Professional Athletes’ Social Media Use and Player Performance: Evidence From the National Football League

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Joon Ho Lim ◽  
Leigh Anne Donovan ◽  
Peter Kaufman ◽  
Chiharu Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Media Content ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Player Performance ◽  
Game Performance ◽  
Insight Into

To examine how the level of humility expressed through athletes’ social media postings and post volume is associated with the athletes’ in-game performance, the authors collected National Football League players’ social media activities throughout one season, in addition to player performance and profile information. To account for the multilevel and panel structure of the data, they conducted a series of fixed-effects panel models. In addition to a negative relationship between social media posting frequency and performance, the authors found that players who post social media content with a higher level of humility are more likely to have better performances. However, this humility–performance association follows an inverted U-shaped relationship. The results provide insight into how critical athletes’ social media activity is for in-game performance. This study also provides important implications for athletes, team coaches, staff, and managers and provides guidance for future research.

New Evidence in the Study of Shirking in Major League Baseball

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Richard J. Paulsen
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Major League Baseball ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Major League ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Player Performance ◽  
Level Of Effort

This paper uses Major League Baseball data to examine the relationship between years remaining on player contracts and player performance. There is a potential for moral hazard to arise in this principal–agent relationship as the player may choose a less than optimal level of effort from the perspective of team management when the player has many guaranteed years remaining. A player fixed-effects estimation strategy, which finds a significant negative relationship between years remaining and performance, is employed. The primary contribution of this work is to show that this relationship is due to shirking. Alternative explanations for this relationship, such as teams signing improving players to multiyear contracts or players facing an adjustment process when joining a new team, are addressed. Additional evidence which is consistent with shirking behavior shows that shirking occurs on offense, not defense, and for position players, not pitchers.

Perceptions of Supervisors and Performance: A Thematic Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1740-1744
Author(s):  
Victoria L. Claypoole ◽  
Alexis R. Neigel ◽  
James L. Szalma
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Peer Monitoring ◽  
Perceived Performance ◽  
Employee Relationships ◽  
And Performance

Observation is a common occurrence within the workplace, and can often manifest as either peer-to-peer monitoring or supervisor-to-peer monitoring. To date, there is a limited body of research that describes changes in performance due to either a positive or negative relationship between supervisors and employees. The present study reports qualitative data on supervisor-to-employee relationships and how the quality of the relationship can alter human performance. The results indicated that relationship with a supervisor was related to perceived performance under direct observation. Women were more likely to report a positive relationship with their supervisor, yet also indicated a negative emotion toward being monitored. These results are important in understanding how supervisor presence influences individual performance when completing job-specific tasks. The implications for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Social Media Content Headlinesand Their Impact on Attracting Attention

2020 ◽  
Vol 1/2020 (10) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Kishokanth Jeganathan ◽  
◽  
Andrzej Szymkowiak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Product Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Two Stages

Social media is an important source of product information for many users. Marketing in social media is based not only on building a community around the brand, but social media is used as a way to reach a defi ned group of users with a marketing message. These users are shown content, including promoted posts, which is to draw their attention, interest and get them to action, i.e. click on the link and read the article promoting an event or product. In this article, we investigated how the diff erent headline wordings (question, traditional, forward referring) aff ect the desire to read the article. An experiment was conducted on 75 participants, which confi rmed that the header has a large eff ect size. The ANOVA analysis was carried out in two stages, additionally taking into account the importance and general interest in the subject of the article by users. Finally, the possible business implications, limitations, and directions for future research were identifi ed.

Teaching social media and public administration: Applying four approaches to an emerging issue

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-186
Author(s):  
Mark K McBeth ◽  
Adam M Brewer ◽  
Mackenzie N Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
City Council ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Education Literature ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Approach To Teaching ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Insight Into

This article presents an approach to teaching how social media impacts the public-sector workplace. Social media creates new challenges for both public administration practitioners and teachers. Yet, the topic does not yet have wide-scale discussion in the public administration education literature. After a review of four approaches to public administration (managerial, legal, political, and ethical), we developed a fictional social media case that was administered in an email survey to a sample of 50 graduates of a Master of Public Administration (MPA) program (37 responded and completed the survey). The case involves a local government employee whose employer wants to terminate because of the employee’s use of social media following a city council meeting. The results of our survey provide insight into how administrators would deal with the situation presented in the case and leads to the development of a series of questions for faculty using the case in their classroom. Our teaching case should provoke serious classroom discussions. Our study reveals the importance of the teaching and discussion of social media in public administration courses along with identifying continuing areas of future research.

scholarly journals Weight-for-Age Percentiles and Experience Impact Youth Wrestling Record over the Course of a Season (P23-010-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Reymunde Wittmer ◽  
Steven Reggie ◽  
Erin O'Hora ◽  
Diane DellaValle
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Weight For Age

Abstract Objectives Youth in weight-classified combat sports may attempt to change body weight to gain performance advantage. Differences between weight-for-age percentiles (WAP) and performance in youth wrestlers remains unknown. The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the differences in performance between wrestlers above and below the 50th WAP over a wrestling season. Methods Participants included 22 male wrestlers from a team in the Pennsylvania Elementary Wrestling League (8.8 ± 2.1 years of age, 2.3 ± 2.3 years of experience). Retrospective data included age, weight, years of experience, family history, and frequency of wins, losses and forfeits over a 3-month wrestling season. Average WAP were calculated using CDC growth charts and wrestlers were assigned to one of two groups <50 th WAP (n = 10) and >50 th WAP (n = 12). Wrestlers were also categorized into two groups in terms of experience (≤2 years, >2 years). Differences between the two groups in performance variables were examined using ANOVA. Results We observed a significant difference between <50th and >50th WAP groups in total forfeits (0.6 ± 1.0; 2.0 ± 1.5, respectively, P < 0.02). There was an interaction observed between WAP group and years of experience in number of total forfeits (P < 0.132) such that wrestlers with <2 years of experience and <50th WAP experienced fewer total forfeits (0.3 ± 0.8) than those >50th percentile (2.0 ± 1.4). Those with more experience in <50th WAP also had fewer forfeits compared to >50th WAP. A similar interaction was observed between WAP group and years of experience in number of total losses (P < 0.187). Wrestlers with <2 years of experience, and <50th WAP experienced more total losses (4.8 ± 1.5) than wrestlers >50th WAP (2.0 ± 1.4). Those with more experience and <50th WAP experienced fewer losses than those >50th WAP. Conclusions We observed a significant difference in forfeits between average WAP groups and an interaction between experience and WAP groups in losses and forfeits in this small sample. Further research is needed to provide insight into how WAP mayaffect performance in this population. Future research may include a larger population, and variables such as BMI-for-age, hydration status, nutrition, body composition and additional factors that affect both weight and performance. Funding Sources n/a.

scholarly journals How to create public health Facebook posts based on Motivational Interviewing a pproach ?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dávid Pócs
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Tobacco Use Cessation ◽  
Change Talk ◽  
Public Health Professionals ◽  
Rate Building ◽  
Insight Into

Objective: This research aimed at identifying which types of social media content could achieve higher engagement rate and encourage smokers' motivational language. Intervention contents were classified according to motivational interviewing (MI) strategies. Methods: We categorized the included 701 Facebook posts (N=701) into five different groups according to specific MI strategies. Entertaining and informative strategies were in the control group. Facebook users’ interactions were the primary outcomes (engagement rate, negative feedback, and fan-total reach ratio). The comments reflecting smokers’ motivational language were the secondary outcomes (change talk and sustain talk). Results:MI strategies achieved significantly higher engagement rate, higher fan-total reach ratio, and evoked more change talk. “Elaborating change talk” strategies elicited considerably more change talk. “Affirming change talk” strategies obtained higher fan-total reach ratio and generated significantly more change talk. “Relational MI” strategies achieved significantly higher engagement rate. Conclusions: This study offers an important insight into the Facebook post creating for public health professionals who design Facebook-based interventions. These MI strategies can increase the engagement rate: ”Building Partnership” and ”Expressing Empathy”. These MI strategies can reach more fans: ”Affirming Change Talk” and ”Reflecting Change Talk” strategies. Finally, these MI strategies can support smoking cessation: ”Elaborating Change Talk” and ”Affirming Change Talk” strategies. Source: Pócs D, Óvári T, Watti J, Hamvai Cs, Kelemen O. How to create social media contents based on Motivational Interviewing approach to support tobacco use cessation? A content analysis. Journal of Substance Use 2021; DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2021.1967484. [Full preprint with appendix is available at ResearchGate.]

scholarly journals Analysis of Covid-19 impact on virtual hotel operation in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 694-703
Author(s):  
Kenny Roz ◽  
Dicky Wisnu Usdek Riyanto ◽  
Marsudi Marsudi ◽  
Salahudin Salahudin
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Data Mapping ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

The Covid-19 pandemic outbreak had a devastating effect on the economic sector in Indonesia, especially in the tourism sector. This study aims to reveal the impact Covid-19 on the Indonesia tourism sector especially the virtual hotel operation.  This research uses a qualitative approach and content analysis as data mapping of Indonesia online media content. Nvivo-12 plus software is used to manage and analyze the data. The results of this research pandemic covid 19 outbreaks have an impact on the economy of Indonesia and affect startup virtual hotel operations (especially Airy rooms) to the point of closing operations in Indonesia. This research provides some insight into future research opportunities in the new normal conditions in tourism sector operation

scholarly journals Trading activity on social trading platforms – a behavioral approach*

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Dorfleitner ◽  
Isabel Scheckenbach
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Trading Behavior ◽  
Trading Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Online Trading ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Trading Networks

PurposeSocial trading platforms are considered to be amongst the major innovations in online trading. The purpose of this article is to analyze the trading activity of traders on social trading networks by taking a behavioral approach. Additionally, the authors investigate the factors that influence the irrational part of trading activity derived from the key characteristics of these platforms, i.e. those dealing with social interaction.Design/methodology/approachThe investigation utilizes an extensive set of trading data from two major platforms in Germany to study the trading behavior. The authors apply a fixed effects two-stage least squares (2SLS) approach to quantify the relationship between trading activity and performance and define overconfidence as the part of trading activity that is irrationally motivated and results in negative returns.FindingsThe results provide evidence for the negative relationship between overconfidence and return on social trading platforms. The authors find that the number of followers and some platform-specific features significantly affect the trading behavior of the traders.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to the existing literature by exploring how the novel social interaction characteristics of online trading impact trading activity by giving rise to a new dimension of overconfidence. In addition, the authors evidence that the different frameworks of the platforms motivate heterogenous behavioral responses by the signalers. Finally, the authors refine existing studies by applying a distinct methodology for modeling overconfidence.

Instagram Influencers in Social Media-Induced Tourism

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
Rizalniyani Abdul Razak ◽  
Nur Aliah Mansor
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Destination Marketing ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Persuasive Messages ◽  
Destination Brand

Social media-induced tourism happens when a traveller visits a destination/attraction after being exposed to certain social media content. A user-generated content (UGC) provider, such as a social media influencer, has been identified as the initial motivator in social media-induced tourism. Social media influencers generate persuasive messages for their followers and are typically sources of credibility. In destination marketing and tourism destination studies, the UGC of social media influencers is significantly related to the destination image, destination brand, tourist trust, and tourist expectations. Of particular interest for Instagram influencers, this chapter proposes a conceptual framework to describe the role of the Instagram influencer in inducing his/her followers to travel and suggests a guide for future research.

Congressional social media communications: evaluating Senate Twitter usage

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 643-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob R. Straus ◽  
Raymond T. Williams ◽  
Colleen J. Shogan ◽  
Matthew E. Glassman
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Media Communications ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Communications Strategies

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand why some Senators choose to use Twitter more frequently than others. Building on past research, which explored causal factors leading to early congressional adoption, theories about why some Senators use Twitter more frequently in their daily communications strategies are developed. Design/methodology/approach A “power user” score was developed by evaluating each Senator’s clout, interactivity, and originality on Twitter. These scores are then used as the dependent variable in a regression model to evaluate which factors influence Senators becoming Twitter “power users.” Findings The study found that: constituent income is positively correlated with heavy use, but constituent education level is not; the more ideological a Senator is the more he or she will be a Twitter power user; the number of days on Twitter is a significant indicator of advanced Twitter usage; and having staff dedicated to social media is positively correlated with being a Twitter power user. Research limitations/implications All Senators in the second session of the 113th Congress (2014) were evaluated. As such, future research hope to expand the data set to additional Senators or the House of Representatives. Practical implications A better understanding of why some Senators use Twitter more than others allows insight into constituent communications strategies and the potential implications of real-time communication on representation, and the role of accountability between a Senator and his or her constituents. Originality/value The study examines constituent communication by Senators in a new, more interactive medium than previously considered. Additionally, the study places findings about Senator’s constituent communication in the broader context of representation.

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