative energy sources that substitute the fossil fuels. The focus of this research is to produce bio-ethanol from waste office paper. Five laboratory experiments were conducted to produce bio-ethanol from wastepaper. The wastepaper was dried in oven and cut in to pieces. Then it passed through dilute acid hydrolysis, fermentation and distillation process respectively. High amount of ethanol was observed at 20 ml/g (liquid to solid ratio) and at the time of 2hr. Cost and economic analysis for ethanol production from wastepaper was performed. Results from the analysis indicated a paper to ethanol plant was feasible from the economic point of view with rate of return (RR) 38.61% and the payback period of 2.2 years.

scholarly journals Optimized Single-Axis Schedule Solar Tracker in Different Weather Conditions

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5226
Author(s):  
Nurzhigit Kuttybay ◽  
Ahmet Saymbetov ◽  
Saad Mekhilef ◽  
Madiyar Nurgaliyev ◽  
Didar Tukymbekov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Rainy Weather ◽  
Solar Tracker ◽  
One Year

Improving the efficiency of solar panels is the main task of solar energy generation. One of the methods is a solar tracking system. One of the most important parameters of tracking systems is a precise orientation to the Sun. In this paper, the performance of single-axis solar trackers based on schedule and light dependent resistor (LDR) photosensors, as well as a stationary photovoltaic installation in various weather conditions, were compared. A comparative analysis of the operation of a manufactured schedule solar tracker and an LDR solar tracker in different weather conditions was performed; in addition, a simple method for determining the rotation angle of a solar tracker based on the encoder was proposed. Finally, the performance of the manufactured solar trackers was calculated, taking into account various weather conditions for one year. The proposed single-axis solar tracker based on schedule showed better results in cloudy and rainy weather conditions. The obtained results can be used for designing solar trackers in areas with a variable climate.

A Solar Automatic Tracking System Design Based on FPGA

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Jun Feng Zhu ◽  
Yue Wen Liu ◽  
Wen Bing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
System Design ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Automatic Tracking ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Solar Energy Utilization ◽  
Tracking Devices

In order to improve the solar energy utilization, in the respect of technology, we should perfect solar tracking devices, realization of the sunlight is always vertical to the solar panels. This paper is to design a kind of solar automatic tracking system. Design adopts the traditional photoelectric tracking method, with the FPGA as the core, and by using the methods of scheduled monitoring, achieve precise control of stepping motor, thereby promoting the solar panels rotate remains vertical to the sun, which can effectively improve the efficiency of solar power systems.

Assessment of the Energy Gain of Photovoltaic Systems by Using Solar Tracking in Equatorial Regions

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Freddy Ordóñez ◽  
Carlos Morales ◽  
Jesús López-Villada ◽  
Santiago Vaca
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Solar Arrays ◽  
The North ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Solar tracking is a major alternative to increase the electric output of a photovoltaic (PV) module, and therefore, improves the global energy collected by PV systems. Nonetheless, solar-tracking PV systems require more resources and energy than static systems. Additionally, the presence of cloudiness and shadows from near buildings may reduce the profitability of these systems. Therefore, their feasibility must be assessed in order to justify their application. In equatorial latitudes, the sun's movement through the sky is in the zenith East–West axis. It may be advantageous, since the best tilt in such latitudes is the horizontal. In these terms, the main objective of this research is to numerically assess the performance of a PV array with solar tracking and under typical operation conditions in equatorial latitudes. For this, the assessment of the solar resource in Quito was analyzed in first place. Then, the comparison between three solar arrays was studied to evaluate the feasibility of solar tracking (two-axes tracking, horizontal one-axis tracking, and horizontal fixed). Additionally, the impact of cloudiness and shadows in the system was analyzed. The results showed that the horizontal one-axis tracking is the most beneficial option for equatorial latitudes as the two-axes tracking system only surpasses the gains of the one-axis tracking marginally. Furthermore, the use of a strategy to place the PV modules horizontally in cloudy conditions seems to be marginally advantageous. Finally, the shadows created from neighboring buildings in the East and West of the system may reduce considerably the solar irradiation on the PV-array (not the ones in the north and south).

Design and Implementation of Dual-Axis Solar Tracking System with GSM Fault Reporting Capability

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu En Wu ◽  
Kuo Chan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Elevation Angle ◽  
Azimuth Angle ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Solar Tracking

This paper presents a smart dual-axis solar tracking system, its architecture includes sensors, embedded controllers, AC motors, Integrated electric putter design biaxial institutions, and the GSM automatic report of fault notification, to achieve autonomous tracking solar track system and adjust the solar panels to reach the maximum smooth by tracking the solar azimuth angle and elevation angle, and ensure that the solar panels with the sun to maintain the vertical in any time and any place, thus achieving the best power efficiency. This system proposed a dual-axis design, and an embedded controller used as the main system controller to detect voltage difference and determine the solar azimuth angle with four groups of CDS as a sensing element. To lock the sun, the solar panels be perpendicular via the moving of AC motor (EW) and motorized faders (north-south). The control system software using C language can be extremely fast and accurate tracking of the solar angle, and dual-axis operation with recovery mode to save the power loss. Finally, we have the actual analysis and verification of benefit of power generation in this paper, from this experimental results, we can verify the integration of build dual-axis solar tracking system and solar power system have promoted 30% generating power capacity more than fixed solar power system and has low failure rate. It can improve the problem of traditional tracking system reliability and greatly enhance the usefulness of this system.

scholarly journals FIRE EXTINGUISHING AND OTHER URGENT WORK IN ELECTRIC CARS

Fire Safety ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
O. V. Lazarenko ◽  
O. D. Synelnikov ◽  
I. M. Bykov ◽  
A. S. Kuskovets
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Scientific Results

The development of modern technologies simultaneously with the improvement of the conditions of human existence creates additional risks that had been solved to ensure the safety and comfortable conditions of people's stay. One of these areas of human development is the gradual transition to alternative energy sources and modes of transport, including electric vehicles. Modern versions of electric vehicles, by their tactical and technical characteristics, practically do not concede cars with engines of internal combustion, but the research shows that from the point of view of fire safety and tactics of firefighting, the batteries of electric cars require some other approaches and algorithms for carrying out of emergency rescue works. Considering the modern experience and experimental results of research on the tactics of firefighting of electric vehicles, it turned out that the normative intensity of water supply (aqueous solutions) should be increased and make not less than 1,2 l/(c·m2). An increase in the normative intensity of water supply requires the fire-extinguishing chief to ensure in advance the uninterrupted supply of the extinguishing agent to the fire brigade, necessarily installing a tanker truck on a fire hydrant or reservoir. The specificity of the extinguishing of electric cars also shows the ineffectiveness of the use of a fire-extinguishing agent of air-mechanical foam and the necessity of compulsory dismantling of the battery pack of an electric vehicle after the elimination of the fire. The main results of the work are summarized in the general list of the algorithm of actions of the fireextinguishing chief after his arrival at the place of the emergency related to the ignition of electric vehicles. Compliance by the fire-extinguishing chief of the given algorithm of action will minimize the risks for the personnel of the rescue unit and accelerate the elimination of the fire. Accordingly, to the analysis and scientific results, the future directions of scientific research should be aimed: at improving the algorithm of action and tactics of elimination the fire of electric cars, the development of technical devices for extinguishing the battery of electric cars, the development of automatic fire extinguishing of electric cars, the development of more effective fire extinguishing means for extinguishing the rechargeable battery of electric cars.

scholarly journals Solar Tracking System Untuk Lampu Taman STMIK AUB Surakarta Berbasis Arduino Uno

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Robby Rachmatullah ◽  
Dessyana Kardha ◽  
Dani Triwiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Arduino Uno ◽  
To Receive

The transfer of electrical energy sources from non-renewable fossil fuels to alternative renewable fuels can be made by utilizing solar energy. The working system of arduino uno solar tracking system for STMIK AUB garden lights is by capturing solar energy through solar panels which are then stored inside the battery where the charging process is controlled by solar charge controller. LDR functions to receive and identify the radiated light quantities which are then forwarded into the arduino uno and processed to drive the DC motor that has become one with the solar panel. If the day begins to darken the LDR will inform the arduino uno and then it will be processed by arduino uno to turn on the DC light.

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