Flow Maldistribution in Microsystems: Description and Effects

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Cervantes-de Gortari ◽  
J. Torchia-Núñez ◽  
A. Hernández-Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Management ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
Micro Technology ◽  
Micro Systems ◽  
Flow Maldistribution

Flow maldistribution is a fluid-management problem of interest in engineering. It consists in the non-uniform distribution of various flows in industrial applications like multiple accesses, manifolds, bifurcations, spreaders, etc., where the fluid currents separate, detach and reattach, break from the main body of the stream and splash within the conducts, etc. Several effects in the operation of most systems and apparatus where it occurs are common, including the interruption of fluid currents, malfunctioning, and high energy consumptions. The problem at industrial scale has been identified and treated mainly through empirical considerations, but no totally solved. It has been scarcely investigated however, in micro-technology applications with unforeseeable situations in theses very small area/volume scales, with appealing engineering tasks to solve. In any case, detailed analyses must be conducted using fluid mechanics models with experimental validation. In this paper the most relevant aspects of flow maldistribution in micro-systems where intense heat and mass transfer occur, are described. A review of their consequences and the current trends for their remediation, are presented. Examples in MEMS, fuel cells, micro-heat exchangers and micro-structured chemical reactors, are considered.

Current Trends in Atomic Physics

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Physics ◽  
Summer School ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
Condensed Matter ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Energy Physics ◽  
Broad Overview

This volume gathers the lectures notes of Session CVII of the Les Houches summer school of Physics, entitled “Current trends in Atomic Physics”. The school took place in July 2016 and had the goal to give the participants a broad overview of Atomic Physics as a whole, and in particular its connections to other areas of physics, such as condensed-matter and high-energy physics. The book comprises twelve chapters corresponding to lectures delivered at the school.

scholarly journals A Compact Review of Laser Welding Technologies for Amorphous Alloys

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1690
Author(s):  
Jian Qiao ◽  
Peng Yu ◽  
Yanxiong Wu ◽  
Taixi Chen ◽  
Yixin Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Alloy ◽  
Laser Welding ◽  
Amorphous Alloys ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Fast Heating

Amorphous alloys have emerged as important materials for precision machinery, energy conversion, information processing, and aerospace components. This is due to their unique structure and excellent properties, including superior strength, high elasticity, and excellent corrosion resistance, which have attracted the attention of many researchers. However, the size of the amorphous alloy components remains limited, which affects industrial applications. Significant developments in connection with this technology are urgently needed. Laser welding represents an efficient welding method that uses a laser beam with high energy-density for heating. Laser welding has gradually become a research hotspot as a joining method for amorphous alloys due to its fast heating and cooling rates. In this compact review, the current status of research into amorphous-alloy laser welding technology is discussed, the influence of technological parameters and other welding conditions on welding quality is analyzed, and an outlook on future research and development is provided. This paper can serve as a useful reference for both fundamental research and engineering applications in this field.

Medical Cyclotrons

2009 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 133-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Friesel ◽  
T. A. Antaya
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Particle Accelerators ◽  
Radioisotope Production ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Medical Radioisotope ◽  
High Energy Particles

Particle accelerators were initially developed to address specific scientific research goals, yet they were used for practical applications, particularly medical applications, within a few years of their invention. The cyclotron's potential for producing beams for cancer therapy and medical radioisotope production was realized with the early Lawrence cyclotrons and has continued with their more technically advanced successors — synchrocyclotrons, sector-focused cyclotrons and superconducting cyclotrons. While a variety of other accelerator technologies were developed to achieve today's high energy particles, this article will chronicle the development of one type of accelerator — the cyclotron, and its medical applications. These medical and industrial applications eventually led to the commercial manufacture of both small and large cyclotrons and facilities specifically designed for applications other than scientific research.

scholarly journals Fluid resuscitation in trauma: what are the best strategies and fluids?

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Ramesh ◽  
J. C. Uma ◽  
Sheerin Farhath
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Resuscitation ◽  
Trauma Care ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Prehospital Trauma Care ◽  
Special Groups ◽  
Resuscitation Fluid ◽  
Care Systems

Abstract Background Traumatic injuries pose a global health problem and account for about 10% global burden of disease. Among injured patients, the major cause of potentially preventable death is uncontrolled post-traumatic hemorrhage. Main body This review discusses the role of prehospital trauma care in low-resource/remote settings, goals, principles and evolving strategies of fluid resuscitation, ideal resuscitation fluid, and post-resuscitation fluid management. Management of fluid resuscitation in few special groups is also discussed. Conclusions Prehospital trauma care systems reduce mortality in low-resource/remote settings. Delayed resuscitation seems a better option when transport time to definitive care is shorter whereas goal-directed resuscitation with low-volume crystalloid seems a better option if transport time is longer. Few general recommendations regarding the choice of fluid are provided. Adhering to evidence-based clinical practice guidelines and local modifications based on patient population, available resources, and expertise will improve patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Novel Microwave-Assisted Method of Y2Ti2O7 Powder Synthesis

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5621
Author(s):  
Vladimir Chishkala ◽  
Serhiy Lytovchenko ◽  
Bohdan Mazilin ◽  
Edwin Gevorkyan ◽  
Vladimir Shkuropatenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Powder Synthesis ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Pyrochlore Type ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
Solvent Chemistry ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Microwave Assisted Method

In the paper, a novel technique for highly dispersed pyrochlore Y2Ti2O7 is proposed. The experimental results proved that the application of microwave irradiation at a certain stage of calcination allowed synthesizing of Y2Ti2O7 in much shorter time, which ensured substantial energy savings. An increase up to 98 wt.% in the content of the preferred phase with a pyrochlore-type structure Y2Ti2O7 was obtained after 25 h of yttrium and titanium oxides calcination at a relatively low temperature of 1150 °C, while the microwave-supported process took only 9 h and provided 99 wt.% of pyrochlore. The proposed technology is suitable for industrial applications, enabling the fabrication of large industrial amounts of pyrochlore without solvent chemistry and high-energy mills. It reduced the cost of both equipment and energy and made the process more environmentally friendly. The particle size and morphology did not change significantly; therefore, the microwave-assisted method can fully replace the traditional one.

scholarly journals High Energy X-Ray Computed Tomography for Industrial Applications

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (1Supplement) ◽  
pp. 361-364
Author(s):  
Shigeru IZUMI ◽  
Hiroshi KAMIMURA ◽  
Hiroshi KITAGUCHI ◽  
Eisaku MIZUFUNE
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed
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