Analysis Method for Impact and Dispersion Behavior of Water-Filled Tank

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidekazu Takazawa ◽  
Kazuma Hirosaka ◽  
Katsumasa Miyazaki ◽  
Norihide Tohyama ◽  
Naomi Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Velocity Ratio ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Dispersion Pattern ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Cylindrical Tank ◽  
Dispersion Behavior ◽  
The Impact

A new Japanese nuclear regulation involves estimating the possible damage to plant structures due to intentional aircraft impact. The effect of aircraft impact needs to be considered in the existing nuclear power plants. The structural damage and fuel dispersion behavior after aircraft impact into plant structures can be evaluated using finite element analysis (FEA). FEA needs validated experimental data to determine the reliability of the results. In this study, an analysis method was validated using a simple model such as a cylindrical tank. Numerical simulations were conducted to evaluate the impact and dispersion behavior of a water-filled cylindrical tank. The simulated results were compared with the test results of the VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT). The simulations were carried out using a multipurpose FEA code LS-DYNA®. The cylindrical tank was modeled using a shell element, and the tank water was modeled using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) elements. First, two analysis models were used to evaluate the effect of the number of SPH elements. One had about 300,000 SPH elements and the other had 37,000 SPH elements. The cylindrical tank ruptured in the longitudinal direction after crashing into a rigid wall, and the filled water dispersed. There were few differences in the simulated results when using different numbers of SPH elements. The VTT impact test was simulated with an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) element to consider the air drag. The analytical dispersion pattern and history of dispersion velocity ratio agreed well with the impact test results.

Development of Analysis Method for Impact and Splash Behavior of Water-Filled Tank

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidekazu Takazawa ◽  
Kazuma Hirosaka ◽  
Katsumasa Miyazaki ◽  
Norihide Tohyama ◽  
Naomi Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Velocity Ratio ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Cylindrical Tank ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Impact

A new Japanese nuclear regulation requirement prepares estimating the possible damage to plant structures due to acts of terrorism, such as intentional aircraft impact. Aircraft impact needs to be considered in existing nuclear power plants. The structural damage and fuel splash behavior after aircraft impact into plant structures can be estimated using finite element analysis (FEA). FEA needs validated experimental data to determine the reliability of results. In this study, an analysis method was validated using a simple model such as a cylindrical tank. Numerical simulations were conducted to estimate the impact and splash behavior for a water-filled cylindrical tank. The simulated results were compared with the test results of the VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. Simulations were carried out using a multipurpose FEA code LS-DYNA®. The cylindrical tank was modeled using a shell element, and filled water was modeled using a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) element. First, two analysis models were used to estimate the effect of the number of SPH elements. One was generated with about 300,000 SPH elements. The other was generated with 37,000 SPH elements. The cylindrical tank ruptured in the longitudinal direction after impact into a rigid wall, and the filled water splashed. Few differences emerged in the simulated results using different numbers of SPH elements. The impact test of the VTT was simulated with an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) element to consider the air drag. The analytical splash pattern and history of splash velocity ratio agreed well with the impact test results.

Research on the Iron Losses in Variable-Frequency Motor

2014 ◽  
Vol 494-495 ◽  
pp. 1482-1486
Author(s):  
Xiao Li Luo ◽  
Wan Tai Liu ◽  
Hui Fang Zhou ◽  
Sheng Hua Luo
Keyword(s):  
Skin Effect ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Variable Frequency ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Iron Losses ◽  
Prototype Test ◽  
Harmonic Analysis Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Theoretical Results

In this paper, faced with the modeling problems of analysis and calculation for iron losses in variable-frequency motor under no-sinusoidal excitation, the author points out a method that the iron losses can be calculated under any magnetic field ,that is waveform-Harmonic analysis method. In consideration of the impact of Power supply harmonics, Core saturation and Skin Effect, the author proposes a new parameter -- Harmonic Loss Correction Factor. From the comparisons between the prototype test results and the theoretical results show that this method has high accuracy and strong feasibility.

scholarly journals CAE Modeling Rubber-metal Body Mounting of the Body-on-frame Car in Crash Simulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Test ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rigid Connection ◽  
Metal Body ◽  
Stiffness Characteristics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Crash Tests

The aim of the study was to research the behavior of the rubber-metal body mounting under various modeling options and to select the optimal, from the point of view of ensuring the accuracy of the results in the crash tests simulations. Body supports provide a link between the body and the car frame, and this has a critical effect on the impact test results of the car. The article discusses various options for modeling the body mounting by the degree of simplification from the simplest model with a rigid connection between the body and the frame to the model that takes into account the non-linearity of the stiffness characteristics of the supports, contact interaction between parts of the mounting and its surrounding parts, tension of the supports and failure. The results of virtual tests of a car with various options for modeling mountings were compared with the results of real tests. As a result of the study, a methodology for modeling the body supports was developed, which allows providing the necessary measurement error in virtual crash test modeling.

scholarly journals Impact, Hardness and Fracture Morphology of Aluminium Alloy (Al-Si) filled Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles at Various Stir Casting Temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Mardy Suhandani ◽  
Poppy Puspitasari ◽  
Jeefferie Abd Razak
Keyword(s):  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Fracture Morphology ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Coo Nanoparticles

The automotive and aviation fields require engineering materials that can save and optimise fuel consumption. Unique characteristics of lightweight, higher strength to weight ratio, good corrosion resistance, and good castability are indispensable for castable metal such as Silicon Aluminium (Al-Si). The mechanical properties of Al-Si could be further improved through the addition of Cobalt Oxide (CoO) nanoparticles during the casting process. The importance and purpose of this study were to determine the impact toughness, hardness and fracture morphology of Al-Si metal alloy filled with 0.015 wt.% CoO nanofiller at the various melting temperature of 750 °C, 800 °C and 850 °C. The stir casting method was utilised considering the most appropriate method for mixing nanoparticles powder into the Al-Si matrix. Three test specimens were prepared for each temperature variation. Impact testing using the Charpy method (ASTM E23-56 T) and hardness testing using Rockwell Superficial HR15T and fracture morphology obtained from impact testing fractures were performed accordingly. The impact test results showed that the Al-Si added with 0.015% CoO at 800 °C of melting temperature possessed the highest impact toughness value of 25.111 x 10-3 Joule mm-2 than the other variations. The hardness test results showed that Al-Si added 0.015% CoO with a melting temperature of 850 °C had the highest hardness value of 79.52 HR15T. The fracture morphology of the impact test in all specimens shows uniform brittle fracture characteristics. It is found that the melting temperature during the stir-casting process of Al-Si has played a significant role in influencing the resulted properties of Al-Si filled CoO nanoparticles metal matrix composites. The selection of an accurate melting temperature for the stir casting process will affect the resulted properties of produced metal composites.

Locomotive Crash Energy Management Vehicle-to-Vehicle Impact Test Results

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Llana ◽  
Karina Jacobsen ◽  
Richard Stringfellow
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Vehicle To Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Vehicle Impact ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Research to develop new technologies for increasing the safety of passengers and crew in rail equipment is being directed by the Federal Railroad Administration’s (FRA’s) Office of Research, Development, and Technology. Two crash energy management (CEM) components that can be integrated into the end structure of a locomotive have been developed: a push-back coupler (PBC) and a deformable anti-climber (DAC). These components are designed to inhibit override in the event of a collision. The results of vehicle-to-vehicle override, where the strong underframe of one vehicle, typically a locomotive, impacts the weaker superstructure of the other vehicle, can be devastating and compromise the occupied space. The objective of this research program is to demonstrate the feasibility of these components in improving crashworthiness for equipped locomotives in a wide range of potential collisions, including collisions with conventional locomotives, conventional cab cars, and freight equipment. Concerns have been raised in discussions with industry that push-back couplers may trigger prematurely, or may require replacement due to unintentional activation as a result of loads experienced during service and coupling. PBCs are designed with trigger loads which exceed the expected maximum service and coupling loads experienced by conventional couplers. Analytical models are typically used to determine these trigger loads. Two sets of coupling tests have been conducted that validate these models, one with a conventional locomotive equipped with conventional draft gear and coupler, and another with a conventional locomotive retrofit with a PBC. These tests provide a basis for comparing the coupling performance of a CEM-equipped locomotive with that of a conventional locomotive, as well as confirmation that the PBC triggers at a speed well above typical coupling speeds and at the designed force level. In addition to the two sets of coupling tests, two vehicle-to-vehicle collision tests where one of the vehicles is a CEM-equipped locomotive and a train-to-train collision test are planned. This arrangement of tests allows for evaluation of CEM-equipped locomotive performance, and enables comparison of actual collision behavior with predictions from computer models in a range of collision scenarios. This paper describes the results of the most recent test in the research program: the first vehicle-to-vehicle impact test. In this test, a CEM-equipped locomotive impacted a stationary conventional locomotive. The primary objective of the test was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the components of the CEM system in working together to absorb impact energy and to prevent override in a vehicle-to-vehicle collision scenario. The target impact speed was 21 mph. The actual speed of the test was 19.3 mph. Despite the lower test speed, the CEM system worked exactly as designed, successfully absorbing energy and keeping the vehicles in-line, with no derailment and no signs of override. The damage sustained during the collision is described. Prior to the tests, a finite element model was developed to predict the behavior of the CEM components and test vehicles during the impact. The test results are compared to pre-test model predictions. The model was updated with the conditions from the test, resulting in good agreement between the updated model and the test results. Plans for future full-scale collision tests are discussed.

Computer Simulation of a Transportation Package Impacting Concrete and Soil Targets

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Huang ◽  
S. S. Shiraga ◽  
L. M. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hypothetical Accident ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Accident Conditions ◽  
The Impact

This paper compares transportation mockup cask impact test results onto real surfaces with FEA numerical simulation results. The impact test results are from a series of cask impact tests that were conducted by Sandia National Laboratories (Gonzales 1987). The Sandia tests were conducted with a half-scale instrumented cask mockup impacting an essentially unyielding surface, in-situ soil, concrete runways, and concrete highways. The cask numerical simulations with these same surfaces are conducted with ABAQUS/Explicit, Version 5.8, The results are then compared and evaluated to access the viability of using numerical simulation to predict the impact behavior of transportation casks under hypothetical accident conditions.

scholarly journals DYNAMIC IMPACT WEAR AND IMPACT RESISTANCE OF W-B-C COATINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Josef Daniel ◽  
Jan Grossman ◽  
Vilma Buršíková ◽  
Lukáš Zábranský ◽  
Pavel Souček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Test ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dynamic Impact ◽  
Impact Deformation ◽  
The Impact

Coated components used in industry are often exposed to repetitive dynamic impact load. The dynamic impact test is a suitable method for the study of thin protective coatings under such conditions. Aim of this paper is to describe the method of dynamic impact testing and the novel concepts of evaluation of the impact test results, such as the impact resistance and the impact deformation rate. All of the presented results were obtained by testing two W-B-C coatings with different C/W ratio. Different impact test results are discussed with respect to the coatings microstructure, the chemical and phase composition, and the mechanical properties. It is shown that coating adhesion to the HSS substrate played a crucial role in the coatings’ impact lifetime.

scholarly journals Using the Plate-Creep test to determine the impact strength properties of concrete

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Gökçe ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Creep Test ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Repetitive Impact ◽  
The Impact

The paper aims to design a concrete against repetitive impact and abrasion resistance. Macro/micro steel fibers and two types of crushed stone based on limestone and corundum as aggregate were used in concrete mixtures. Impact test device has been modified, designed and used for impact strength testing of concrete. The usability of the plate creep test in determining the impact strength of concrete was also investigated. According to the test results, a high correlation was found between the abrasion, impact resistance tests and the creep test.

Dynamic Response of Curved Laminated Plates Subjected to Low Velocity Impact

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Ramkumar ◽  
Y. R. Thakar
Keyword(s):  
Impact Test ◽  
Laminated Plates ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Governing Equations ◽  
Transverse Impact ◽  
Flat Plates ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Rigid Object ◽  
The Impact

An analysis to predict the transient response of a thin, curved laminated plate subjected to low velocity transverse impact by a rigid object is presented. The contact force history due to the impact phenomenon is assumed to be a known imput to the analysis. The coupled governing equations, in terms of the Airy stress function and shell deformation, are solved using Fourier series expansions for the variables. Closed-form analytical solutions for plate deflections and strains are compared with available impact test results for flat plates. Outer ply strains are used to predict fiber failures and matrix splitting between fibers in the impacted laminate.

Study on the Microstructure and Properties of Fe-C-Si and Fe-C-Al Cast Irons

2011 ◽  
Vol 264-265 ◽  
pp. 1933-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Shaha ◽  
Mohammad M. Haque ◽  
Ahsan Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Alloy System ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Microstructure And Properties ◽  
Cast Product ◽  
The Impact

Two types of cast irons with Fe-C-Si and Fe-C-Al. alloy systems were investigated in the present study. In order to modify the microstructure and properties of cast iron, Al was added to low silicon pig iron that is in Fe-C-Al (Sorel metal) alloy system. Its effect was then studied with comparing to normal Fe-C-Si alloy system. Both cast irons were produced in sand mould of suitable design to provide all information regarding the structure and properties. The microstructure was analyzed using optical microscope which showed the distribution of graphite flakes in pearlite or ferro-pearlite matrix. The size of the graphite flakes in Fe-C-Al system was smaller and more evenly distributed compared to the Fe-C-Si alloy system. The cast product was also characterized by using XRD. The maximum hardness of the Fe-C-Al alloy was measured as 110.2 HRB compared to 89.32 HRB of the conventional Fe-C-Si alloy system. The impact test results showed that Fe-C-Al cast iron has higher impact property than Fe-C-Si cast iron.

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