Research on Wall Thickness Uniformity of Hollow Axles by Three-Roll Skew Rolling

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Zhang ◽  
Xuedao Shu ◽  
Chang Xu ◽  
Jitai Wang ◽  
Zixuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Maximum Deviation ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Rolling Angle ◽  
Thickness Uniformity ◽  
Feed Angle ◽  
Skew Rolling

Abstract The paper describes wall thickness non-uniformity of hollow axles by three-roll skew rolling and the proposed improved measure. According to the characteristics of the three-roll skew rolling process, a simulation model of hollow axles by three-roll skew rolling was established. In order to study the influence of different process parameters on wall thickness uniformity, five main process parameters (feed angle, rolling angle, length of forming zone, axial feed speed, temperature) were selected and imported into the simulation model for simulation analysis. The results show that the optimum process parameters are feed angle 7°, rolling angle 30°, length of forming zone 5mm, axial feed speed 20–30 mm/s and temperature 1050°C with the same conditions, and the maximum deviation of the wall thickness is 0.7mm. The uneven wall thickness of the axle body is caused by the metal reflow, which can be solved by compensating for the radial feed of the roller or by secondary machining. Reasonable selection of process parameters can significantly improve wall thickness uniformity of hollow axles by three-roll skew rolling.

scholarly journals Spinning Process Test and Optical Topography Measurement Technology for the Shell with Longitudinal and Latitudinal Inner Ribs

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Wei Liang ◽  
Qiongying Lv ◽  
Lin Guan ◽  
Zhigang Xing
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Spinning Process

The paper studies the complicated problem in the spinning process of the shell with longitudinal and latitudinal inner ribs. The finite element software ABAQUS is used to establish the finite element model of the cylindrical shell with the longitudinal and latitudinal inner ribs. The numerical simulation of the spinning process is carried out. The stress distribution and strain distribution of the inner and outer surfaces during the spin-forming process are determined, and the orthogonal test method is used to determine the optimization process test parameters. The influence of the main process parameters on the wall thickness difference of the inner rib shell is obtained by the range analysis: wall thickness reduction rate > rotary wheel feed speed > rotor working angle (arranging according to their influences). And then the corresponding process parameters recommended by the spinning test are given. The measurement problem of inner ribs is solved by building of the robot shape measurement system which helps detect the three-dimensional shape of the inner ribs, and the precision of the spun sample was detected by the point cloud deviation comparison.

Process Development for a Robotized Laser Wire Additive Manufacturing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meysam Akbari ◽  
Yaoyu Ding ◽  
Radovan Kovacevic
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Wire Feed Speed ◽  
Deposition Processes ◽  
Complicated Geometries

Additive manufacturing has attracted the attention of industries such as aerospace and automotive as well as the medical technology sectors in recent years. Among all metal-based additive techniques, laser metal wire deposition offers some advantages like shorter processing time, more efficient material usage, and a larger buildup envelop. It has been found that robotized laser/wire additive manufacturing (RLWAM) is a demanding process. A plethora of process parameters must be controlled compared to other laser-based metal deposition processes. The influence of main process parameters such as laser power, stepover increment, wire feed speed, travel speed and z-increment was investigated in this study to find the optimal values. Droplet formation, wire dripping, irregular deposition in the first layer, and deviation of the wire tip were also found to be the main obstacles throughout the process and practical solutions were proposed to deal with these issues. In this study, an 8-axis robot (6-axis arm robot with a 2-axis positioner) and a 4 kW fiber laser along with a wire feeder were integrated to print the different geometrical shapes in 3D. In order to verify the geometrical accuracy of the as-built part, the buildup was scanned using a portable 3D laser scanner. The 3D representation, the Standard Tessellation Language (STL) format obtained from the buildup, was compared with the original CAD model. The results show that RLWAM can be successfully applied in printing even complicated geometries.

scholarly journals Shoulder Related Temperature Thresholds in FSSW of Aluminium Alloys

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4375
Author(s):  
David G. Andrade ◽  
Sree Sabari ◽  
Carlos Leitão ◽  
Dulce M. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Heat Generation ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Welding Temperature ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Diameter

Friction Stir Spot Welding (FSSW) is assumed as an environment-friendly technique, suitable for the spot welding of several materials. Nevertheless, it is consensual that the temperature control during the process is not feasible, since the exact heat generation mechanisms are still unknown. In current work, the heat generation in FSSW of aluminium alloys, was assessed by producing bead-on-plate spot welds using pinless tools. Coated and uncoated tools, with varied diameters and rotational speeds, were tested. Heat treatable (AA2017, AA6082 and AA7075) and non-heat treatable (AA5083) aluminium alloys were welded to assess any possible influence of the base material properties on heat generation. A parametric analysis enabled to establish a relationship between the process parameters and the heat generation. It was found that for rotational speeds higher than 600 rpm, the main process parameter governing the heat generation is the tool diameter. For each tool diameter, a threshold in the welding temperature was identified, which is independent of the rotational speed and of the aluminium alloy being welded. It is demonstrated that, for aluminium alloys, the temperature in FSSW may be controlled using a suitable combination of rotational speed and tool dimensions. The temperature evolution with process parameters was modelled and the model predictions were found to fit satisfactorily the experimental results.

scholarly journals Study on Cutting Chip in Milling GH4169 with Indexable Disc Cutter

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3135
Author(s):  
Gensheng Li ◽  
Chao Xian ◽  
Hongmin Xin
Keyword(s):  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Disc Cutter ◽  
Maximum Deviation ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Deviation Rate ◽  
Qualitative Relationship ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Deformation Coefficient ◽  
And Control

The study and control for chip have a significant impact on machining quality and productivity. In this paper, GH4169 was cut with an indexable disc milling cutter. The chips corresponding to each group of cutting parameters were collected, and the chip parameters (chip curl radius, chip thickness deformation coefficient, and chip width deformation coefficient) were measured. The qualitative relationship between the chip parameters and cutting parameters was studied. The quadratic polynomial models between chip parameters and cutting parameters were established and verified. The results showed that the chip parameters (chip curl radius, chip thickness deformation coefficient and chip width deformation coefficient) were negatively correlated with spindle speed; chip parameters were positively correlated with feed speed; chip parameters were positively correlated with cutting depth. The maximum deviation rate between measured values and predicted values for chip curl radius was 9.37%; the maximum deviation rate for cutting thickness deformation coefficient was 13.8%, and the maximum deviation rate of cutting width deformation coefficient was 7.86%. It can be seen that the established models are accurate. The models have guiding significance for chip control.

Formability of Explosive Welded Mg/Al Bimetallic Bar

2016 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Mróz ◽  
Piotr Szota ◽  
Teresa Bajor ◽  
Andrzej Stefanik
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Explosive Welding ◽  
Physical Modelling ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Welding Method

The paper presents the results of physical modelling of the plastic deformation of the Mg/Al bimetallic specimens using the Gleeble 3800 simulator. The plastic deformation of Mg/Al bimetal specimens characterized by the diameter to thickness ratio equal to 1 was tested in compression tests. The aim of this work was determination of the range of parameters as temperature and strain rate that mainly influence on the plastic deformation of Mg/Al bars during metal forming processes. The tests were carried out for temperature range from 300 to 400°C for different strain rate values. The stock was round 22.5 mm-diameter with an Al layer share of 28% Mg/Al bars that had been produced using the explosive welding method. Based on the analysis of the obtained testing results it has been found that one of the main process parameters influencing the plastic deformation the bimetal components is the initial stock temperature and strain rate values.

Quality Monitoring and Prospects of Wire Bonding

2012 ◽  
Vol 588-589 ◽  
pp. 1156-1160
Author(s):  
Ge Ge Mei ◽  
Bin Jin ◽  
Wei Gong
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Wire Bonding ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Microelectronic Packaging ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Bonding Quality ◽  
Semiconductor Packaging

Wire bonding is rapidly developmental technology of microelectronic packaging nearly half a century and become the main trend of semiconductor packaging field currently. This article introduces the main process parameters influencing on bonding quality, the methods to improve the bonding reliability, and prospects of developmental tendency of wire bonding.

Research on Warpage of Polystyrene in Selective Laser Sintering

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 578-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.Y. Wang ◽  
Q. Dong ◽  
X.X. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Hatch Spacing

Warpage is a crucial factor to accuracy of sintering part in selective laser sintering (SLS) process. In this paper, The influence of process parameters on warpage when sintering polystyrene(PS) materials in SLS are investigated. The laser power, scanning speed, hatch spacing, layer thickness as well as temperature of powder are considered as the main process parameters. The results showed that warpage increases with the increase of hatch space. Contary to it, warpage decreases with the increase of laser power. Warpage decreases with the increase of layer thickness between 0.16~0.18mm and changes little with increase of the thickness. Warpage increases along with the increase of scanning speed but decreases when the speed is over about 2000mm/s. When the temperature changes between 82°C-86°C, warpage decreases little with the increase of temperature. But further increase of temperature leads to warpage decreasing sharply when the temperature changes between 86°C-90°C.

Large-Diameter Line Pipe Expanding Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Xia He ◽  
Rong Chang Li
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Shape Accuracy ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Array Optimization

Mechanical expanding process for large diameter line pipe, a detailed analysis of factors affecting the quality of the final products of the mechanical expansion and proposed optimization using orthogonal array optimization method, as an indicator of dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of the products, combination of a variety of specifications of mechanical expanding products, the main process parameters to be optimized. Analysis and discussion of results, revealing the degree of influence of various factors on the quality of the final product, and gives the optimum combination of the results. Experiments show that the combination of optimized process parameters, and more help to improve the accuracy of the size and shape of products.

scholarly journals Effect of Aneurysm and Patient Characteristics on Intracranial Aneurysm Wall Thickness

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M. Acosta ◽  
Anne F. Cayron ◽  
Nicolas Dupuy ◽  
Graziano Pelli ◽  
Bernard Foglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Aneurysm ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Western World ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Thickness Uniformity ◽  
Neck Size ◽  
Aneurysm Wall

Background: The circle of Willis is a network of arteries allowing blood supply to the brain. Bulging of these arteries leads to formation of intracranial aneurysm (IA). Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to IA rupture is among the leading causes of disability in the western world. The formation and rupture of IAs is a complex pathological process not completely understood. In the present study, we have precisely measured aneurysmal wall thickness and its uniformity on histological sections and investigated for associations between IA wall thickness/uniformity and commonly admitted risk factors for IA rupture.Methods: Fifty-five aneurysm domes were obtained at the Geneva University Hospitals during microsurgery after clipping of the IA neck. Samples were embedded in paraffin, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin-eosin to measure IA wall thickness. The mean, minimum, and maximum wall thickness as well as thickness uniformity was measured for each IA. Clinical data related to IA characteristics (ruptured or unruptured, vascular location, maximum dome diameter, neck size, bottleneck factor, aspect and morphology), and patient characteristics [age, smoking, hypertension, sex, ethnicity, previous SAH, positive family history for IA/SAH, presence of multiple IAs and diagnosis of polycystic kidney disease (PKD)] were collected.Results: We found positive correlations between maximum dome diameter or neck size and IA wall thickness and thickness uniformity. PKD patients had thinner IA walls. No associations were found between smoking, hypertension, sex, IA multiplicity, rupture status or vascular location, and IA wall thickness. No correlation was found between patient age and IA wall thickness. The group of IAs with non-uniform wall thickness contained more ruptured IAs, women and patients harboring multiple IAs. Finally, PHASES and ELAPSS scores were positively correlated with higher IA wall heterogeneity.Conclusion: Among our patient and aneurysm characteristics of interest, maximum dome diameter, neck size and PKD were the three factors having the most significant impact on IA wall thickness and thickness uniformity. Moreover, wall thickness heterogeneity was more observed in ruptured IAs, in women and in patients with multiple IAs. Advanced medical imaging allowing in vivo measurement of IA wall thickness would certainly improve personalized management of the disease and patient care.

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Self Piercing Riveting Process with Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastic and Aluminium Sheets

2013 ◽  
Vol 554-557 ◽  
pp. 1045-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Welf Guntram Drossel ◽  
Reinhard Mauermann ◽  
Raik Grützner ◽  
Danilo Mattheß
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

In this study a numerical simulation model was designed for representing the joining process of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) and aluminum alloy with semi-tubular self-piercing rivet. The first step towards this goal is to analyze the piercing process of CFRP numerical and experimental. Thereby the essential process parameters, tool geometries and material characteristics are determined and in finite element model represented. Subsequently the finite element model will be verified and calibrated by experimental studies. The next step is the integration of the calibrated model parameters from the piercing process in the extensive simulation model of self-piercing rivet process. The comparison between the measured and computed values, e.g. process parameters and the geometrical connection characteristics, shows the reached quality of the process model. The presented method provides an experimental reliable characterization of the damage of the composite material and an evaluation of the connection performances, regarding the anisotropic property of CFRP.

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