Design and Characteristic Analysis of Amalgamated Transparent Materials for Armor Structures Using Defeating Ballistic Experimentation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Attalla ◽  
Badih Jawad ◽  
Steve Grate ◽  
Vernon Fernandez ◽  
Sabah Abro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Matrix Glass ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Ballistic Impacts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Selection Of

In armored platforms industry, the dominant material solution for ballistic transparency protection applications is relatively low-cost polycarbonate matrix glass. This research work aims to investigate the effects of geometrical designs of the amalgamated layers, engineering characteristics of the materials, and the interaction of both on the ballistic resistance of the transparent armor. The resulted models are used to analyze the strength feasibility of the material in the cost base. Ballistic measurements over a wide range of impact velocities including those well above the ballistic limits are deployed to the model. Under simple loading conditions, the polycarbonate matrix glass or ceramic can be regarded as elastic-brittle materials, however, when considering ballistic impacts the post-yield response of the ceramic becomes significant. A post-yield response model of ceramic materials is used for simulating the characteristics. The model incorporates the effect of damage on residual material strength and the resulting bulking during the compressive failure of the ceramic. A combination of relevant factors including the ability to dissipate ballistic energy and manufacturing processes was considered for the proper evaluation and selection of the armor. The model has been implemented into computer software to predict unsuccessful solutions and optimize the amalgamation with capabilities of defeating a wider range of ballistic impacts. The results will show more physical insight of the behavior and performance of the complex armor systems and provide guidelines/principles for the design and selection of the constituent materials.

An overview: characterization of natural fiber reinforced hybrid composites

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Balasubramanian ◽  
Thozhuvur Govindaraman Loganathan ◽  
R. Srimath
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose The purpose of this study is to understand the behavior of hybrid bio-composites under varied applications. Design/methodology/approach Fabrication methods and material characterization of various hybrid bio-composites are analyzed by studying the tensile, impact, flexural and hardness of the same. The natural fiber is a manufactured group of assembly of big or short bundles of fiber to produce one or more layers of flat sheets. The natural fiber-reinforced composite materials offer a wide range of properties that are suitable for many engineering-related fields like aerospace, automotive areas. The main characteristics of natural fiber composites are durability, low cost, low weight, high specific strength and equally good mechanical properties. Findings The tensile properties like tensile strength and tensile modulus of flax/hemp/sisal/Coir/Palmyra fiber-reinforced composites are majorly dependent on the chemical treatment and catalyst usage with fiber. The flexural properties of flax/hemp/sisal/coir/Palmyra are greatly dependent on fiber orientation and fiber length. Impact properties of flax/hemp/sisal/coir/Palmyra are depended on the fiber content, composition and orientation of various fibers. Originality/value This study is a review of various research work done on the natural fiber bio-composites exhibiting the factors to be considered for specific load conditions.

A Travel Blog as a Space for Creation and Communication of Travel Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (0) ◽  
pp. 119-0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Travel Blog ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose. The purpose of this article is to present the variety of travel models which are conveyed and promoted by amateur travel blogs. Methods. The research sample was constituted on the bases of selected Polish travel blogs which promote travel models. The basic criteria for the selection of these particular blogs was the representativeness and popularity among readers. The testing method was content analysis of selected blogs. Findings. The present study suggests a classification of travel blogs. The research hypothesis claiming that the authors of travel blogs publicize travel models was confirmed. Research and conclusions limitations. The study is focused only on amateur travel blogs which are written in Polish. During the process of research, the author focused on a range of topics of the posts as well as on the publication genres. The present study includes blogs about world travels, travelling with children as well asdogs and low-cost travels. Practical implications. The results of this study indicate a wide range of possible future research studies regarding travel blogs from different perspectives. Originality. This article attempts to establish the definition of a travel model and the main characteristics of a travel blogger which aspire to become a travelebrity. A classification of travel blogs using the 'travel model' key is also provided. Type of paper. The article presents the results of empirical research conducted by the author.

scholarly journals Design and fabrication of low-cost micromachining system for prototyping printed circuit boards

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhinesh S K ◽  
◽  
Senthil Kumar K L ◽  
Megalingam A ◽  
Gokulraj A P ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) have a portentous position in constructing modern electronic equipment. Currently, chemical etching is the process used to produce PCBs at huge volumes, which is not suitable for preparing prototypes. The working environment is also not an encouraging one. There is no economical way to manufacture PCBs in low volumes, which is the basic requirement for Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs). Prototyping the desired circuit boards, prior to the mass production, is essential to avoid major losses by producing faulty designs. Developing a low-cost machine for prototyping PCBs may overcome these drawbacks. Hence, in this work, a machine capable of performing PCB mechanical milling operation on wide range of materials like copper/epoxy boards and flexible substrates has been developed. The machine developed is capable of milling lines that are 0.3 mm in width and 0.46 mm in depth. The performance of the machine reveals that it can mill any complex shapes and designs with expected accuracy. Selection of hardware components according to the needs would reduce the cost and programming snag further, which makes it affordable to SMEs.

scholarly journals Hermann Vinterberg og C. A. Bodelsen: Dansk-engelsk Ordbog 3. udgave. Redaktion: Viggo Hjørnager Pedersen. Gyldendal, 1990

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Karen M. Lauridsen
Keyword(s):  
Computer Software ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Natural Consequence ◽  
New Words ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
English Usage ◽  
Selection Of

Vinterberg and Bodelsen's Danish-English dictionary has now been published in its third, revised edition. As a natural consequence of the development in society as a whole, Danish and English usage has changed considerably since the second edition was published in the mid-1960s, thousands of new words have been added to both languages, and a range of words and expressions have undergone a change in meaning. The present review focusses on seeing whether these changes are reflected in the selection of entries and the translation equivalents offerede in the dictionary and concludes that, even though there are about 100,000 changes (of which approximately 50,000 are additions) in the new edition, a wide range of entries are not sufficiently updated. Given the development in computer software and lexicography within the last two decades, it must be concluded that the dictionary is not on the forefront of the development.

Study of accuracy and sensing volume of a wide range of established and low-cost soil water content probes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Campo-Bescós ◽  
Iban Iturria ◽  
Unai Gomez ◽  
Rafael Gimenez ◽  
Javier Casali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Electromagnetic Sensors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mean Square Errors ◽  
Risk Analysis And Management ◽  
Selection Of

<p>Continuous soil moisture content monitoring is key to understand the soil and water flow and transport processes and their impact on a wide range of environmental change and quality processes. Nowadays, there are a wide variety of electromagnetic sensors for estimating soil volumetric content. These include those from established manufacturers (>50€) and low-cost (<50€) amateur electronics enthusiasts with open-source projects. For each sensor, the manufacturer typically provides both a calibration function and an estimation of the sensing volume of the device. The objective of this work is to evaluate the performance –regarding the accuracy and effective sensing volume– of a wide variety of soil water sensors and to compare these results with those provided originally by the respective manufacturer. Twenty-five different electromagnetic sensors representative of the current best-known commercial (19) and the low-cost brands (6) were tested in the laboratory using 3 soils of contrasting texture. Benchmark values for comparison were obtained by the gravimetric method. The sensing volume for each probe was characterized by recording readings while the probes approached a water surface. The Root Mean Square Errors of the sensors ranged from 0.02 to 0.10 cm<sup>3</sup>/cm<sup>3</sup>, and the sensing volume of the different probes exhibited a large variability, ranging from 0.5 to 1500 cm<sup>3</sup>. Importantly, the probes evaluated in laboratory conditions showed different errors for each soil type. The loamy soil readings presented the smallest errors, followed by sandy and clayey soils. No statistically significant differences were found in measurement accuracy between low-cost and higher-priced probes. From the study of the sensing volume explored, with the exception of one case, it can be concluded that the low-cost probes generally explore a smaller volume than the established probes. The selection of the appropriate probe based on its sensing value could be important for different types of risk analysis and management applications.</p>

The Design of a Small Satellite for Earth Observation

1996 ◽  
Vol 210 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Gardner ◽  
G G Swinerd ◽  
A K Ward
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Earth Observation ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Small Satellite ◽  
Satellite Design ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Available Technology ◽  
Selection Of

The concept of the Teaching Company Scheme Satellite (TuCSAT), has been developed to meet the requirements of the Earth observation user community for inexpensive and flexible opportunities to launch remote sensing instruments into low earth orbit (LEO). This paper describes the satellite design process, together with the philosophy behind the selection of a baseline mission. The satellite is shown to demonstrate the ability to meet a wide range of requirements within a strict low mass and low cost philosophy, while making use of currently available technology in order to achieve the design aims.

scholarly journals Surface texturing of non-toxic, biocompatible titanium alloys via electro-discharge

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Ajaytaj Singh Sidhu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Surface Texturing ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Dielectric Medium ◽  
Tool Electrode ◽  
Ti Alloy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Current Article ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Selection Of

The developments of Al and V free, biocompatible Ti-alloy have been the subject of researcher in the orthopedic joints replacement domain. The current article addresses the methodology chosen for Ti-alloy design, machinability, and low-cost surface texturing process for a high degree of biocompatibility. It is evident that an astonishing increase in biocompatibility can be achieved by synchronizing electro-discharge spark energy within Ti alloy and tool material coupled with the selection of dielectric medium for surface modification. The finding of this research may benefit a wide range of researchers to design sustainable implants. The positive polarity tool electrode at 10 A is the most desirable process parameter developing the bioactive surface.

Analyzing Language in Suicide Notes and Legacy Tokens

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Egnoto ◽  
Darrin J. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Student Writing ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Automated Identification ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Harm To Others

Abstract. Background: Identifying precursors that will aid in the discovery of individuals who may harm themselves or others has long been a focus of scholarly research. Aim: This work set out to determine if it is possible to use the legacy tokens of active shooters and notes left from individuals who completed suicide to uncover signals that foreshadow their behavior. Method: A total of 25 suicide notes and 21 legacy tokens were compared with a sample of over 20,000 student writings for a preliminary computer-assisted text analysis to determine what differences can be coded with existing computer software to better identify students who may commit self-harm or harm to others. Results: The results support that text analysis techniques with the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) tool are effective for identifying suicidal or homicidal writings as distinct from each other and from a variety of student writings in an automated fashion. Conclusion: Findings indicate support for automated identification of writings that were associated with harm to self, harm to others, and various other student writing products. This work begins to uncover the viability or larger scale, low cost methods of automatic detection for individuals suffering from harmful ideation.

Integrated FAHP-VIKOR model for green supplier selection in a Nickle coating SME

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Sanatan Ratna ◽  
B Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Staff Training ◽  
Supplier Selection ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Supplier Evaluation ◽  
Green Supplier Selection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Coating Industry ◽  
Sustainability Issue ◽  
Selection Of

In the past few decades, there has been lot of focus on the issue of sustainability. This has occurred due to the growing concerns related to climate change and the growing awareness about environmental concerns. Also, the competition at global level has led to the search for the most sustainable route in the industries. The current research work deals with the selection of green supplier in a Nickle coating industry based on certain weighted green attributes. For this purpose, a hybrid tool comprising of Fuzzy AHP (Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy) and VIKOR (VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) is used. The Fuzzy AHP is used for assigning proper weights to the selected criteria for supplier evaluation, while VIKOR is used for final supplier selection based on the weighted criteria. The three criterions for green supplier selection are, Ecological packaging, Corporate socio-environmental responsibility and Staff Training. The outcome of the integrated model may serve as a steppingstone to other SMEs in different sectors for selecting the most suitable supplier for addressing the sustainability issue.

Justification of the need to improve the legal, regulatory and methodological framework for the spread of parasitic infections in the provision of medical care

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-497
Author(s):  
M. M. Aslanova ◽  
T. V. Gololobova ◽  
K. Yu. Kuznetsova ◽  
Tamari R. Maniya ◽  
D. V. Rakitina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Medical Network ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction. The purpose of our work was to justify the need to improve the legislative, regulatory and methodological framework and preventative measures in relation to the spread of parasitic infections in the provision of medical care. There is a wide range of pathogens of parasitic infestations that are transmitted to humans through various medical manipulations and interventions carried out in various medical institutions. Contaminated care items and furnishings, medical instruments and equipment, solutions for infusion therapy, medical personnel’s clothing and hands, reusable medical products, drinking water, bedding, suture and dressing materials can serve as a major factor in the spread of parasitic infections in the provision of medical care. Purpose of research is the study of the structure and SMP of parasitic origin, circulating on the objects of the production environment in multi-profile medical and preventive institutions of stationary type in order to prevent the occurrence of their spread within medical institutions. Material and methods. The material for the study was flushes taken from the production environment in 3 multi-profile treatment and prevention institutions of inpatient type: a multi-specialty hospital, a maternity hospital and a hospital specializing in the treatment of patients with intestinal diseases for the eggs of worms and cysts of pathogenic protozoa. Results. During the 2-year monitoring of medical preventive institutions, a landscape of parasitic contamination was found to be obtained from the flushes taken from the production environment objects in the premises surveyed as part of the research work. Discussions. In the course of research, the risk of developing ISMP of parasitic origin was found to be determined by the degree of epidemiological safety of the hospital environment, the number and invasiveness of treatment and diagnostic manipulations and various medical technologies. Conclusion. It is necessary to conduct an expert assessment of regulatory and methodological documents in the field of epidemiological surveillance and sanitary and hygienic measures for the prevention of medical aid related infections of parasitic origin, to optimize the regulatory and methodological base, to develop a number of preventive measures aimed at stopping the spread of parasitic infections in the medical network.

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