Studies on Optimization of a Liquid Fuel Based Low Emission Combustor

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mahendra Reddy ◽  
Darshan Sawant ◽  
Sudarshan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Acoustic Emissions ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Swirl Flow ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Flameless Combustion ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Swirl Combustor ◽  
Exit Port

This paper presents experimental and numerical results on a single stage burner configuration with flameless/MILD combustion with liquid fuel. The proposed burner configuration is designed for 20 kW thermal input with heat intensity of ∼ 5 MW/m3 using kerosene as fuel and air at ambient conditions as the oxidizer. Air is injected through four tangential injection holes near the bottom of the combustor results high swirl flow in the combustor helps to enhance the internal recirculation of the combustion products. Computational and experimental analysis is carried out simultaneously for optimization of combustor configuration. In swirl combustor configurations the reactants dilution ration (recirculation) is function of combustor geometry, exit diameter and inlet velocity of air. In the first step of study four different combustor configurations are considered, one cylindrical and three conical combustors with diverging angles of 30°, 45° and 60°. In the second step the effect of exit port diameter on the recirculation and quality of flameless combustion is studied. The exit port diameter varied from 80 mm to 25 mm. In the third step the inlet velocities of air varied by inserting different inlet diameters of 2 to 7 mm in a step of 1mm. Based on combustion completeness and emission analysis, the 60° diverging angle combustor with air inlet diameter of 4 or 5 mm and 25 mm exit diameter is considered as optimistic configuration to obtain flameless combustion mode with liquid fuels. The acoustic emissions and the emissions of CO and NOX are measured for different configurations.

scholarly journals Gas and Liquid Fuel Injection Into an Enclosed Swirling Flow

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Ahmad ◽  
G. E. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Swirling Flow ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Swirl Flow ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Recirculation Region ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Limits

A swirler with good premixed performance has been tested with direct central propane injection and with direct central kerosene and gas oil injection using the swirler air for atomisation. The results have been compared with non swirling flow systems at the same test conditions. Direct propane injection results in a major extension of the stability limits compared with the premixed situation, but with liquid fuel injection the stability limits are generally worse than for premixed fuel and air. It is argued that the cause of this is the action of the centrifugal forces on the liquid droplets in the swirl flow which results in vaporisation in the outer swirl flow and weaker mixtures in the core recirculation region than for propane injection. The gas composition results support this conclusion. Direct propane injection caused a deterioration in the combustion efficiency and a large increase in NOx. The poor stability limits with liquid fuels prevented a high combustion efficiency and low NOx situation from being achieved. A comparison of the performance with non swirling systems showed that all emissions were higher with swirl for propane but that the swirler may have some advantages for liquid fuels.

scholarly journals Effects of Catalysts on Emissions of Pollutants from Combustion Processes of Liquid Fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bok ◽  
Joanna Guziałowska-Tic ◽  
Wilhelm Jan Tic
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Organometallic Complexes ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Fuel Oils ◽  
Sulphur Oxides ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
Combustion Processes

Abstract The dynamic growth of the use of non-renewable fuels for energy purposes results in demand for catalysts to improve their combustion process. The paper describes catalysts used mainly in the processes of combustion of motor fuels and fuel oils. These catalysts make it possible to raise the efficiency of oxidation processes simultanously reducing the emission of pollutants. The key to success is the selection of catalyst compounds that will reduce harmful emissions of combustion products into the atmosphere. Catalysts are introduced into the combustion zone in form of solutions miscible with fuel or with air supplied to the combustion process. The following compounds soluble in fuel are inclused in the composition of the described catalysts: organometallic complexes, manganese compounds, salts originated from organic acids, ferrocen and its derivatives and sodium chloride and magnesium chloride responsible for burning the soot (chlorides). The priority is to minimize emissions of volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides, and carbon monoxide, as well as particulate matter.

Development and Integration of the Dual Fuel Combustion System for the MGT Gas Turbine Family

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Ćosić ◽  
Frank Reiss ◽  
Marc Blümer ◽  
Christian Frekers ◽  
Franklin Genin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Supply And Distribution ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

Abstract Industrial gas turbines like the MGT6000 are often operated as power supply or as mechanical drives. In these applications, liquid fuels like 'Diesel Fuel No.2' can be used either as main fuel or as backup fuel if natural gas is not reliably available. The MAN Gas Turbines (MGT) operate with the Advanced Can Combustion (ACC) system, which is capable of ultra-low NOx emissions for gaseous fuels. This system has been further developed to provide dry dual fuel capability. In the present paper, we describe the design and detailed experimental validation process of the liquid fuel injection, and its integration into the gas turbine package. A central lance with an integrated two-stage nozzle is employed as a liquid pilot stage, enabling ignition and start-up of the engine on liquid fuel only. The pilot stage is continuously operated, whereas the bulk of the liquid fuel is injected through the premixed combustor stage. The premixed stage comprises a set of four decentralized nozzles based on fluidic oscillator atomizers, wherein atomization of the liquid fuel is achieved through self-induced oscillations. We present results illustrating the spray, hydrodynamic, and emission performance of the injectors. Extensive testing of the burner at atmospheric and full load high-pressure conditions has been performed, before verification within full engine tests. We show the design of the fuel supply and distribution system. Finally, we discuss the integration of the dual fuel system into the standard gas turbine package of the MGT6000.

scholarly journals Extractive Deep Desulfurization of Liquid Fuels Using Lewis-Based Ionic Liquids

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swapnil A. Dharaskar ◽  
Kailas L. Wasewar ◽  
Mahesh N. Varma ◽  
Diwakar Z. Shende
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Model Liquid ◽  
New Class ◽  
Deep Desulfurization ◽  
Desulfurization Efficiency

A new class of green solvents, known as ionic liquids (ILs), has recently been the subject of intensive research on the extractive desulfurization of liquid fuels because of the limitation of traditional hydrodesulfurization method. In present work, eleven Lewis acid ionic liquids were synthesized and employed as promising extractants for deep desulfurization of the liquid fuel containing dibenzothiophene (DBT) to test the desulfurization efficiency. [Bmim]Cl/FeCl3was the most promising ionic liquid and performed the best among studied ionic liquids under the same operating conditions. It can remove dibenzothiophene from the model liquid fuel in the single-stage extraction process with the maximum desulfurization efficiency of 75.6%. It was also found that [Bmim]Cl/FeCl3may be reused without regeneration with considerable extraction efficiency of 47.3%. Huge saving on energy can be achieved if we make use of this ionic liquids behavior in process design, instead of regenerating ionic liquids after every time of extraction.

scholarly journals Influence of Biodiesel Waste Cooking Oil on Produce Hydrocarbon Fraction by Catalytic Cracking Waste Polystyrene and its Application in Gasoline Engine

ALCHEMY ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Hendro Juwono ◽  
Ardita Elliyanti ◽  
Firman Satria Pamungkas ◽  
Anas Assari ◽  
Ahmad Hawky Dermawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fraction ◽  
Butyl Ether ◽  
Tertiary Butyl ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Polystyrene Waste

<p>Liquid fuel from polystyrene waste and waste cooking oil biodiesel was successfully obtained through catalytic cracking using Al-MCM-41/Ceramic. The structure, morphology, acidity, and porosity of the catalyst were studied by SEM-EDX, pyridine FTIR, and N<sub>2</sub> gas adsorption-desorption. The products of catalytic cracking were analyzed using gas chromatogram-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The highest yield was obtained at feedstock variations of 57% (P): 43% (M) with the number of hydrocarbon fractions (&lt; C<sub>7</sub>) is 0.48%, hydrocarbon fraction (C<sub>8 </sub>- C<sub>12</sub>) is 20.99%, and hydrocarbon fraction (&gt; C<sub>12</sub>) is 78.53% in the cracking time 1 hours. Physical characteristics were reported in the form of density, flash point, and caloric value respective. The performance of liquid fuels with commercial fuels, Premium (RON 88), and additives of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) comparisons of 225 (mL): 750 (mL): 18.25 (mL) respectively produce thermal efficiency on engine use gasoline generator sets was 28.22% at the load of 2118 Watts. Based on this research, all variations of feedstock produce liquid fuels that are in accordance with SNI 06-3506-1994 concerning the quality of gasoline fuel types.</p><p> </p>Keywords: Catalytic cracking, polystyrene waste, waste cooking oil, liquid fuel

Effect of Nanoparticle Suspensions on Liquid Fuel Hot-Plate Ignition

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Huang ◽  
Weimin Kan ◽  
Yuxuan Lu ◽  
Ting Cheng ◽  
Liangying Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Advanced Combustion ◽  
Nanoparticle Suspensions ◽  
Liquid Vapor

Increased ignition probabilities of ethanol are found on a heated hot-plate with the introduction of Al2O3, Fe3O4, and carbon nanotube (CNT) nanoparticle suspensions. We show that the mechanism is probably due to liquid fuel boiling point elevation caused by nanoparticle accumulation at liquid–vapor interfaces. The magnitudes of this impact are related to the number and geometry of nanoparticles but independent from the nanoparticle chemical compositions. These findings may have important applications for developing future alternative liquid fuels with advanced combustion characteristics.

Investigations on Emission Characteristics of Liquid Fuels in a Swirl Combustor

2014 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mahendra Reddy ◽  
Darshan Trivedi ◽  
Darshan Sawant ◽  
Sudarshan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Swirl Combustor

Spreading behavior of firefighting foam solutions on typical liquid fuel surfaces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youjie Sheng ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Kui Wu
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Spreading Rate ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Spreading Coefficient ◽  
Spreading Area ◽  
Spreading Behavior ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Spreading Coefficients

Abstract A series of experiments was performed to investigate the spreading behavior of firefighting foam solutions on liquid fuel surfaces. The spreading coefficients of six kinds of aqueous film-forming foam solutions and one fluorine-free foam solution on the surface of four liquid fuels, namely, cyclohexane, diesel, n-heptane, and ethanol, were calculated on the basis of surface and interfacial tension. Spreading behavior was studied systematically using a high-speed camera, and then the relationship between spreading behavior and spreading coefficient was analyzed. Furthermore, the spreading area and spreading rate of different foam solution droplets on liquid fuel surfaces were studied in depth. The spreading amount of the foam solution droplets on the liquid fuel surfaces was measured. Four typical spreading phenomena, namely, spreading, suspension, dissolution, and sinking, of AFFF solutions on liquid fuel surfaces were identified. Moreover, a positive spreading coefficient did not necessarily lead to the formation of an aqueous film. The spreading area, spreading rate, and spreading amount were not proportional to the spreading coefficient. During the evaluation of the spreading property of firefighting foam, the spreading coefficient, spreading rate, and spreading amount must be focused on instead of only the spreading coefficient.

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