Body Composition of Women with Anorexia Nervosa: A Pilot Study

1987 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Charest-Lilly ◽  
Claudine Sherrill ◽  
Joel Rosentswieg
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Jackson Pollock ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Minimal Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to examine the estimated body composition values of women hospitalized for treatment of anorexia nervosa in relation to values reported in the literature for women without known dietary problems. Sixteen volunteers between the ages of 16 and 37 years from hospitals in California and Texas participated in the study. Data collected included height, weight, and selected skinfold and circumference measures. Statistical analyses included independent and paired t tests. Significant differences were found between the percent body fat of anorexic subjects (M = 15.54%) and that of normative women in the Jackson, Pollock, and Ward (1980) study (M = 24.09%). When the actual weight of the anorexic subjects (M = 99.3 lb) was compared with their theoretical minimal weight calculated by the Behnke (1969) formula (M = 106.5 lb), no significant difference was obtained. A comparison of somatogram data for the anorexic women and the reference woman found significant differences at 5 of the 11 sites measured.

scholarly journals Hormonal and Body Composition Predictors of Soluble Leptin Receptor, Leptin, and Free Leptin Index in Adolescent Girls with Anorexia Nervosa and Controls and Relation to Insulin Sensitivity

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (7) ◽  
pp. 3486-3495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhusmita Misra ◽  
Karen K. Miller ◽  
Cecilia Almazan ◽  
Kavitha Ramaswamy ◽  
Avichal Aggarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Soluble Leptin Receptor

Abstract Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with very low levels of leptin, a cytokine secreted by adipose tissue and known to suppress appetite. Leptin may play a permissive role in onset of puberty and in resumption of gonadal function in conditions of undernutrition. The soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) is the main leptin binding protein, and the ratio of serum leptin to sOB-R provides a measure of the free leptin index (FLI), which may be a more accurate determinant of leptin function. Determinants of sOB-R and FLI have not been examined in an adolescent population. We examined levels of sOB-R, leptin, and FLI, and body composition and hormonal determinants of these variables in 23 adolescent girls with AN and 21 healthy adolescent girls of comparable maturity prospectively over 1 yr. Measures of insulin resistance and adiponectin were also examined. We determined changes in levels of sOB-R, leptin, and FLI with weight recovery (defined as an increase in body mass index of ≥10%, n = 11), and with resumption of menstrual cycles (n = 13). Girls with AN had significantly higher levels of sOB-R (P = 0.0008) and significantly lower levels of leptin and FLI (P < 0.0001 for both) than healthy controls, and levels of FLI were reduced more than levels of leptin in girls with AN compared with controls. An inverse correlation was noted between levels of leptin and sOB-R for the group as a whole (r = −0.64, P < 0.0001) but not in girls with AN considered alone. The most important predictor of levels of sOB-R was cortisol in the group as a whole (r = 0.61, P < 0.0001) and in girls with AN considered alone (r = 0.66, P = 0.0008). Other independent predictors of sOB-R levels for the entire group were percent body fat (r = −0.44, P = 0.003) and levels of IGF-I (r = −0.37, P = 0.01). The most important predictors of leptin and FLI were body mass index and percent body fat. An inverse relationship was noted between measures of insulin resistance and sOB-R levels, whereas a positive association was noted between these measures and leptin and FLI. Adiponectin values did not differ in girls with AN compared with healthy controls and did not correlate with sOB-R, leptin, or FLI. Weight recovery resulted in significant decreases in levels of the sOB-R (24.7 ± 1.7 to 17.6 ± 1.2 U/ml, P = 0.004), and increases in levels of leptin (4.4 ± 1.0 to 13.7 ± 2.9 μg/liter, P = 0.02). Resumption of menstrual function, but not weight recovery alone, was associated with significant increases in FLI (0.19 ± 0.04 to 0.50 ± 0.09 μg/U × 10−3, P = 0.02). We demonstrate an increase in levels of sOB-R and a decrease in the FLI in adolescent girls with AN, and also demonstrate that cortisol is the most important predictor of levels of sOB-R in this condition. Levels of leptin and FLI, conversely, are primarily predicted by body composition. Weight recovery is associated with a decrease in sOB-R and an increase in leptin. Resumption of menses is associated with significant increases in the FLI, suggesting that free leptin may be an important determinant of menstrual recovery.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study Examining Body Composition Classification Differences Between Body Mass Index and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Children With High Levels of Physical Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Farbo ◽  
Deborah J. Rhea
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Body mass index (BMI) is frequently labeled as “flawed” in assessing obesity since it cannot differentiate between muscle and fat leading to misclassifications of healthy individuals. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) may be a more accurate indicator of obesity since it can distinguish the difference between muscle and fat in children. This pilot study investigated discrepancies between BMI and BIA body composition classifications in children with high levels of physical activity.Methods: Participants were selected from three elementary schools (N = 380, K = 76, 1st = 64, 2nd = 62, 3rd = 61, 4th = 83, and 5th = 34) receiving 60 min of outdoor, unstructured play daily. BIA scales were used to collect each child's body fat percentage and BMI score, then those numbers were categorized by BIA and BMI normative values as either underweight, healthy, overweight, or obese.Results: Overall, 26% of the students were classified differently when using the normative classifications for BMI and BIA, with the largest discrepancy found in the overweight category at 38%. Similar inconsistencies were found when students were divided as younger (42%) vs older students (36%), and males (40%) vs. females (35%).Conclusions: This pilot study demonstrated that there is a significant difference in how BMI and BIA discriminate between the different body composition categories. BIA consistently shows to be a more accurate tool in assessing obesity rates in children since it directly measures body fat.

To Assess and Correlate Resting Heart Rate, Body Composition and Heart Rate Variability in Judo and Wushu Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-421
Author(s):  
Sapna Yadav ◽  
Gaurav Kadyan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Body Density ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: This study aimed to compare and correlate the resting heart rate, body composition and heart rate variability among judo and wushu players. Method: 40 athletes (20 judo and 20 wushu players) were included in the study. Body composition (BMI, subcutaneous body mass, skeletal body mass, body fat %, body density, Visceral fat, Lean body mass) was evaluated with the help of 7 skinfold thickness and body circumferences with the help of Harpenden calliper and measuring tape respectively. HRV (RMSSD, SDNN, LF/HF, LFnu and HFnu) was recorded in resting state (~5min) with the help of Heart wear shimmer ECG device. Result: No significant difference of body composition and HRV variables (p> 0.05) was found between the two groups except Body fat % and body density (p<0.05) which differ significantly among the two groups. In Judo, LF/HF and LFnu showed significant positive correlation with BMI (p<0.05, r=-0.488), subcutaneous whole-body mass (p<0.05, r=-0.464), visceral fat (p<0.05, r =-0.508), and body fat % (p<0.05, r =-0.626. Whereas HFnu showed significant negative correlation with BMI (p<0.05, r=-0.488), subcutaneous whole-body mass (p<0.05, r=-0.464), visceral fat (p<0.05, r=-0.505) and body fat % (p<0.05, r=-0.626). Whereas no correlation was found between HRV and Body composition in wushu players. Conclusion: Reduction in body fat % and visceral fat in judo players indicate improved sympathovagal balance which can be due to the adaptation induced by training loads. Similar results were not seen in wushu players because of high amount of body fat% and visceral fat. Keywords: Body composition, combat sports, heart rate variability, Body fat %, resting heart rate.

VALIDITY OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL PHOTONIC SCANNING TECHNIQUE FOR ESTIMATING PERCENT BODY FAT

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
K. SHITARA ◽  
H. KANEHISA ◽  
T. FUKUNAGA ◽  
T. YANAI ◽  
Y. KAWAKAMI
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Body Volume ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Body Surface ◽  
Estimated Error

Background:Three-dimensional photonic scanning (3DPS) was recently developed to measuredimensions of a human body surface. Objective:The purpose of this study was to explore the validity of bodyvolume measured by 3DPS for estimating the percent body fat (%fat). Design, setting, participants, andmeasurement:The body volumes were determined by 3DPS in 52 women. The body volume was corrected forresidual lung volume. The %fat was estimated from body density and compared with the corresponding referencevalue determined by the dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results:No significant difference was foundfor the mean values of %fat obtained by 3DPS (22.2 ± 7.6%) and DXA (23.5 ± 4.9%). The root mean squareerror of %fat between 3DPS and reference technique was 6.0%. For each body segment, there was a significantpositive correlation between 3DPS- and DXA-values, although the corresponding value for the head was slightlylarger in 3DPS than in DXA. Residual lung volume was negatively correlated with the estimated error in %fat.Conclusions:The body volume determined with 3DPS is potentially useful for estimating %fat. A possiblestrategy for enhancing the measurement accuracy of %fat might be to refine the protocol for preparing thesubject’s hair prior to scanning and to improve the accuracy in the measurement of residual lung volume.

scholarly journals Association between Infant Feeding and Early Postpartum Infant Body Composition: A Pilot Prospective Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Kojo Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Mixed Feeding ◽  
Early Postpartum Period ◽  
Prepregnancy Weight ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
Infant Birth ◽  
The Impact

Research studies have produced conflicting results of the impact of breastfeeding on overweight/obesity. This study evaluated the impact of infant feeding on infant body composition. There were two groups of mother-infant pairs (exclusive breastfeeding [EBF;n=27] and mixed feeding [MF;n=13]) in this study. At baseline, participants were similar in their demographic characteristics except prepregnancy weight, where MF mothers tended to be heavier than their EBF counterparts (67.3 kg versus 59.9 kg;P=.034). Infant birth weight was slightly higher among the MF group than their EBF counterparts (3.5 kg versus 3.4 kg), although the differences were not statistically significant. At 3 months postpartum, mean infant FMI (4.1 kg/m2versus 3.8 kg/m2) and percent body fat (24.4% versus 23.1%) were slightly higher among EBF infants than MF infants. In terms of growth velocity, EBF infants gained weight faster than their MF counterparts, although the differences were not statistically significant. The findings from this study suggest that EBF may promote faster weight gain and increase in both fat mass index (FMI) and percent body fat in the early postpartum period in addition to the numerous health benefits enjoyed by the infant and the mother who exclusively breastfeeds her newborn.

Examination of Risk for Sleep-Disordered Breathing Among College Football Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bailey Peck ◽  
Timothy Renzi ◽  
Hannah Peach ◽  
Jane Gaultney ◽  
Joseph S. Marino
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
College Football ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Track Athletes

Context: Professional football linemen are at risk for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) compared with other types of athletes. It is currently unknown whether college football linemen display a similar risk profile. Objective: (1) To determine for the first time whether college football linemen show risk for SDB and (2) test the hypothesis that SDB risk is higher in college football linemen compared with an athletic comparison group. Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Setting: The Health Risk Assessment Laboratory. Participants: Male football linemen (n = 21) and track (n = 19) Division I athletes between the ages of 18 and 22 years. Interventions: Participants completed the Multivariable Apnea Prediction Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale surveys, validated measures of symptoms of sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness, respectively. Neck and waist circumferences, blood pressure, Modified Mallampati Index (MMPI), and tonsil size were determined, followed by body composition assessment using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Main Outcome Measures: Scores from surveys, anthropometric data, MMPI, and body composition. Results: Survey data demonstrated a deficiency in sleep quality and efficiency, coinciding with increased self-reported symptoms of apnea (Multivariable Apnea Prediction Index = 0.78) in college linemen relative to track athletes. Neck circumference (44.36 cm), waist circumference (107.07 cm), body mass index (35.87 kg/m2), and percent body fat (29.20%), all of which exceeded the clinical predictors of risk for obstructive sleep apnea, were significantly greater in linemen compared with track athletes. Multivariable Apnea Prediction variables were significantly correlated with MMPI, neck circumference, percent body fat, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure (r ≥ .31, P < .05), indicating that college football linemen are at increased risk for SDB. Conclusions: Risk factors for SDB recognized in professional football linemen are also present at the college level. Screening may minimize present or future risk for SDB, as well as the downstream risk of SDB-associated metabolic and cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Hubungan komposisi tubuh dengan kesegaran jasmani pada atlet hockey

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandita Nury Latifah ◽  
Ani Margawati ◽  
Ayu Rahadiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Spearman Test

Komposisi tubuh yang tidak optimal dapat menurunkan kesegaran jasmani atlet sehingga dapat terjadi penurunan performa ketika bertanding. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan persen lemak tubuh, persen massa otot, dan somatotype dengan kesegaran jasmani pada atlet hockey. Desain penelitian yaitu cross-sectional dengan jumlah subjek 35 atlet di Pelatihan Hockey Universitas Negeri Semarang dan Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta yang dipilih dengan purposive sampling. Data persen lemak tubuh dan persen massa otot diukur menggunakan bioelectrical impedence analysis (BIA). Data somatotype menggunakan metode antropometri Heath-Carter dan data kesegaran jasmani berupa nilai VO2max diambil menggunakan metode Balke. Analisis data menggunakan uji Pearson, Rank Spearman dan uji regresi linier. Sebagian besar atlet hockey (54,3%) memiliki nilai VO2max dengan kategori baik. Nilai persen lemak tubuh terendah 6,8% dan nilai tertinggi 35%. Nilai persen massa otot terendah 23,9% dan nilai tertinggi 40,9%. Nilai rata-rata dari nilai endomorph, mesomorph, dan ectomorph adalah (-0,04)±0,3; 4,2±0,9; dan 2,3±1,2. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara persen lemak tubuh (p<0,001), persen massa otot (p<0,001), nilai endomorph (p<0,001), dan nilai ectomorph (p=0,016) dengan nilai VO2max. Variabel yang paling berkaitan dengan nilai VO2max adalah persen lemak (p<0,001). Correlation of body composition with physical fitness of hockey athletes AbstractSuboptimal body composition could reduce the physical fitness and performance of athletes. This study analyzed the relationship of percent body fat, percent muscle mass and somatotype on physical fitness in hockey athletes. This study was a cross-sectional study with 35 athletes in Pelatihan Hockey Universitas Negeri Semarang and Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta which selected by purposive sampling. Percent body fat and percent muscle mass were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Somatotype measurement used the anthropometric Heath-Carter method and physical fitness (VO2max) measurement by the Balke method. Data were analyzed using the Pearson test, Rank-Spearman test, and Linear Regression test. Most hockey athletes (54.3%) had good VO2max value. The lowest percentage of body fat was 6.8%. The highest percentage of muscle mass was 40.9%. The average value of the endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph values were (-0.04) ± 0.3; 4.2 ± 0,9; and 2.3 ± 1.2.  There were a significant relationship between percent body fat (p <0.001), percent muscle mass (p <0.001), endomorph value (p <0.001), and ectomorph value (p = 0.016) with VO2max value. Percent of body fat was the most related variable to VO2max (p<0.001).

scholarly journals GANGGUAN MAKAN ANOREXIA NERVOSA DAN BULIMIA NERVOSA PADA REMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Hetty Krisnani ◽  
Meilanny Budiarti Santoso ◽  
Destin Putri
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRAKMasa remaja merupakan masa perubahan dramatis dalam diri seseorang. Salah satu perubahan yang terjadi adalah perubahan komposisi tubuh, terutama akumulasi lemak tubuh pada remaja puteri. Dengan adanya akumulasi lemak tubuh tersebut, ada anggapan bahwa mereka tidak memiliki tubuh semenarik yang diinginkan. Hal ini akan mendorong remaja puteri mencari jalan keluar agar memiliki tampilan fisik yang ideal, salah satunya adalah dengan melakukan perubahan kebiasaan makan yang umumnya menyimpang. Kebiasaan makan yang tidak benar itu dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya gangguan makan atau eating disorder yang dapat berdampak buruk bagi remaja. Eating disorders (ED) merupakan gangguan mental yang meskipun berhubungan dengan pola makan dan berat badan, gangguan tersebut bukanlah mengenai makanan, tetapi mengenai perasaan dan ekspresi diri. Pada umumnya, penderita ED adalah mereka yang memiliki kepercayaan diri rendah. Terdapat dua macam ED, yaitu anorexia nervosa dan bulimia nervosa. Kedua gangguan tersebut mempunyai tujuan yang sama, yaitu menguruskan badan. ABSTRACTAdolescence is a time of dramatic change in a person. One of the changes that occur are changes in body composition, especially the accumulation of body fat in girls. Given the accumulation of body fat, there is the assumption that they do not have a body as attractive as desired. This will encourage the girls find a way out in order to have the ideal physical appearance, one is to change eating habits are generally distorted. Improper eating habits can result in eating disorders or disordered eating can be bad for teens. Eating disorders (ED) is a mental disorder even though associated with diet and weight, the disorder is not about food, but about feelings and self-expression. In general, patients with ED are those who have low confidence. There are two kinds of ED, namely anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Both of these disorders have the same goal, which is to lose weight.

scholarly journals Pilot Study Examining Pregnancy-specific Equations to Estimate Percent Body Fat in an Overweight/obese Pregnant Hispanic Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Reisenberg ◽  
Kasuen Mauldin ◽  
Lisa Sawrey-Kubicek ◽  
Mary N. R. Lesser ◽  
Janet King
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Hispanic Women ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Hispanic Population ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Gestational Week ◽  
Total Body

Background and Purpose: Over half of women entering pregnancy are overweight or obese, increasing metabolic risk. This pilot study investigated whether established equations for estimating maternal percent body fat using anthropometry are accurate for Hispanic, overweight or obese pregnant women. Methods: The Siri technique of calculating percent body fat from direct measurements of body density and total body water was the gold-standard. Other pregnancy-specific equations were also examined. The study population included 15 normoglycemic, pregnant Hispanic women in their third trimester (33.2±1.9 gestational week) with a pre-pregnancy body mass index ≥25 to

scholarly journals The effect of 8 weeks beta-alanine supplementation and resistance training on maximal-intensity exercise performance adaptations in young males

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Askari ◽  
F. Rahmaninia
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Beta Alanine

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the effects of 8 weeks beta-alanine (BA) supplementation with resistance training on some components of physical fitness and body composition in young males. Methods : Twenty healthy young men volunteered to participate for the study and divided into two groups and performed 8-week resistance training while supplementing with either BA or placebo (4.8 g per day). The subjects were evaluated for 1 repetition maximum (1RM) bench press and leg press, vertical jump (VJ), anaerobic power (RAST) prior to and after training intervention. In addition, body composition variables such as percent body fat, and BMI were assessed per and post training period. Results : Both the groups showed significant increases in 1RM bench press and leg press, VJ, and anaerobic power (RAST), and also the BA supplementation group showed greater gains compared with the placebo. In addition, percent body fat decreased significantly in BA and placebo groups, while no statistically significant changes were seen in BMI for the BA supplementation group and placebo group. Conclusions : The results indicated that resistance training improved physical performance and BA supplementation induced greater gains and therefore it could be recommend to coaches and athletes who use this supplementation to greater gains in physical fitness variables.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document