Investigating the Potential of Recycling Flare-Source Hydrocarbon Gases in an Industrial Burner

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Fahd M. Mohamed ◽  
Fadwa T. Eljack ◽  
Samer F. Ahmed ◽  
Saud Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Profile ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Fuel Feed ◽  
Fuel Source

Abstract Flare gas is considered a global environmental concern. Flaring contributes to wasting limited material and energy resources, economic loss and greenhouse gas emissions. Utilizing flared gas as fuel feed to industrial cracking furnaces grants advantages in terms of fuel economy and emissions reduction. This work presents the results obtained by ANSYS fluent simulation of a flare hydrocarbon gas utilized in a steam cracking furnace of ethylene process when combusting hydrocarbons flare gas in a low NOx burner. In addition, the study determined the suitability of different hydrocarbon fuel mixtures in satisfying the required adiabatic flame temperature. The flared stream is assumed to be inlet from both primary and secondary staged fuel burners. The simulation results illustrated the detailed temperature profiles along the furnace flue gas side. They also presented the influence of flare stream compositions and Wobbe Index (WI) on the temperature profile. It was found that having an alternative fuel with a heating value or WI similar to that of methane would not result in the same temperature profile of methane, as a current fuel source. In addition, using different excess air percentages has no linear effect on the burner’s temperature profile. However, the results showed that the best replacement of methane, as the main fuel source, is a flare mixture with the same WI of methane as well as a certain H2 content needs to be added to every flare mixture composition to reach the same temperature profile of methane

scholarly journals The Temperature Profile of Rectangular Fuel Source Jet Fire with Different Aspect Ratio

2018 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 280-287
Author(s):  
You-bo Huang ◽  
Yan-feng Li ◽  
Bing-yan Dong
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Temperature Profile ◽  
Fuel Source

Radiation Heat Transfer Environment in Fire and Furnace Tests of Radioactive Materials Packages

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Radiation Heat Transfer ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Radiation Environment ◽  
Radiation Heat ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
Fire Event ◽  
Fire Environment ◽  
Accident Conditions

The Hypothetical Accident Conditions (HAC) sequential tests of radioactive materials (RAM) packages includes a thermal test to confirm the ability of the package to withstand a transportation fire event. The test specified by the regulations (10 CFR 71) consists of a 30 minute, all engulfing, hydrocarbon fuel fire, with an average flame temperature of at least 800°C. The requirements specify an average emissivity for the fire of at least 0.9, which implies an essentially black radiation environment. Alternate tests which provide equivalent total heat input at the 800°C time averaged environmental temperature may also be employed. When alternate tests methods are employed, such as furnace or gaseous fuel fires, the equivalence of the radiation environment may require justification. The effects of furnace and open confinement fire environments are compared with the regulatory fire environment, including the effects of gases resulting from decomposition of package overpack materials. The results indicate that furnace tests can produce the required radiation heat transfer environment, i.e., equivalent to the postulated pool fire. An open enclosure, with transparent (low emissivity) fire does not produce an equivalent radiation environment.

Theoretical Assessment of Convective and Radiative Heat Losses in a One-Dimensional Multiregion Premixed Flame With Counter-Flow Design Crossing Through Biofuel Particles

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Bidabadi ◽  
Saman Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Sadegh Sadeghi ◽  
Mostafa Setareh
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Profile ◽  
Radiative Heat ◽  
Flame Structure ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Flame Velocity ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Interface Matching ◽  
Energy Balances ◽  
Stagnation Plane

Due to perspective of biomass usage as a viable source of energy, this paper suggests a potential theoretical approach for studying multiregion nonadiabatic premixed flames with counterflow design crossing through the mixture of air (oxidizer) and lycopodium particles (biofuel). In this research, convective and radiative heat losses are analytically described. Due to the properties of lycopodium, roles of drying and vaporization are included so that the flame structure is created from preheating, drying, vaporization, reaction, and postflame regions. To follow temperature profile and mass fraction of the biofuel in solid and gaseous phases, dimensionalized and nondimensionalized forms of mass and energy balances are expressed. To ensure the continuity and calculate the positions of drying, vaporization, and flame fronts, interface matching conditions are derived employing matlab and mathematica software. For validation purpose, results for temperature profile is compared with those provided in a previous research study and an appropriate is observed under the same conditions. Finally, changes in flame velocity, flame temperature, solid and gaseous fuel mass fractions, and particle size with position measured from the position of stagnation plane, strain rate, and heat transfer coefficient in the presence/absence of losses are evaluated.

scholarly journals Pengaruh dimensi kompor dan kadar air biomassa terhadap kinerja kompor gasifikasi forced draft

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Z Zulfansyah ◽  
H Hermanto ◽  
Muhammad Iwan Fermi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
Forced Draft ◽  
Fuel Source

Influence of stove dimensions and biomass moisture content on forced draft gasification stove performanceConsumption level of biomass as a source of primary energy in Indonesia is quite high, reaching 280 million barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) and approximately 84% of the biomass is has been used for the household sector. The application of gasification stove especially in cooking purposes can increase the efficiency of fuel usage. This research uses three units gasification stove with variation of stove dimension. Acacia wood branches with moisture content 7.26%, 9.63% and 12.58% were used as fuel source. Water boiling test (WBT) procedural was used to evaluate the stove performance. Operating time and flame temperature of the stove also were the parameter of stove performance evaluation. Thermal efficiency of the forced draft gasification stove is approximately 25.03% to 30.44%, the most efficient is 12 cm in diameter and 16 cm high stove with 9.63% biomass moisture content. Although the resulting flame is still reddish yellow, the forced draft gasification stove is capable of producing up to 3.43 kWth (kilowatt thermal) thermal energy with the highest flame temperature reaches 933oC. The results show that the gasification stove operating conditions greatly affect the performance of the stove.Keywords: biomass, gasification stove, forced draft, thermal efficiency AbstrakTingkat penggunaan biomassa sebagai sumber energi primer di Indonesia cukup tinggi yaitu mencapai 280 juta setara barel minyak (SBM) dan sekitar 84% dari biomassa tersebut digunakan untuk kebutuhan sektor rumah tangga. Penggunaan kompor gasifikasi untuk kebutuhan rumah tangga khususnya untuk kegiatan memasak dapat meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan bahan bakar. Pada penelitian ini digunakan tiga unit kompor gasifikasi dengan variasi dimensi ruang bakar kompor. Sedangkan bahan bakar yang digunakan yaitu ranting kayu akasia dengan kadar air 7,26%, 9,63% dan 12,58%. Metoda pengujian mengikuti prosedur water boiling test (WBT), selain itu waktu operasi dan temperatur nyala api juga menjadi parameter kinerja kompor gasifikasi yang dievaluasi. Efisiensi termal kompor gasifikasi forced draft yang dihasilkan yaitu 25,03% hingga 30,44%, dengan efisiensi tertinggi yaitu pada kompor berdiameter 12 cm dan tinggi 16 cm serta biomassa berkadar air 9,63%. Walaupun nyala api yang dihasilkan masih berwarna kuning kemerahan, namun kompor gasifikasi forced draft mampu menghasilkan energi termal hingga 3,43 kWth (kilowatt thermal) dengan temperatur nyala api tertinggi mencapai 933oC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi operasi kompor gasifikasi sangat berpengaruh terhadap kinerja kompor sehingga disain kondisi operasi kompor perlu disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pengguna kompor gasifikasi. Kata kunci: biomassa, kompor gasifikasi, forced draft, efisiensi termal

scholarly journals Numerical modelling of non-premixed biogas and LPG combustion to study carbon nanostructures formation in flame

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
◽  
Jyoti Bharj ◽  
Rabinder S. Bharj ◽  
Rajan Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Diffusion Flames ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Navier Stokes Equation ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Burner Exit ◽  
Fuel Flow

This work presents the numerical simulation of biogas and LPG fuelled diffusion flames in an axisymmetric chamber to study in-depth, the formation mechanism of soot and carbon nanostructures in these flames. The simulation is formulated on the set of transport equations that involve the equations for conservation of mass (the continuity equation), momentum (Navier-Stokes equation), energy, and chemical species. The governing equations are solved using ANSYS FLUENT, which is centered on the finite volume method. To predict the soot formation, one step soot model has been incorporated. The solution of these equations permits the estimation of temperature field and species concentrations inside the flame. Simulation is conducted at fixed fuel flow rate and varied oxygen flow rates. The results reveal that the formation of soot and carbon nanostructures is strongly dependent on peak flame temperature and concentration of precursor species formed in the flame. Since two fuels produce an exclusive chemical environment in the flame, the flame temperature and CO concentration that is conducive to the growth of carbon nanostructures is higher for LPG fuel as compared to that for biogas. Hence, the nucleation process of carbon nanostructures is faster for LPG than biogas. Moreover, the reactions taking place inside the flame at different locations can also be predicted from flame temperature and species concentration at that location. Pyrolysis of fuel occur near the burner exit, followed by the nucleation and surface growth of carbon nanostructures in the nearby region and oxidation of formed carbon nanostructures near the flame tip.

scholarly journals Thermal Performance of Micro-Pulsating Heat Pipe

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2786-2791
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Temperature Profile ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Pulsating Heat Pipe ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Vof Model ◽  
Flow Circulation

In this study, thermal performance of MPHP is investigated computationally. A case with 0.7mm hydraulic diameter with 7 turns is considered for the study. Simulation is carried out using ANSYS-FLUENT® software by considering water as working fluid with the help of VOF model. Computational study shows the oscillation of fluid inside and formation of new vapor slugs. The heat input is varied from 1.2 W to 4.8 W in the step of 1.2. Flow circulation inside the MPHP is not unidirectional and frequently changes with the pressure disturbance created in the channels. The temperature profile from computational study shows the startup condition is changing with heat input. Thermal resistance of the MPHP decreases with increase in heat input and the corresponding thermal resistance found to be varied from 3.94 to 3.65 K/W.

scholarly journals ESTIMATIVA DA TEMPERATURA ADIABÁTICA DE CHAMA DA FORNALHA DE UMA CALDEIRA SIDERÚRGICA INDUSTRIAL

e-xacta ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Fabri Turetta ◽  
Andréa Oliveira Souza da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Adiabatic Temperature ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Fuel Feed ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Thermoelectric Plant ◽  
Industrial Boiler ◽  
By Products ◽  
Lower Heating

<p>A indústria siderúrgica produz quatro subprodutos com significativa capacidade de geração de energia. Esses subprodutos podem ser utilizados como combustível na caldeira siderúrgica, equipamento da central termoelétrica. O objetivo deste estudo é propor uma modelagem para estimar a temperatura adiabática da chama da fornalha de uma caldeira siderúrgica com a variação de ar e combustível disponível. A técnica empregada consiste no princípio da Primeira Lei da Termodinâmica. O balanço de energia do sistema foi proposto definindo assim o modelo. A solução do modelo possibilita estimar a temperatura adiabática do sistema. Na indústria, a temperatura adiabática é determinada pelo poder calorífico inferior dos combustíveis. A metodologia proposta neste estudo faz com que não sejam necessários levantamentos experimentais do poder calorífico inferior. Os valores da temperatura adiabática simulados indicam que utilizar condições operacionais distintas na alimentação do combustível e do ar podem afetar significativamente o valor deste parâmetro. Nas simulação com a variação de ar, nota-se que a temperatura adiabática decresce com o acréscimo do excesso de ar. Tal resultado é esperado, uma vez que o aumento da massa, contida no sistema, diminui a eficiência energética do processo. Conclui-se que a metodologia proposta provou ser eficaz de descrever o sistema quando diferentes condições de alimentação são adotadas.</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRACT</p>Steel industry produces four by-products with significant capacity of energy generation. These products can be used as fuel at steel boiler, equipment thermoelectric plant. The objective of this study is to propose a modeling to estimate the adiabatic flame temperature furnace’s of an industrial boiler steelmaking with the variation of available air and fuel. The technique employed consists in principle of the First Law of Thermodynamics. The system's energy balance was proposed thus defining the model. The solution’s model enables to estimate the system’s  temperature of the adiabatic. In industry, the adiabatic temperature is determined by the fuel’s lower heating value. The methodology proposed in this study makes is not necessary experimental surveys of the lower heating value. The values at the adiabatic temperature simulated to indicate that use different operating conditions in the feed of fuel and air can significantly affect the value of this parameter. In the simulation with the variation in air, it is noted that the adiabatic temperature decreases with the increase of excess air. This result is expected since the increase of the mass contained in the system decreases the energy efficiency of the process. It is concluded that the methodology proved to be effective to describe the system when different air and fuel feed are adopted.

Numerical Analysis of Effect of Preheat and Swirl of Inlet Air on Temperature Profile in Canister Burner

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Shaiful Ashrul Ishak ◽  
Mohammad Nazri Mohd. Jaafar ◽  
Wan Zaidi Wan Omar
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Temperature Profile ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Recirculation Region ◽  
Mixing Enhancement ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Swirl Angle ◽  
Air Mixing

The main purpose of this paper is to study the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) prediction on temperature distribution inside the canister burner with inlet air pre-heating of 100K and 250K while varying the swirl angle of the radial swirler. Air swirler adds sufficient swirling to the inlet flow to generate central recirculation region (CRZ) which is necessary for flame stability and fuel air mixing enhancement. Therefore, designing an appropriate air swirler is a challenge to produce stable, efficient and low emission combustion with low pressure losses. A liquid fuel burner system with different radial air swirler with 280 mm inside diameter combustor of 1000 mm length has been investigated. Analysis were carried out using four different radial air swirlers having 30°, 40°, 50° and 60° vane angles. The flow behavior was investigated numerically using CFD solver Ansys Fluent. This study has provided characteristic insight into the distribution of temperature inside the combustion chamber. Results show that with the inlet air preheat before the combustion, the temperature distribution inside the canister would stabilize early into the chamber with higher swirl number (SN) compared without inlet air preheat. As for the inlet air preheat, the main effects are the resulting temperatures in the canister are higher, but there is a smaller hot-spot in the flame. This means that the temperature profile in the chamber is well distributed.

Influence of construction parameters on heating process in air tuyere blast channel of the blast furnace

2020 ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
V.N. Titov ◽  
◽  
A.E. Titliyanov ◽  
I.A. Levitsky ◽  
A.I. Ternovikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Fuel Feed ◽  
Air Tuyere ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Feed Angle ◽  
Coal Dust Fuel

Ansys Fluent 18.2 software was used to simulate PAO NLMK air tuyere functioning. It was established that 5 degrees hot air feed angle and 22 mm inner nipple diameter for natural gas feeding are rational. It was recom-mended to increase coal dust fuel feed angle till 20 degrees, to decrease dis-tance between natural gas nipple and flange till 30 mm.

Liquid Biofuels: Sustainable Development Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (58) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulcsú Reményik ◽  
Vasa László ◽  
Dávid Lóránt ◽  
Varga Imre
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Development Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Expensive Process ◽  
Fuel Source

The ecological footprint of Hungary is close to the European average and we expect further growth. The projects of the Széchenyi 2020 program and the Hungarian Multinational Oil and Gas Company (MOL) promote the development of the green economy provide significant subsidies. The depletion of petroleum-derived fuel and environmental concern has promoted to look over the biofuel as an alternative fuel source. However, the production of biofuels is an expensive process. The rapid spread of biofuels created an agricultural expansion, contributing to rising water demands; however, that was already a serious international problem. The competition for agricultural areas has an impact of price increment because the excessive rate of energy crops can replace not only the same kinds of food crops but other (for example fodder) varieties. In our evaluation, the third generation of biofuels seems the ultimate solution for us in the following 25-30 years’ period.

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