Hydrotesting and In-Line Inspection: Now and in the Future

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Rau ◽  
Mike Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Inherent Safety ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
The Future ◽  
Integrity Assurance ◽  
High Level

Pressure testing of pipelines has been around in some form or another since the 1950s1–14. In its earliest form, operators used inert gases such as Nitrogen or even air to test for pipeline integrity. However, with the significant increases in pipeline pressures and inherent safety issues with a pressurized gas, the switch to using water happened in the late 1960’s15–17. Hydrostatic tests (referred to as hydrotests) have been used since then to set and reset the Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP) for pipelines but as other technologies develop and gain acceptance will hydrotesting still play a key role in pipeline integrity in the years ahead? Currently, hydrotesting is a topic for the impending US Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration’s (PHMSA) Proposed New Rule Making (PNRM)18. Under the NPRM, hydrotesting is required to verify MAOP on pre-1970s US “grandfathered” pipelines, as well as on pipelines of any age with incomplete or missing testing record and include a high level test with a “spike” in pressure. But hydrotesting may not be the only method. Alternative methods and new technologies — used alone or used in combination with hydrotesting — may help provide a more comprehensive way for operators to identify and address potential problems before they become a significant threat. This paper explores both sides of the argument. Before In-Line Inspection (ILI) technology was even available, hydrotesting was the absolute means of the proof of integrity. However, hydrotesting is under scrutiny for many reasons that this paper explores. ILI was introduced in the 1960’s with the first commercially available Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) tools that presented the industry with an alternative. Currently there are a huge array of available technologies on an ILI tool and so is the role of the hydrotest over? The paper looks at the benefits of the hydrotest and these are presented and balanced against available ILI technology. Furthermore, as pipelines are being developed in even more harsh environments such as deepwater developments, the actual logistics of performing a hydrotest become more challenging. The paper will also look at both applications onshore and offshore where regulators have accepted waivers to a hydrotest using alternative methods of proving integrity. The paper concludes with the current use and needs for hydrotesting, the regulatory viewpoint, the alternatives and also what the future developments need to focus on and how technology may be improved to provide at least a supplement if not a replacement to this means of integrity assurance.

Forecasting Research and Technoscience: Contemporary Status, Specifics and Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Ivancheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Social Interests ◽  
The Future ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Contemporary Status

The article emphasizes the role of the advancement of modern science and new technologies in forecasting research as a key factor for making prognoses for the future. It presents the concept of technoscience, developed by the author, as a blend and symbiosis of modern science and technologies, converging on the basis of similar purposes, objects of treatment and outcomes, as well as of the rising engagement with social interests and attitudes. Furthermore, the main kinds of forecasting research with their specifics, advantages and limitations are outlined, pointing out the special role of building foresight scenarios for the future as a prognosis and policy instrument. The tendencies in this field of research are identified, revealing the challenges related to modern technoscience, and the possible solutions.

The Development and Establishment of Technology in South Africa

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
N.P. du Preez ◽  
P. van Eldik ◽  
M. Möhr ◽  
H.H. van der Watt
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Manufacturing Efficiency ◽  
Perceived Importance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Detailed Questionnaire

In a two-part analysis (see pp 17–26 for Part 1), the authors discuss the key results of a South African project conducted during 1996 which focused on the factors relating to the development and establishment of technology in a country. The study investigated through a detailed questionnaire survey and a literature survey the various factors that promote the development and establishment of technology by comparing their perceived importance with the actual role they currently play in South Africa. This paper, Part 2, concentrates on the role of industry. The study showed that the availability of high-level technological people dominated the top (at 90%) of the list of factors relating to individual organizations and the role they play in the development of technology. Other prominent factors were the existence of a corporate technology strategy (88.4%), the need to improve manufacturing efficiency and processes (88.4%), the ability of top management to understand new technologies (87.9%), and the availability of funds for research and development (86.2%). The survey clearly indicated that South African organizations were not performing well with respect to these and other factors evaluated. All of them have been rated below 50%, indicating the seriousness of the problem. The corresponding recommendations made are of importance to younger countries with developing economies.

Envisioning the future role of librarians: skills, services and information resources

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 2-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philomena W. Mwaniki
Keyword(s):  
Academic Libraries ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
User Needs ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
Evolution Of Technology

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize the future of academic libraries in the era of new user needs, new skills for staff and services offered. The literature shows the evolution of new technologies and the implications they have on the staff, library services and new user needs. The discussions in this paper are surrounded by conceptualization of what the library products and services will be in future academic libraries. It also looks at future studies that explore opportunities for librarians to advance their professional role. Design/methodology/approach This is a literature-based conceptual paper that draws on a wide range of literature that hypothetically looks at the future roles of professional librarians, the collection, services and the evolution of technology on the new user needs. Findings The library today will give the basis for the future librarian’s role, the emerging user needs and impact of service delivery. Technological advances have also affected the establishment of library systems and services offered. The emerging future roles will generally depend on how advanced the libraries are in the region or country including Kenya. Originality/value This paper adds a flexible approach to the skills, services as a role of future librarians.

scholarly journals Foresight as a tool of public administration in the field of science, technology and innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
T. Kvasha ◽  
◽  
L. Musina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
National Level ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Science Technology And Innovation

Given the growing role of technological foresight as a tool for reconciling visions, goals and ways of STI development in an era of rapid technological change and global challenges, the approach to foresight research to select priorities for science and innovation in Ukraine for 2022–2026 has been improved. It takes into account a wide range of national targets for achieving SDGs by 2030. The developed Methodological recommendations provided a thorough analysis of more than 3,000 potentially acceptable technological and innovative proposals. The approach to setting STI priorities is new for Ukraine and involves a consistent process of selecting the top 30 most acceptable proposals in each of the seven thematic areas through five stages of discussions and evaluations. The result was the formation of a database of technology passports and developments on the experts’ proposals, their selection by practitioners, ranking, evaluation in terms of the potential of Ukrainian science and relevance in terms of world science and new technologies using international databases. They are the basis for decisions by the Expert Councils and the High-Level Working Group on key thematic areas and the preparation of a relevant draft government decision. Despite the conditions of quarantine, for the first time more than 2,500 experts from science, business, state and public organizations took part in the discussions, which is the basis for impartial and public decision-making. To strengthen the role of foresight as a tool for public planning and management in the field of STI, it is proposed to develop a STI roadmap as part of a research and innovation strategy for smart specialization (RIS 3) at the national level.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Customers and Community Pharmacies during the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) Pandemic: A Survey from Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9582
Author(s):  
Francesca Baratta ◽  
Michele Ciccolella ◽  
Paola Brusa
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Misleading Information ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
The Future ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Community pharmacies are among the most easily accessible health services. Considering the major impact of COVID-19 in social terms, the purpose was to analyse the evolution of the relationship between community pharmacies and customers during the pandemic in 2020 and to understand which strategies should be implemented in the future. The data have been collected from May to December 2020. Pharmacists administered a questionnaire, also available online, to all customers that agreed to participate. The total number of respondents was 502. The results obtained confirm a generally high level of satisfaction with pharmacies among customers and appreciation for the role of community pharmacies. For the future, the priority is to monitor the situation to break down social inequalities. A task that can be entrusted to the branch of the healthcare service ideally suited to this end: local medicine, of which the community pharmacy is an essential element. The post-pandemic pharmacy will need to have the skills to provide accurate and reliable information on issues, including broad topics such as prevention and lifestyle to fight “syndemic” (two or more factors that work together to make a disease worse) and “infodemic” (too much information including false or misleading information during a disease outbreak).

Prospects of Professional Activity of Accountants in the Conditions of Digital Transformation of Accounting

Auditor ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Margarita Koske ◽  
Yuliya Mishuchkova ◽  
I. Voyutskaya
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Accounting Profession ◽  
The Future

This article discusses and analyzes the recently widespread opinion about the future futility of the accounting profession. Indeed, new technologies contribute to a change in the organization of accounting work and the role of accountants in business management, which necessitates the search and substantiation of optimal ways and adequate forms of professional activity of accountants in the context of rationalization and increasing digitalization of management. Nevertheless, the scientifi c accounting community continues to defend the opinion that there are currently no real prerequisites for the disappearance of the accounting profession, as well as a tangible decrease in the demand for accountants in the labor market.

Generics at the Crossroads: Will Europe Lead the Way Forward?

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
Eric Gorka
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
National Level ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The Future ◽  
Operational Excellence

The generics industry is at a crossroads. Fundamental growth drivers remain unchanged, and should result in sustained long-term growth. However, growing cost and pricing pressures mean the industry of the future will look very different and the longer term impact of the financial crisis is still unclear. Future industry structure will also be determined by the extent to which genuine competition is allowed to emerge and to overcome the trend towards nationalist protectionist policies. The companies that succeed will be those that excel in four key areas: launches, differentiation, geographic presence and operational excellence. They will implement variations on three basic strategies: leveraging fixed costs/economies of scale, using new technologies and focusing on value products. Although many questions remain to be answered, including the future role of Europe, several global trends are clear, including ongoing industry consolidation and the growing importance of biosimilars. Otherwise, much will depend on developments in the European Union (EU), the world's largest single market. The EU offers an object lesson in the need for political leadership not only from the top but also at the national level, where varying approaches can have make-or-break importance for generic penetration rates and thus for the industry as a whole.

scholarly journals Attitude to ICT and Self-Evaluation of Fluency in Using New Digital Devices, Websites and Software among Pre-Service Teachers

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (19) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Łukasz Tomczyk
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Future ◽  
A Minor

The objective of the research was to obtain data on the attitudes of the future generation of teachers towards using new media in their didactic and educational activities. Additionally, the text presents the level of their self-evaluation regarding the use of new ICT-based devices. Indicators of both variables are compared. The research was conducted in the biggest Polish pedagogical university, in the sample of 450 students. The technique used was the diagnostic survey. The data were collected in the first half of 2019 as part of the international project SELI. Based on the data obtained, it was noticed that pre-service teachers do not form a homogeneous group, which means there are individuals presenting a very positive attitudes towards introduction of new media as well as people who are careful when it comes to using ICT in teaching. Most respondents emphasize that using ICT in education is necessary and this trend is irreversible. There is a minor group of the future teachers who do not know websites and software to support learning and teaching (about 10%). Almost half of the respondents present divided views regarding the role of ICT in stimulating engagement, motivation and interest among the students. However, it should also be noted that almost half of the interviewees states that using smartphones at school should be banned. Positive attitude to new technologies in one area coincides with high opinion about ICT in other areas. Self-evaluation of own competencies is also internally coherent. It means that students who declared that they have no problems with using, for example, new devices, have no problems with using new websites or software.

scholarly journals Public Space in the New Urban Agenda. A Global Perspective on Our Common Urban Future

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Michael Mehaffy
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
The Future ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
High Level ◽  
New Urban Agenda

This article is a report on the work of our group, the Centre for the Future of Places at KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, and its role as an outgrowth of the Future of Places initiative – a partnership of UN-Habitat, the Ax:son Johnson Foundation, and the Project for Public Spaces. The original Future of Places initiative was a series of high-level conferences that brought together over 1,500 researchers, professionals, government leaders and activists from 275 organizations in 100 countries. The Future of Places also served as the first Urban Thinkers Campus, contributing to Habitat III and the language of its outcome document, the New Urban Agenda (United Nations, 2017). A primary focus of our series was the central role of public space as the connective framework for healthy urbanization – a point we made clear in the introduction to our “Key Messages” document: The Future of Places affirms the role of public spaces as the essential connective network on which healthy cities and human settlements grow and prosper. Public spaces enable synergistic interaction and exchange, creativity and delight, and the transfer of knowledge and skills. Public spaces can help residents to improve their prosperity, health, happiness and wellbeing, and to enrich their social relations and cultural life... (Future of Places, 2019).

Security and the Role of New Technologies and Innovation in Medical Ethics

2016 ◽  
pp. 52-77
Author(s):  
Michał Chojnacki ◽  
Anita Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Patients Rights ◽  
New Challenges

Modern medicine has never before experienced such a rapid development of what is observed at the turn of the century. New opportunities bring new challenges that both - medical staff and patients - will have to face. The paper examines the role and safety issues new medical technologies in the light of respect for patients' rights and ethical dilemmas. For a better delineation of the phenomenon, presented the key moments of the origins and development of medical innovation. Based on observations and the current direction of the health sector were presented significant areas where abuse can occur at the level of ethical issues. Discussions have been subjected to actions considered modern medicine, in the light of security and respect for the patients' rights.

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