IGCC for Brown Coals With Supercritical Steam Turbine

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stastny ◽  
J. Kucera ◽  
Z. Hrdina ◽  
D. Hanus
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Brown Coal ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Supercritical Steam Parameters ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Brown Coals ◽  
Steam Parameters ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

The paper deals with the IGCC for brown coal (BC) with simultaneous improvement of the steam cycle by the usage of supercritical steam parameters. Two gasifiers with a fluidized bed are used with outlet syngas temperature about 900°C. Main part of the paper is focused on the arrangement and optimization of the IGCC with net total electrical output 454.7 MW and with supercritical inlet parameters 260 bar, 580°C/600°C of steam turbine. The energy sources for the steam part of the cycle are HRSGs downstream of two gas turbines at 122.6 MW each and two raw gas coolers downstream of two gasifiers. The thermal efficiency of this IGCC is on LHV basis about 49.0%. Utilization of brown coal (BC) energy in described IGCC is by 4.7% higher than in steam power station with the same parameters. This IGCC enables reduction of CO2 emission by around 44% compared with existing power stations with thermal efficiency 34%.

scholarly journals Reheat and Regenerative Gas Turbines for Feed Water Repowering of Steam Power Plant

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Negri di Montenegro ◽  
M. Gambini ◽  
A. Peretto
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Energy Integration ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Steam Power Plants

This study is concerned with the repowering of existing steam power plants (SPP) by gas turbine (GT) units. The energy integration between SPP and GT is analyzed taking into particular account the employment of simple and complex cycle gas turbines. With regard to this, three different gas turbine has been considered: simple Brayton cycle, regenerative cycle and reheat cycle. Each of these cycles has been considered for feed water repowering of three different existing steam power plants. Moreover, the energy integration between the above plants has been analyzed taking into account three different assumptions for the SPP off-design conditions. In particular it has been established to keep the nominal value for steam turbine power output or for steam flow-rate at the steam turbine inlet or, finally, for steam flow-rate in the condenser. The numerical analysis has been carried out by the employment of numerical models regarding SPP and GT, developed by the authors. These models have been here properly connected to evaluate the performance of the repowered plants. The results of the investigation have revealed the interest of considering the use of complex cycle gas turbines, especially reheat cycles, for the feed water repowering of steam power plants. It should be taken into account that these energy advantages are determined by a repowering solution, i.e. feed water repowering which, although it is attractive for its simplicity, do not generally allows, with Brayton cycle, a better exploitation of the energy system integration in comparison with other repowering solutions. Besides these energy considerations, an analysis on the effects induced by repowering in the working parameters of existing components is also explained.

The Application of Gas-Turbine Technique to Steam Power

1950 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Field
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Lower Temperature Range ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
External Combustion ◽  
Steam Cycle

Early attempts to adapt the mechanism of the turbine to the air- or gas-engine were frustrated by the losses in the compressor, but in the last twenty years improvements in the efficiency of the latter, together with better high-temperature metals for the turbine, have enabled the gas turbine to approach the efficiency of the steam turbine. The gas turbine has to operate from a much higher temperature and with more effective high-temperature regeneration to achieve this. On the other hand it cannot utilize heat down to anything like the same lower temperature as steam power. Most regenerative gas-turbine cycles are therefore more efficient than the steam cycle at the upper temperature range, and less efficient at the lower temperature range. Now that the Rankine steam cycle has reached 1,000 deg. F., a given increment of temperature has much less effect on the steam turbine than on the gas turbine. The paper describes a condensing gas-turbine† cycle with external combustion, which utilizes orthodox gas-turbine and steam-turbine components in such a manner that the thermodynamic advantages of the two in the respective temperature ranges mentioned above are combined to give a higher thermal efficiency than either the steam or the gas turbine is capable of alone, and with the prospective ability to utilize almost any fuel. A great improvement may thus be made possible in the fuel economy of condensing steam power stations, steamship propulsion, and steam locomotives, and in the ratio of mechanical power to heat in combined power and process or district heat production. It may become commercially worth while, apart from the saving in coal, to eliminate a large proportion of condensing operation on land in the winter months. By integrating the fuel-using industries in this manner it should be possible to save at least fifty-million tons of coal per annum on the present aggregate output of power and heat, with a further saving of eleven-million tons of locomotive coal. This should enable the nation to afford much more liberal use of power and heat and thus achieve much greater production in transport and industry.

scholarly journals Boosting Steam Plant Thermal Efficiency and Power Output Through the Addition of Gas Turbines

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. J. Linnemeijer ◽  
J. P. van Buijtenen ◽  
A. U. van Loon
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Steam Power Plants ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Utility Companies ◽  
Steam Plant

This paper describes the conversion of existing conventional steam power plants into combined cycle plants. A number of Dutch utility companies are currently performing or planning this conversion on their gas-fired power stations, mainly in order to conserve fuel. Modifications of boiler and steam cycle, necessary for the new concept, are presented in general terms, together with a detailed description of one of the projects.

Parametric study on the performance of combined power plant of steam and gas turbines

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Mohammad Almajali ◽  
Omar Quran
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
Reheat Steam ◽  
Steam Cycle

Abstract This paper deals with aspects of the combined power and power (CPP) plants. Such plants consist of two major parts; the steam turbine and gas turbine plants. This study investigates the efficiency of CPP under the effect of several factors. CPP plants can achieve the highest thermal efficiency obtained with turbomachinery up to date. In this cycle, the anticipated waste thermal energy of the exhaust of gas turbine is used to generate a high pressure steam to empower the steam turbine in the steam cycle. By systematically varying the main design parameters, their influence on the CPP plant can be revealed. A comprehensive parametric study was conducted to measure the influence of the main parameter of the gas and steam cycles on the performance of CPP. The results exhibit that the overall plant thermal efficiency is significantly greater than that of either the two turbines. Due to the high thermal efficiency, a significant reduction in the greenhouse effect can be achieved. It is found that regenerative steam cycle will reduce the overall efficiency of combined cycle. On the other hand, using reheat steam cycle in the CPP plant will lead to an increase in both the thermal efficiency of the plant and the dryness factor of steam at exit of the steam turbine.

scholarly journals STEAM TURBINE DEVELOPMENT FOR SUPERCRITICAL STEAM PARAMETERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
Екатерина Кондратьева ◽  
Ekaterina Kondrateva ◽  
Сергей Олейников ◽  
Sergey Oleynikov ◽  
Виктор Рассохин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Supercritical Steam Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Supercritical Parameters ◽  
General Number ◽  
Efficiency Increase ◽  
Steam Parameters ◽  
Plant Efficiency

The paper reports the expediency and substantiation of the necessity for the gradual transition to power units on supercritical stream parameters in world power engineering. Basic stages in the development of steam turbine manufacturing with supercritical steam parameters are considered. The parameter increase at the input makes a profound impact upon the design of a flowing part of turbines. To operate a great difference in enthalpies in a cylinder without changing stages number one has to modernize them and sometimes to change the design completely. In the paper there is considered the expediency of the application of axial highloaded stages developed by the Polytechnics of Leningrad (LPI). There are also described the stages of designing steam turbine plants with critical and supercritical steam parameters at the input in a turbine. As an example there is analyzed SKR-100-300 steam turbine with the initial steam parameters of 29.4MPa and 650S. The results of solution computations directed to the efficiency increase of a regulatory stage of K-300-240 steam turbine with supercritical parameters of 580C and 29.0 MPa are presented. The application as a profile of an impeller the blade design of LPI allows increasing turbine plant efficiency in a wide range of mode parameters and also reducing a general number of turbine stages.

scholarly journals Gas-Steam Power Generation

1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Martinuzzi
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Gas Turbine Exhaust ◽  
Turbine Exhaust

The combination of a gas turbine with a steam turbine driven by steam produced in a generator heated by the gas-turbine exhaust is studied. The field of application of such a gas-steam power plant is examined, as well as the best operational characteristics of the combination. The special features of closed-cycle gas turbines, particularly of the type used in conjunction with gas-cooled, high-temperature nuclear reactors, are shown to give considerable advantages when combined with a steam turbine.

scholarly journals Technical and Economic Analysis of Repowering a Coal-Fired Power Plant

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Roy-Aikins ◽  
Reshleu J. Rampershad
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Power Stations

Owing to an abundance of coal reserves, about 92 percent of the electrical power produced in South Africa is generated in central power stations fired on cheaply priced coal. With a few power stations approaching the end of their design life, the question arises as to what to do with these outdated and inefficient plants. Retrofitting or repowering a station with gas turbines is one option being considered. As a case study, this paper investigates the technical and economic feasibility of repowering the Arnot power station to convert it to a combined cycle plant with increased capacity. This power station has six generating units, each of nominal capacity 350 MW and of average age 25 years. Four are in service, and the others are in reserve storage. Several repowering options were considered and the proposed re-design is parallel repowering, where additional steam for a steam turbine is generated in a gas turbine heat recovery steam generator to supplement the steam generated in a coal-fired boiler. Since natural gas, the preferred fuel for gas turbines, is not readily available in the country, kerosene was used as gas turbine fuel. Consequently, the performance of the chosen gas turbine had to be re-evaluated. The output of each unit increased by 77 MW and the efficiency by 8 percentage points to 43 percent, after repowering. Repowering was feasible, technically. An economic analysis was required to determine the magnitude of the economic benefits of repowering, if any, and it turned out that the cost of electricity generated by the new technology was higher than that produced by the outgoing one. It was concluded, therefore, that repowering the steam turbine units with gas turbines fired on kerosene was uneconomical, for the performance level achieved.

scholarly journals Supercritical power plant 600 MW with cryogenic oxygen plant and CCS installation

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Kotowicz ◽  
Aleksandra Dryjańska
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Circulating Fluidized Bed ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Supercritical Steam Parameters ◽  
Air Separation Unit ◽  
Steam Parameters

Abstract This article describes a thermodynamic analysis of an oxy type power plant. The analyzed power plant consists of: 1) steam turbine for supercritical steam parameters of 600 °C/29 MPa with a capacity of 600 MW; 2) circulating fluidized bed boiler, in which brown coal with high moisture content (42.5%) is burned in the atmosphere enriched in oxygen; 3) air separation unit (ASU); 4) CO2 capture installation, where flue gases obtained in the combustion process are compressed to the pressure of 150 MPa. The circulated fluidized bed (CFB) boiler is integrated with a fuel dryer and a cryogenic air separation unit. Waste nitrogen from ASU is heated in the boiler, and then is used as a coal drying medium. In this study, the thermal efficiency of the boiler, steam cycle thermal efficiency and power demand were determined. These quantities made possible to determine the net efficiency of the test power plant.

A Unified Approach to Reheat in Gas and Steam Turbine Cycles

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-552
Author(s):  
J Lewins
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Fluid Behaviour

A model of fluid behaviour is proposed for both air and steam in Joule, Brayton, and Rankine cycles by assuming that enthalpy is a function of temperature only. This enables reheat to be treated in a unified manner for both gas and steam turbines. Theorems for maximum power and maximum thermal efficiency are presented, with extensions to inter-cooling in gas turbines and afterburners in turbo-jet craft.

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