Staged Lean Catalytic Combustion of Gasified Biomass for Gas Turbine Applications: An Experimental Approach to Investigate Performance of Catalysts

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Manrique Carrera ◽  
Jeevan Jayasuriya ◽  
Torsten Fransson
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Catalytic Combustion ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
High Level

Emission demands for gas turbine utilization will become more stringent in the coming years. Currently different techniques are used to reach low levels of NOx emissions. One possible solution is the Staged Lean Catalytic Combustion. In this concept a catalysts arrangement is used to generate high temperature combustion gases. The high temperature gases could be used to feed a second combustion stage in which more fuel is injected. In this work a series of experiments were performed at the Catalytic Combustion High Pressure Test Facility at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Sweden. The fuel used was a simulated gasified biomass and the catalytic combustor consisted of an arrangement of different catalysts, e.g. bimetallic, hexaaluminates, and perovskites catalysts. These were used as, ignition catalyst, medium temperature catalyst and high temperature catalyst respectively. The tests were performed between 5 and 13.5 bar, and the overall conversion varied between 60% and 70% and the temperature of flue gases could reach 750°C and contains high level of oxygen. The determining factor to control the exit gas temperature was the richness of the mixture (λ value). On the other hand, the increased pressure had a moderate negative effect in the overall fuel conversion. This effect is stronger at leaner mixtures compared to richer ones. Moreover, λ value and also pressure affected the temperature distribution along the reactor. The utilization of a lean catalytic combustion approach makes possible the use of a post catalytic combustion. In this region additional fuel is injected to fully burn the exiting gases and increase the exit temperature to the desired levels. This staged lean catalytic combustion approach could resemble moderate levels exhaust gas recirculation techniques and/or high air temperature combustion and it is also briefly examined in the present work.

Performance Results With ALSTOM’s Circulating Moving Bed Combuster™

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen Jukkola ◽  
Armand Levasseur ◽  
Dave Turek ◽  
Bard Teigen ◽  
Suresh Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Program Cost ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Performance Results

ALSTOM is developing and testing a new and more efficient coal combustion technology, including a new type of steam generator known as a “circulating moving bed (CMBTM) combustion system combustor.” The CMBTM combustion system technology involves a novel method of solid fuel combustion and heat transfer. In this design, a heat exchanger will heat the energy cycle working fluid, steam or air, to the high temperature levels required for advanced power generation systems. This will produce a step change in both performance and capital costs relative to today’s pulverized coal and fluid bed boiler designs. In addition to high temperature Rankine cycles, the CMBTM combustion system is an enabling technology for hydrogen production and CO2 capture from combustion systems utilizing innovative chemical looping airblown gasification and syngas decarbonization. ALSTOM’s 3MWth Multi-Use Combustion Test Facility has been modified to allow operation in CMBTM combustion system mode. This paper summarizes the results of this program, which includes performance results from pilot plant testing. Participants include the U.S. DOE, ALSTOM, the University of Massachusetts, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The total program cost is $2,485,468 with the DOE’s National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) providing 60% of the funding under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC26-01NT41223.

Radial Turbine Development for the 100 kW Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Nakazawa ◽  
H. Ogita ◽  
M. Takahashi ◽  
T. Yoshizawa ◽  
Y. Mori
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Blade Vibration ◽  
Vibration Stress ◽  
Aerodynamic Performances ◽  
Endurance Tests

The development of turbine components for the automotive 100 kW ceramic gas turbine has entered the final stage of the seven-year project and is making satisfactory progress toward the goals. We have attained the interim targets of the aerodynamic performances and have been carrying out tests to further improve efficiency. As for ceramic parts, we have changed the material of the turbine rotor to a new one that is excellent in long-sustained and high-temperature strength properties, and have confirmed substantial strength at high temperature through hot-spin tests. After evaluating blade-vibration stress through analyses and experiments, we completed an endurance evaluation at 1200°C (1473 K) TIT (Turbine Inlet Gas Temperature) and a rated speed of 100,000 rpm. We are now carrying out endurance tests at 1350°C (1623 K) TIT. For ceramic stationary parts, we already finished the evaluations at 1200°C TIT and are also conducting an endurance test at 1350°C TIT. Using these parts in a full-assembly test, together with other elements, we confirmed that they cause no functional problem in tests performed at 1200°C TIT level up to the rated speed (100,000 rpm), and are evaluating their performances.

scholarly journals Modeling the Impact of High Temperature on Mortality in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 332
Author(s):  
Mushtaq Ahmad Khan Barakzai ◽  
S.M. Aqil Burney
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High

The objective of this paper is to model and study the impact of high temperature on mortality in Pakistan. For this purpose, we have used mortality and climate data consisting of maximum temperature, variation in monthly temperature, average rainfall, humidity, dewpoint, as well as average air pressure in the country over the period from 2000 to 2019. We have used the Generalized Linear Model with Quasi-Poisson link function to model the number of deaths in the country and to assess the impact of maximum temperature on mortality. We have found that the maximum temperature in the country has a significant impact on mortality. The number of deaths in Pakistan increases as the maximum temperature increases. We found that, as the maximum temperature increase beyond 30 °C, mortality increases significantly. Our results indicate that mortality increases by 27% when the maximum temperature in the country increases from medium category to a very high level. Similarly, the number of deaths in the country increases by 11% when the temperature increases from medium temperature to high level. Furthermore, our study found that when the maximum temperature in the country decreases from a medium level to a low level, the number of deaths in the country decreases by 23%. This study does not consider the impact of other factors on mortality, such as age, medical conditions, gender, geographical location, as well as variability of temperature across the country.

Progress on Facilities and Methodology to Evaluate Abradable Seal Coatings

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 1992-1998
Author(s):  
Qiu Yuan Lu ◽  
Jie Shen ◽  
Yue Guang Yu ◽  
Xian Jing Ren ◽  
Hai Jun Xuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Combustion Region ◽  
High Temperature Combustion

To improve gas turbine performance, it is essential to decrease back flow gases in the high-temperature combustion region of the turbo machine by reducing the shroud/rotor gap. An abradable seal coating will function effectively. The present work described an advanced detection technology and test rigs to study abradability of the seal coatings. Several early used analytical methods were also reviewed in the work as comparison,like NASAPWA and Sulzer Innotec, have developed abradable test rigs and specified different experimental parameters by simulating the determined working conditions. Thence, suggestions to further develop evaluation methods for seal coatings were proposed and discussed.

High Pressure Test Results of a Catalytic Combustor for Gas Turbine

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Fujii ◽  
Y. Ozawa ◽  
S. Kikumoto ◽  
M. Sato ◽  
Y. Yuasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Catalytic Combustion ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Catalytic Combustor

Recently, the use of gas turbine systems, such as combined cycle and cogeneration systems, has gradually increased in the world. But even when a clean fuel such as LNG (liquefied natural gas) is used, thermal NOx is generated in the high temperature gas turbine combustion process. The NOx emission from gas turbines is controlled through selective catalytic reduction processes (SCR) in the Japanese electric industry. If catalytic combustion could be applied to the combustor of the gas turbine, it is expected to lower NOx emission more economically. Under such high temperature and high pressure conditions, as in the gas turbine, however, the durability of the catalyst is still insufficient. So it prevents the realization of a high temperature catalytic combustor. To overcome this difficulty, a catalytic combustor combined with premixed combustion for a 1300°C class gas turbine was developed. In this method, catalyst temperature is kept below 1000°C, and a lean premixed gas is injected into the catalytic combustion gas. As a result, the load on the catalyst is reduced and it is possible to prevent the catalyst deactivation. After a preliminary atmospheric test, the design of the combustort was modified and a high pressure combustion test was conducted. As a result, it was confirmed that NOx emission was below 10 ppm (at 16 percent O2) at a combustor outlet gas temperature of 1300°C and that the combustion efficiency was almost 100 percent. This paper presents the design features and test results of the combustor.

High Temperature Film Cooling Test Facility and Preliminary Test Results

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Straub ◽  
T. G. Sidwell ◽  
K. H. Casleton ◽  
M. A. Alvin ◽  
S. Chien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Film Cooling ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
The University

This paper describes a new high temperature test facility developed through a collaborative effort between the University of Pittsburgh and the Department of Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). The scope of this paper will include a description of this experimental test facility and a discussion of some test results collected from a flat plate (Haynes 230) using a single row of fan-shaped film cooling holes. This test specimen has been tested at two different pressures (i.e., 1.3 and 3 bar). The hot gas path flow velocity (i.e., 60 m/s) and the hot gas temperature (i.e., 1300 K) have been maintained as a constant for these tests. At each of these test conditions, five different film cooling blowing ratio conditions have been evaluated, including a condition with no film cooling. The overall cooling effectiveness and the reduction in heat flux for a point near the center of the test sample are reported and discussed.

Investigation of Catalytic Combustion in the Rotary Regenerator Type Catalytic Combustor at Different Inlet Velocities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenkun Sang ◽  
Xiaojing Lv ◽  
Zemin Bo ◽  
Yiwu Weng
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Catalytic Combustion ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Combustion Characteristic ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Inlet Velocity ◽  
Combustion Technology ◽  
New Type ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Catalytic Combustor

Ultra low calorific value gas (ULCVG) is hard to be realized by the conventional combustion technology. Most of them are discarded into atmosphere directly, causing the inadvertent waste and serous pollution. Currently, a new type gas turbine with catalytic combustion and rotary regenerator can be used to utilize these fuels and mitigate pollution. Differing from the conventional gas turbine, the chamber and regenerator of the new gas turbine is combined into one component, which is named rotary recuperative type catalytic chamber (RRTCC). The catalytic combustion is applied for RRTCC. The catalytic combustion characteristic of RRTCC is studied using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results indicate that when the inlet velocity is 20 m/s, the methane conversion rate is 90%∼95%, and the corresponding outlet gas temperature is 1030∼1200K. When there is a variation of ±25% in the inlet velocity, the variation of methane conversation rate is −15% and 5% respectively, and the variation of outlet gas temperature is −6% and 2% respectively. Additionally, it is found that the hotspot temperature of combustor wall decreases with the increase of inlet velocity. The lowest value of hotspot temperature is about 1000K, which is higher than the ignition temperature of CH4. Therefore, the existence of hotspot temperature is useful for the catalytic ignition. The temperature distribution on the combustion side exhibits a smoking-pipe-like shape, as well as the recuperative side. The results can provide data reference for RRTCC design.

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