scholarly journals Microfluidic Temperature Behavior in a Multi-Material 3D Printed Chip

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Sanchez ◽  
Greg Nordin ◽  
Troy Munro
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
Iterative Process ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Microfluidic Chips ◽  
Process Verification ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract As analysis systems shrink in size to microfluidic scales and devices, there is a need to improve temperature control in the microscale for temperature-sensitive processes. Technology that combines accurate temperature measurement and 3D spatial control of the temperature distribution is limited by common 2D layer-based microfluidic fabrication techniques but can be realized with 3D printed microfluidic chips. This work presents an iterative process to create a microfluidic chip using multi-material 3D printing to improve temperature sensing and create an even temperature around a target volume. Through an iterative process, verification is presented of fluorophore viability (specifically CdTe quantum dots) after being secured in place by cured PR48 3D printing resin, thus confirming the possibility of fluorescent thermometry as an accurate non-contact temperature sensing method. Numerical analyses of various geometries of chip design iterations are also presented verifying spatially even heating due to the placement of heating sources in the microfluidic chip. Combining the fluorescent thermometry and improved heating will lead to improved temperature control in microfluidic devices.

scholarly journals Portable all-in-one automated microfluidic system (PAMICON) with 3D-printed chip using novel fluid control mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yushen Zhang ◽  
Tsun-Ming Tseng ◽  
Ulf Schlichtmann
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Microfluidic Chips ◽  
Microfluidic Systems ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Pdms Chip

AbstractState-of-the-art microfluidic systems rely on relatively expensive and bulky off-chip infrastructures. The core of a system—the microfluidic chip—requires a clean room and dedicated skills to be fabricated. Thus, state-of-the-art microfluidic systems are barely accessible, especially for the do-it-yourself (DIY) community or enthusiasts. Recent emerging technology—3D-printing—has shown promise to fabricate microfluidic chips more simply, but the resulting chip is mainly hardened and single-layered and can hardly replace the state-of-the-art Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chip. There exists no convenient fluidic control mechanism yet suitable for the hardened single-layered chip, and particularly, the hardened single-layered chip cannot replicate the pneumatic valve—an essential actuator for automatically controlled microfluidics. Instead, 3D-printable non-pneumatic or manually actuated valve designs are reported, but their application is limited. Here, we present a low-cost accessible all-in-one portable microfluidic system, which uses an easy-to-print single-layered 3D-printed microfluidic chip along with a novel active control mechanism for fluids to enable more applications. This active control mechanism is based on air or gas interception and can, e.g., block, direct, and transport fluid. As a demonstration, we show the system can automatically control the fluid in microfluidic chips, which we designed and printed with a consumer-grade 3D-printer. The system is comparably compact and can automatically perform user-programmed experiments. All operations can be done directly on the system with no additional host device required. This work could support the spread of low budget accessible microfluidic systems as portable, usable on-the-go devices and increase the application field of 3D-printed microfluidic devices.

scholarly journals Light-based 3D printing of functional polydimethylsiloxane- based microfluidic chips

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo A. Gonzalez ◽  
Annalisa Chiappone ◽  
Kurt Dietliker ◽  
Pirri C. Fabrizio ◽  
Ignazio Roppolo
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Microfluidic Chips ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
3D Printed

The objective of the work is to fabricate and functionalize 3D printed PDMS-based microfluidic chips through digital light processing DLP-3D printing.

scholarly journals A Method for Manufacturing Flexible Microfluidic Chip Based on Soluble Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Junyao Wang ◽  
Xingyu Chen ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
Gongchen Sun ◽  
Yunpeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Bonding Process ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Microfluidic Chips ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Soluble Material

In this paper, a novel method for manufacturing flexible microfluidic chips without bonding process is proposed, which combines 3D printing technology and material dissolution technology. The manufacturing process of the microfluidic chip is as follows: a soluble HIPS mold with a preset shape is manufactured by 3D printing and placed in a molten PDMS solution for solidification. Soak in the limonene material to dissolve the mold and form a microchannel in the cured PDMS. Experimental studies have shown that the temperature and concentration of the limonene solution have an important effect on the dissolution rate. A 0.62 cm3 HIPS mold has the fastest dissolution rate at 100°C and 50% concentration. The proposed method provided a new idea for fabricating flexible microfluidic chip. Compared to bonding process, it has the characteristics of not relying on complicated processing conditions and low manufacturing cost.

scholarly journals Engineering 3D Printed Microfluidic Chips for the Fabrication of Nanomedicines

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2134
Author(s):  
Aytug Kara ◽  
Athina Vassiliadou ◽  
Baris Ongoren ◽  
William Keeble ◽  
Richard Hing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Microfluidic Chips ◽  
Acid Media ◽  
3D Printed

Currently, there is an unmet need to manufacture nanomedicines in a continuous and controlled manner. Three-dimensional (3D) printed microfluidic chips are an alternative to conventional PDMS chips as they can be easily designed and manufactured to allow for customized designs that are able to reproducibly manufacture nanomedicines at an affordable cost. The manufacturing of microfluidic chips using existing 3D printing technologies remains very challenging because of the intricate geometry of the channels. Here, we demonstrate the manufacture and characterization of nifedipine (NFD) polymeric nanoparticles based on Eudragit L-100 using 3D printed microfluidic chips with 1 mm diameter channels produced with two 3D printing techniques that are widely available, stereolithography (SLA) and fuse deposition modeling (FDM). Fabricated polymeric nanoparticles showed good encapsulation efficiencies and particle sizes in the range of 50–100 nm. SLA chips possessed better channel resolution and smoother channel surfaces, leading to smaller particle sizes similar to those obtained by conventional manufacturing methods based on solvent evaporation, while SLA manufactured nanoparticles showed a minimal burst effect in acid media compared to nanoparticles fabricated with FDM chips. Three-dimensional printed microfluidic chips are a novel and easily amenable cost-effective strategy to allow for customization of the design process for continuous manufacture of nanomedicines under controlled conditions, enabling easy scale-up and reducing nanomedicine development times, while maintaining high-quality standards.

scholarly journals Can 3D Printing Bring Droplet Microfluidics to Every Lab?—A Systematic Review

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
Nafisat Gyimah ◽  
Ott Scheler ◽  
Toomas Rang ◽  
Tamas Pardy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Chemical Application ◽  
Chip Fabrication ◽  
3D Printed

In recent years, additive manufacturing has steadily gained attention in both research and industry. Applications range from prototyping to small-scale production, with 3D printing offering reduced logistics overheads, better design flexibility and ease of use compared with traditional fabrication methods. In addition, printer and material costs have also decreased rapidly. These advantages make 3D printing attractive for application in microfluidic chip fabrication. However, 3D printing microfluidics is still a new area. Is the technology mature enough to print complex microchannel geometries, such as droplet microfluidics? Can 3D-printed droplet microfluidic chips be used in biological or chemical applications? Is 3D printing mature enough to be used in every research lab? These are the questions we will seek answers to in our systematic review. We will analyze (1) the key performance metrics of 3D-printed droplet microfluidics and (2) existing biological or chemical application areas. In addition, we evaluate (3) the potential of large-scale application of 3D printing microfluidics. Finally, (4) we discuss how 3D printing and digital design automation could trivialize microfluidic chip fabrication in the long term. Based on our analysis, we can conclude that today, 3D printers could already be used in every research lab. Printing droplet microfluidics is also a possibility, albeit with some challenges discussed in this review.

scholarly journals 3D Printed Integrated Multi-Layer Microfluidic Chips for Ultra-High Volumetric Throughput Nanoliposome Preparation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Shan ◽  
Qibo Lin ◽  
Danfeng Wang ◽  
Xin Sun ◽  
Biao Quan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Microfluidic Chips ◽  
Total Flow ◽  
Total Flow Rate ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Liposome Size ◽  
3D Printed

Although microfluidic approaches for liposomes preparation have been developed, fabricating microfluidic devices remains expensive and time-consuming. Also, owing to the traditional layout of microchannels, the volumetric throughput of microfluidics has been greatly limited. Herein an ultra-high volumetric throughput nanoliposome preparation method using 3D printed microfluidic chips is presented. A high-resolution projection micro stereolithography (PμSL) 3D printer is applied to produce microfluidic chips with critical dimensions of 400 µm. The microchannels of the microfluidic chip adopt a three-layer layout, achieving the total flow rate (TFR) up to 474 ml min−1, which is remarkably higher than those in the reported literature. The liposome size can be as small as 80 nm. The state of flows in microchannels and the effect of turbulence on liposome formation are explored. The experimental results demonstrate that the 3D printed integrated microfluidic chip enables ultra-high volumetric throughput nanoliposome preparation and can control size efficiently, which has great potential in targeting drug delivery systems.

scholarly journals 3D-Printed Microfluidics and Potential Biomedical Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Prabhakar ◽  
Raj Kumar Sen ◽  
Neeraj Dwivedi ◽  
Raju Khan ◽  
Pratima R. Solanki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Microfluidic Chips ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Diagnostic Technologies ◽  
Printing Techniques

3D printing is a smart additive manufacturing technique that allows the engineering of biomedical devices that are usually difficult to design using conventional methodologies such as machining or molding. Nowadays, 3D-printed microfluidics has gained enormous attention due to their various advantages including fast production, cost-effectiveness, and accurate designing of a range of products even geometrically complex devices. In this review, we focused on the recent significant findings in the field of 3D-printed microfluidic devices for biomedical applications. 3D printers are used as fabrication tools for a broad variety of systems for a range of applications like diagnostic microfluidic chips to detect different analytes, for example, glucose, lactate, and glutamate and the biomarkers related to different clinically relevant diseases, for example, malaria, prostate cancer, and breast cancer. 3D printers can print various materials (inorganic and polymers) with varying density, strength, and chemical properties that provide users with a broad variety of strategic options. In this article, we have discussed potential 3D printing techniques for the fabrication of microfluidic devices that are suitable for biomedical applications. Emerging diagnostic technologies using 3D printing as a method for integrating living cells or biomaterials into 3D printing are also reviewed.

scholarly journals Development of Patient Specific Conformal 3D-Printed Devices for Dose Verification in Radiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8657
Author(s):  
Antonio Jreije ◽  
Lalu Keshelava ◽  
Mindaugas Ilickas ◽  
Jurgita Laurikaitiene ◽  
Benas Gabrielis Urbonavicius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Dose Assessment ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Dose Verification ◽  
3D Printed

In radiation therapy, a bolus is used to improve dose distribution in superficial tumors; however, commercial boluses lack conformity to patient surface leading to the formation of an air gap between the bolus and patient surface and suboptimal tumor control. The aim of this study was to explore 3D-printing technology for the development of patient-specific conformal 3D-printed devices, which can be used for the radiation treatment of superficial head and neck cancer (HNC). Two 3D boluses (0.5 and 1.0 cm thick) for surface dose build-up and patient-specific 3D phantom were printed based on reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) images of a patient with HNC. The 3D-printed patient-specific phantom indicated good tissue equivalency (HU = −32) and geometric accuracy (DSC = 0.957). Both boluses indicated high conformity to the irregular skin surface with minimal air gaps (0.4–2.1 mm for 0.5 cm bolus and 0.6–2.2 mm for 1.0 cm bolus). The performed dose assessment showed that boluses of both thicknesses have comparable effectiveness, increasing the dose that covers 99% of the target volume by 52% and 26% for single field and intensity modulated fields, respectively, when compared with no bolus case. The performed investigation showed the potential of 3D printing in development of cost effective, patient specific and patient friendly conformal devices for dose verification in radiotherapy.

scholarly journals 3D-Printed Microfluidic Sensor for Fluorescence Measurements

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Nawrot ◽  
Wioletta Gzubicka ◽  
Karol Malecha
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Rapid Manufacturing ◽  
Microfluidic Chips ◽  
Communication Interface ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
3D Printed

In this work a fluorescent microfluidic sensor is developed, manufactured and characterized through additive manufacturing technique, using transparent photopolymer. A technology widely known as 3D printing is very suitable for tailor-made microfluidic chips, as it allows for rapid manufacturing. Optical structures can be developed using transparent materials, and this work describes a technique for increasing light transmission through such structure. A complete, inexpensive electronic device is described, containing microfluidic chip, light source, photodetector, microcontroller, communication interface and a multifunctional package with embedded connectors. Performed analyses show that performed surface modification significantly improves light transmission through structure, the material does not show autofluorescence, and whole device is suitable for fluorescence measurements.

Compatible Component Parameter Selection Plan of Temperature Sensing Resistor in Reciprocating Temperature Control Circuit

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 210-213
Author(s):  
Ji Fang Wang ◽  
Xiang Dong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Control ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Parameter Selection ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Control Circuit ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Circuit Parameter ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Wearing Off ◽  
Circuit Component

The core component is temperature-sensing resistor in the temperature control circuit. If the resistor is still used in the circuit after its wearing off, temperature control point deviation will be caused and working requirements are not being met. Temperature-sensing resistor requires to be replaced frequently while the components with the same performance are not readily available. In this paper, computer simulation technology and bi-directional parameter scanning are introduced to analyze the influences on circuit which are caused by compatible circuit component parameters. Thus, a circuit parameter selection plan, designed to correspond to specific temperature sensitive resistor, is formulated to adjust temperature-sensing resistors with different specifications to achieve the same control effect.

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