Fabrication of 3D Scaffolds via E-Jet Printing for Tendon Tissue Repair

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Wu ◽  
J. Y. H. Fuh ◽  
Y. S. Wong ◽  
J. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Tendon Tissue ◽  
Tendon Regeneration ◽  
Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing ◽  
Small Pore ◽  
Engineered Tissue ◽  
Jet Printing

Current clinical grafts used in tendon treatment are subject to several restrictions and there is a significant demand for alternative engineered tissue. The previously reported tendon scaffolds mainly based on electrospinning and textile technologies showed promising results for tendon regeneration. However, limitations, such as small pore size, nutrition transmission, cell attachment, exist universally in such scaffolds. In this work, a novel tissue engineered polycaprolactone (PCL) tendon scaffold based on electrohydrodynamic jet printing (E-Jetting) was developed for investigation. In preliminary in-vitro study, human tenocytes were seeded in scaffolds with pore size of ∼106 μm to investigate the cell attachment, morphology and alignment. This study suggested that E-jetted tendon scaffold highly mimicked hierarchical construction from fiber to fascicle level of the native tendon, and has potential to be an alternative tendon regeneration tool.

In vitro study on the response of RAW264.7 and MS-5 fibroblast cells on laser-induced periodic surface structures for stainless steel alloys

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (53) ◽  
pp. 42548-42558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare McDaniel ◽  
Olga Gladkovskaya ◽  
Aiden Flanagan ◽  
Yury Rochev ◽  
Gerard M. O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Steel Alloys ◽  
Periodic Surface ◽  
Stent Surface

Cell attachment and growth can be controlled by stent surface topography. In some cases fibroblast cells attach while monocytes failed on the structured surface of Pt:SS and 316LSS stents.

IN VITRO EXPERIMENTS ON LASER SINTERED POROUS PCL SCAFFOLDS WITH POLYMER HYDROGEL FOR BONE REPAIR

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
pp. 983-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
MING-YIH LEE ◽  
SI-WEN LIU ◽  
JYH-PING CHEN ◽  
HAN-TSUNG LIAO ◽  
WEN-WEI TSAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Polymer Hydrogel ◽  
Loading Methods

Bone defects caused by tumors, diseased infection, trauma or abnormal bone development create a lot of serious health problems. Tissue engineering aims to fabricate tissues or organs using patients' cells for repairing the damaged tissues or organs in clinic. The aim of this study was to design and fabricate polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds using the inhouse-built selective laser sintering (SLS) rapid prototyping (RP) machine and combining with polymer hydrogel for in vitro study for bone repair. In this study, three configurations of scaffolds structure (0/45/0/45°, 0/90/0/90°, and 0/45/90/135° patterns) were designed and produced. The compressive modulus, porosity and pore size of porous scaffolds were first determined. In addition, polymer hydrogel was combined with PCL scaffolds with three loading methods (i.e., immersion method, injection method and titration method) to enhance scaffolds surface hydrophilicity for cell proliferation. Mesenchymal stem cells from New Zealand White rabbits were loaded on PCL scaffolds and induced to osteoblasts in vitro. Bone formation was determined by MTS assays, von Kossa stains and ALP activities. The experimental results showed the compressive moduli of scaffolds with 0/45/0/45°, 0/90/0/90°, and 0/45/90/135° patterns was 2 MPa, 3.4 MPa, and 3.75 MPa, respectively. The porosity of scaffolds was 72%, 76%, and 83%, respectively. The ranges of pore size of scaffolds were 350–400 μm, 400–500 μm, and 350–400 μm, respectively. By comparing three kinds of polymer hydrogel loading methods, titration method had the best result. The in vitro experimental results revealed that OD values of MTS tests and ALP activities increased from day 7 to day 21 and von Kossa stain revealed dark brown mineralized tissue, indicating cells could proliferate and differentiate in polymer hydrogel and scaffolds.

scholarly journals Synthesis and in vitro Evaluation of Thermosensitive PLA-g-P(HEM-co-NIPAAM) Hydrogel Used for Delivery of VEGF

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 8043-8051
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Engineered Tissue ◽  
Growth Factor Release ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Near Future ◽  
External Intervention

Bone has self-healing potential, but this characteristic is limited and requires external intervention. Bone formation is a dynamic process influenced by various growth factors. Angiogenesis is a fundamental phase and essential in the early stages of bone regeneration. Because of insufficient vascularization within osteoconductive or osteoinductive bone scaffolds, VEGF can be loaded into the scaffolds structure to induce blood vessels throughout engineered tissue. For this propose, PLA-g-P(HEM-co-NIPAAM) copolymers with HEMA:NIPAAm ratio of 1:1 and 1:5 are synthesized, and their biocompatibility, swelling, and vascular endothelial growth factor release properties are investigated. The hydrogels were biocompatible, and the cell attachment and growth were increased facing these hydrogels. The swelling performance of the synthesized hydrogels is increased by increasing the PHEMA ratio in the copolymer, which leads to high loading capacity. Different specifications for percent released over different time periods were achieved for the as-synthesized hydrogel, which will play a powerful role in bone regeneration in the near future.

Transport of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Across Calu-3 Cell Monolayers Modelling the Air-Blood Barrier

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Schulze ◽  
Ulrich F. Schaefer ◽  
Matthias Voetz ◽  
Wendel Wohlleben ◽  
Cornel Venzago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Epithelial Barrier ◽  
Nanoparticle Transport ◽  
Small Pore ◽  
Barrier Model

Abstract As inhalation is the major exposure route for nanoparticles, the question if inhaled particles can overcome the respiratory epithelial barrier and hence enter the body is of great interest. Here, we adapted the for soluble substances well established Calu-3 in vitro air-blood barrier model to the use of nanoparticle transport testing. As the usually used filter supports hindered particle transport due to their small pore size, supports with a pore size of 3 μm had to be used. On those filters, barrier and transport characteristics of the cells were tested and culture conditions changed to obtain optimal conditions. Functionality was confirmed with transport experiments with polystyrene model particles prior to testing of industrially relevant engineered metal oxide particles. Except for CeO2 nanoparticles, no transport across the epithelial barrier model could be detected. Paracellular permeability and barrier function was not affected by any of the nanoparticles, except for ZrO2.

scholarly journals Electrospinning of bioactive polycaprolactone-gelatin nanofibres with increased pore size for cartilage tissue engineering applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 471-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ângela Semitela ◽  
André F Girão ◽  
Carla Fernandes ◽  
Gonçalo Ramalho ◽  
Igor Bdikin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Electrospun Scaffolds ◽  
Small Pore ◽  
And Migration

Polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun scaffolds have been widely investigated for cartilage repair application. However, their hydrophobicity and small pore size has been known to prevent cell attachment, proliferation and migration. Here, PCL was blended with gelatin (GEL) combining the favorable biological properties of GEL with the good mechanical performance of the former. Also, polyethylene glycol (PEG) particles were introduced during the electrospinning of the polymers blend by simultaneous electrospraying. These particles were subsequently removed resulting in fibrous scaffolds with enlarged pore size. PCL, GEL and PEG scaffolds formulations were developed and extensively structural and biologically characterized. GEL incorporation on the PCL scaffolds led to a considerably improved cell attachment and proliferation. A substantial pore size and interconnectivity increase was obtained, allowing cell infiltration through the porogenic scaffolds. All together these results suggest that this combined approach may provide a potentially clinically viable strategy for cartilage regeneration.

scholarly journals Biological efficacy of perpendicular type-I collagen protruded from TiO2-nanotubes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Yu Chen ◽  
David. M. Kim ◽  
Cliff Lee ◽  
John Da Silva ◽  
Shigemi Nagai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Type I ◽  
Nih3t3 Cells ◽  
Biological Efficacy

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the biological efficacy of a unique perpendicular protrusion of type-I collagen (Col-I) from TiO2 nanotubes (NT-EPF surface). We hypothesized that the NT-EPF surface would play bifunctional roles in stimulating platelet-mediated fibroblast recruitment and anchoring fibroblast-derived Col-I to form a perpendicular collagen assembly, mimicking the connective tissue attachment around natural teeth for the long-term maintenance of dental implants. Ti surface modification was accomplished in two steps. First, TiO2 nanotubes (NT) array was fabricated via anodization. Diameters and depths of NTs were controlled by applied voltage and duration. Subsequently, an electrophoretic fusion (EPF) method was applied to fuse Col-I into nanotube arrays in a perpendicular fashion. Surface wettability was assessed by contact angle measurement. The bioactivity of modified TiO2 surfaces was evaluated in terms of NIH3T3 fibroblast attachment, platelet activation, and collagen extension. Early attachment, aggregation, and activation of platelets as well as release of platelet-related growth factors were demonstrated on NT-EPF surfaces. Platelet-mediated NIH3T3 cells migration toward NT-EPF was significantly increased and the attached cells showed a typical fibrous morphology with elongated spindle shape. A direct linkage between pseudopod-like processes of fibroblasts to NT-EPF surfaces was observed. Furthermore, the engineered EPF collagen protrusion linked with cell-derived collagen in a perpendicular fashion. Within the limitation of this in vitro study, the TiO2 nanotube with perpendicular Col-I surface (NT-EPF) promoted better cell attachment, induced a strong platelet activation which suggested the ability to create a more robust soft tissue seal.

scholarly journals ROLE OF REDUCING CELL LEAKAGE IN CELL CULTURE USING LARGE PORE SIZE PERMEABLE MEMBRANE

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Nur Kaliwantoro ◽  
Marsetyawan HNE Soesatyo ◽  
Indarto Indarto ◽  
Mohammad Juffrie ◽  
Rini Dharmastiti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Vero Cell ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Flow Chamber ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Large Pore ◽  
Small Pore ◽  
Large Pore Size ◽  
Cell Leakage

Permeable membranes are widely used in many in vitro studies using cell culture. Some cell leakage are often occurs when using permeable membrane with large pore size. Unfortunately the use of permeable membrane with smaller pore size in permeability studies faces some difficulties due to its small pore size and pore density. Recent study provides the protocol in using permeable membrane with large pore size with smaller cell leakage. Vero cell line (CCL-81, ATCC) was used and culture on polyester permeable membrane with 3 µm pore size. Visualization using inverted microscope was used to analized the cell leakage on the permeable membrane. Parallel plate flow chamber was used to analized the permeability performance of the Vero cell cultured on the permeable membrane. The result showed that the current technique is significant in reducing cell leakage of the cell cultured on large pore size of permeable membrane. The same results were found in using polyester and polycarbonate permeable membrane.

Crimped Fiber Printing via E-Jetting for Tissue Engineering

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Wu ◽  
Jerry Y. H. Fuh ◽  
Yoke San Wong
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Tendon Tissue ◽  
Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing ◽  
Tendon Tissue Engineering ◽  
Linear Movement ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Human Tendon ◽  
Cellular Alignment ◽  
Moving Path ◽  
Different Young’S Modulus

A regular pattern called crimp is an essential morphological feature of collagen fibers in native tendon. In this study, the direct crimp writing (DCW) and zig-zag pattern writing (ZPW) were developed based on electrohydrodynamic jet printing (E-jetting) process to fabricate the crimped fibers. For the DCW process, the fibers were deposited with the linear movement of stage, and the crimps (crimp angle: ∼ 46°; crimp length: ∼630 μm; fiber diameter: ∼100 μm) were formed from the spinning of fibers. For the ZPW process, the fibers was printed via the zig-zag moving path, and the effects of a vital process parameter (i.e. dwell time) on the fiber characteristics were investigated to obtain controllable and regular crimped fibers. The result of mechanical testing showed that the ZPW fibers exhibited the “toe” and linear regions with different Young’s modulus (4 ± 1 MPa and 23 ± 4 MPa, respectively), while DCW fibers were found only with linear region. Compared with DCW process, the ZPW process was able to fabricate crimped fibers in a more controllable pathway. The human tenocytes were also seeded on the ZPW fibers to investigate the cellular alignment. This study suggested that ZPW process was capable of printing crimped fibers which mimicked the fiber profile in human tendon, and has the potential in scaffold fabrication for tendon tissue engineering.

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