The Brief Theory of Inventive Problem Solving: Practicality of Software Support

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew M. Bzymek ◽  
Teresa Lally
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Ideal Solution ◽  
Software Support ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Virtual Element ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Ideal

The ongoing challenge of research in Engineering Design is to develop a tool that can support the most difficult phase: solving problems with contradictions. The Brief Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (BTIPS) is a prospective method for performing such a task. Derived from TRIZ, TSIP, and TIPS, BTIPS differs from those methods. The Principles, Effects and Prediction modules in BTIPS are enhanced to meet the newest challenges of technology, engineering practice and pedagogy. New principles were also added to BTIPS and technological effects were enriched with new developments based on nanotechnology and biotechnology. In addition the Virtual Element procedure approach was added. The tests of functions’ separation are also the new additions. This paper includes the results of research done on the effectiveness of software that could support BTIPS in the individual studies that include applications of the available computer programs. The advantages of using BTIPS with supporting software, such as Invention Machine™, TechOptimizer™, and Goldfire™, are pointed out. Some examples are given, but others could not be discussed because of the licensing constraints. The software, if it is used during the solving process, could speed up the search for the Ideal Solution and make BTIPS even more effective in education, and even in research, and practice.

BTIPS vs TRIZ: Comparison of the Approaches to the Teaching, Research and Practice of Conceptual Design

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew M. Bzymek
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Axiomatic Design ◽  
Ideal Solution ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
System Components ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
General Search ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Ideal

Two problem-solving methods are compared in this paper: BTIPS (Brief Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) and TRIZ (Teoriya Resheniya Isobratitielskich Zadatsh). BTIPS was derived from TRIZ and TIPS (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving). BTIPS is shorter than TRIZ as a procedure but at the same time is enriched in its contents. The general search for the Ideal Solution using BTIPS is simple and straight-forward. In BTIPS some new principles, features, effects and system components — that do not exist in TRIZ and TIPS — have been introduced. BTIPS also recommends the Axiomatic Design tests for the End Solution. This paper compares the two systems on the basis of opinions gathered through teaching and consulting practice. The application of the BTIPS method starts with a problem that has to be properly separated from the environment. The problem-solving approach presented in this paper includes a sequence of steps, definition of contradictions, a choice of solution modules, algorithms, and definitions of designed systems and subsystems. Recommendations for the proper search for the End Solution are given. The tests of an Ideal Solution’s effectiveness and economy are also suggested. Application examples and references to problem-solving practice are also given.

scholarly journals Reorienting science communication towards communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. A12
Author(s):  
Lindy A. Orthia ◽  
Merryn McKinnon ◽  
John Noel Viana ◽  
Graham Walker
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Meaningful Engagement ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Ideal

Communities are rarely seen as the ideal level at which to focus science communication efforts, compared to the individual, psychological or mass, societal levels. Yet evidence from allied fields suggests building interpersonal relationships with specific communities over time is key to meaningful engagement, so orienting science communication towards communities is warranted. In this paper, we argue this case. We review previous studies, identifying three existing models of community-oriented science communication, which we label ‘neighbourly’, ‘problem-solving’ and ‘brokering’. We illustrate the effectiveness of the ‘problem-solving’ approach and the desirable ideal of ‘brokering’ using recent examples of community-oriented science communication from Australia.

scholarly journals LT - contradiction matrix

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Dušan Rajić
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Laws Of Nature ◽  
Final Solution ◽  
Ideal Solutions ◽  
Descriptive Theory ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Physical Quantities ◽  
Dialectical Principle ◽  
The Ideal

Altschuller's Contradiction Matrix and Bartini-Kuznetsov's LT - Table represent two different tools for solving inventive problems based on the same dialectical principle. It starts from the premise that there are contradictions at the root of every problem. Although both tools are designed to make it easier to come up with the Ideal Final Solution (IFS), in practice they often come up with optimal rather than ideal solutions. One of the reasons for this phenomenon can be attributed to the subjectivity of the innovator arising from the logical-descriptive Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TIPS / rus. TRIZ). The second reason is related to the existence of unidentified laws of nature shown in the LT table of physical quantities. The integration of these two tools yields an effective LT contradiction matrix as a new inventology tool, which does not have the disadvantages of the individual tools from which it arose.

Solving Conflicting Engineering Problems in Education, Research and Practice: Enhanced Approach

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew M. Bzymek
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Prediction Module ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Element Approach ◽  
Virtual Element ◽  
Engineering Pedagogy

The nature of engineering is problem solving. The challenge of ongoing design research is to develop a tool that would support the most difficult phase of design — solving problems with contradictions and finding the best possible idea for conceptual design of products. The Brief Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (BTIPS) is a prospective tool for performing such a task. Derived from TRIZ, TSIP and TIPS, BTIPS slightly differs from those methods. Principles, Effects and Prediction modules in BTIPS are enhanced to meet the newest challenges of engineering pedagogy and technology development. To meet those challenges principles of Size Reduction, Miniaturization, Nanotechnology and Biotechnology were added. Design principles and technological effects were enriched with new developments based on nanotechnology and biotechnology. Furthermore the procedure of the Virtual Element approach was added to the Prediction module. The tests of functions’ separation and minimum information contents to evaluate the derived end solution are also the new additions. BTIPS is living and developing; it is taught and used, and, thus, constantly improved. This paper points out the enhancements and shows some ways of BTIPS application in solving problems with conflicting constraints in conceptual design.

scholarly journals Analisis Penilaian Kinerja Terhadap Rasionalitas Dosen pada 114 Perguruan Tinggi Swasta (PTS) Wilayah Kopertis XIII Provinsi Aceh dengan Metode Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Munawir Munawir
Keyword(s):  
Ideal Solution ◽  
Negative Solution ◽  
Decision Matrix ◽  
Order Preference ◽  
Fuzzy Madm ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Minimal Quantity ◽  
Solution Matrix ◽  
Support Decision Making ◽  
The Ideal

This research aims to make a sort 104 University in Region XIII Kopertis Aceh Provincewith the method Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS) against the ratio of lecturers and students. TOPSIS is one method that can beused to solve the problem of Fuzzy MADM. This research takes into account all thecriteria that support decision making in order to help speed up and facilitate thedecision-making process and do a minimal quantity of perangkingan especially thelecturer at a college. Based on research results, calculation of TOPSIS begins withforming a decision matrix is normalized, then continued with a decision matrixweighting normalization. The step is done to determine the ideal solution matrix ofpositive and negative solution is ideal. The last stages of the method is to calculate thevalue of the preference of each alternative (Vi) in order to get the final results, the mosthigh value Vi shows the best alternative. Based on the end result then sorted 25 Colleges(PTS) is Locality Kopertis XIII Aceh at its best.

ANALYSIS OF NARRATIVE MATHEMATICAL QUESTIONS ON TEXTBOOKS BASED ON SOLO TAXONOMY AND MATHEMATICAL POWER

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Imam Kusmaryono
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Mathematical Representation ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Mathematics Textbooks ◽  
Solo Taxonomy ◽  
Research Procedure ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
The Ideal

This study aimed to identify the proportion of diversity and suitability of narrative mathematical questions with SOLO taxonomy level and mathematical power ability. The research was conducted through quantitative descriptive. Sources of data in the forms of narrations contained in mathematics textbooks. The research procedure was conducted by making the classification and determining the percentage of the narrations based on the compatibility of SOLO taxonomy and the mathematical power ability. The results showed that, the narrative mathematical questions with uni-structural level are of 7.5%, multi-structural of 33.8%, relational of 46.6% and extended abstract of 12.1 %. In terms of compatibility of the narrative  questions were able to measure 23% reasoning aspect, 18% problem solving, 8.3% connection, 28% communication and 22.6% mathematical representation. In general, mathematics textbooks as the object of research should be revised, since they have not yet achieved the ideal alignment between SOLO taxonomy based on grade level and the objective of learning develop mathematical power

The Republic

2019 ◽  
pp. 205-229
Author(s):  
Dominic Scott
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Ideal State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Individual Justice ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Political Right ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Ideal

This chapter presents a reading of Plato’s Republic. The Republic is among Plato’s most complex works. From its title, the first-time reader will expect a dialogue about political theory, yet the work starts from the perspective of the individual, coming to focus on the question of how, if at all, justice contributes to an agent’s happiness. Only after this question has been fully set out does the work evolve into an investigation of politics—of the ideal state and of the institutions that sustain it, especially those having to do with education. But the interest in individual justice and happiness is never left behind. Rather, the work weaves in and out of the two perspectives, individual and political, right through to its conclusion. All this may leave one wondering about the unity of the work. The chapter shows that, despite the enormous range of topics discussed, the Republic fits together as a coherent whole.

scholarly journals Malmquist Productivity Index by Extended VIKOR Method Using Interval Numbers

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Fallah ◽  
Amir Mohajeri ◽  
Esmaeil Najafi
Keyword(s):  
Multicriteria Decision Making ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Ideal Solution ◽  
Vikor Method ◽  
Decision Matrix ◽  
Interval Numbers ◽  
Productivity Rate ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Ideal

The VIKOR method was developed for multicriteria optimization of complex systems. It determines the compromise ranking list and the compromise solution obtained with the given weights. This method focuses on ranking and selecting from a set of alternatives in the presence of conflicting criteria. Here, the VIKOR method is used for two timestandt+1. In order to calculate the progress or regression via Malmquist productivity index, the positive and negative ideals at timestandt+1are calculated first. Then we introduce the multi-criteria ranking index based on the particular measure of “closeness” to the ideal solution and calculate the separation of each alternative from the ideal solution at timestandt+1. Then we use the Malmquist productivity index to calculate the progress or regression of all alternatives. In this paper, productivity of alternatives available in decision matrix with interval numbers and their improvement or deterioration is researched. To achieve this practical goal, use of extended VIKOR is made to calculate Malmquist productivity index for multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) problem with interval numbers, and by applying Malmquist productivity index, productivity rate of growth for alternatives is calculated. Finally, a numerical example illustrates and clarifies the main results developed in this paper.

Embodying the culture of achievement: Culture between illness and perfection is a ‘thin line’ – obtaining the ideal female body as an act of achievement

2021 ◽  
pp. 1354067X2110040
Author(s):  
Josefine Dilling ◽  
Anders Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Female Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thin Line ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Body Ideals

In this article, we argue that certain behaviour connected to the attempt to attain contemporary female body ideals in Denmark can be understood as an act of achievement and, thus, as an embodiment of the culture of achievement, as it is characterised in Præstationssamfundet, written by the Danish sociologist Anders Petersen (2016) Hans Reitzels Forlag . Arguing from cultural psychological and sociological standpoints, this article examines how the human body functions as a mediational tool in different ways from which the individual communicates both moral and aesthetic sociocultural ideals and values. Complex processes of embodiment, we argue, can be described with different levels of internalisation, externalisation and materialisation, where the body functions as a central mediator. Analysing the findings from a qualitative experimental study on contemporary body ideals carried out by the Danish psychologists Josefine Dilling and Maja Trillingsgaard, this article seeks to anchor such theoretical claims in central empirical findings. The main conclusions from the study are used to structure the article and build arguments on how expectations and ideals expressed in an achievement society become embodied.

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