Inadequate Carbohydrate Intake Following Prolonged Exercise Does Not Increase Muscle Soreness after 15 Minutes of Downhill Running

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Nelson ◽  
Robert K. Conlee ◽  
Allen C. Parcell
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Glycogen Depletion ◽  
Thigh Circumference ◽  
Downhill Running

In Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS), muscles become sore 24 to 48 hours after eccentric and unaccustomed activity. Fiber stiffness, due to decreased muscle glycogen, may predispose muscle to greater damage during eccentric exercise. This study sought to determine if inadequate carbohydrate intake following a protocol to decrease muscle glycogen would increase DOMS after 15 min of downhill running. Thirty-three male subjects (age, 18–35 years) were randomized into 3 groups for testing over a 7-day period. The depletion (DEP) group (n = 12) underwent a glycogen depletion protocol prior to a 15-min downhill run designed to induce DOMS. The repletion (FED) group (n = 10) underwent a glycogen depletion protocol followed by a carbohydrate repletion protocol (>80% CHO) prior to downhill running. The third (ECC) group (n = 11) performed only the downhill running protocol. Subjective muscle soreness, isometric force production, relaxed knee angle, and thigh circumference were measured pretreatment and on days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 post treatment. Subjective muscle soreness for all groups increased from 0 cm pretreatment to 3.05 ± 0.72 cm (on a 10-cm scale) on day 1 post treatment (p < .05). All groups were significantly different from baseline measurements until day 4 post treatment. Each group experienced a decline in isometric force from 281 ± 45 N pre-to 253 ± 13 N on day 1 post treatment (p < .05). The decrease in isometric force persisted in all groups for 4 days post treatment. Increases in thigh circumference and relaxed knee angle elevations in all 3 groups were statistically different (p < .05) from pretreatment until day 4. No differences were noted between groups for any of the parameters examined. In the current study, 15 min of downhill running is sufficient to cause DOMS with the associated functional and morphological changes; however, inadequate carbohydrate intake after a glycogen depleting exercise does not appear to exacerbate DOMS and the associated symptoms.

scholarly journals Effects of Nutrient Intake Timing on Post-Exercise Glycogen Accumulation and its Related Signaling Pathways in Mouse Skeletal Muscle

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahashi ◽  
Matsunaga ◽  
Banjo ◽  
Takahashi ◽  
Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glycogen Depletion ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Glycogen Accumulation ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

We investigated the effects of nutrient intake timing on glycogen accumulation and its related signals in skeletal muscle after an exercise that did not induce large glycogen depletion. Male ICR mice ran on a treadmill at 25 m/min for 60 min under a fed condition. Mice were orally administered a solution containing 1.2 mg/g carbohydrate and 0.4 mg/g protein or water either immediately (early nutrient, EN) or 180 min (late nutrient, LN) after the exercise. Tissues were harvested at 30 min after the oral administration. No significant difference in blood glucose or plasma insulin concentrations was found between the EN and LN groups. The plantaris muscle glycogen concentration was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the EN group—but not in the LN group—compared to the respective time-matched control group. Akt Ser473 phosphorylation was significantly higher in the EN group than in the time-matched control group (p < 0.01), while LN had no effect. Positive main effects of time were found for the phosphorylations in Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) Thr642 (p < 0.05), 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) Thr172 (p < 0.01), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase Ser79 (p < 0.01); however, no effect of nutrient intake was found for these. We showed that delayed nutrient intake could not increase muscle glycogen after endurance exercise which did not induce large glycogen depletion. The results also suggest that post-exercise muscle glycogen accumulation after nutrient intake might be partly influenced by Akt activation. Meanwhile, increased AS160 and AMPK activation by post-exercise fasting might not lead to glycogen accumulation.

Relationship between fat-to-fat-free mass ratio and decrements in leg strength after downhill running

2001 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 1334-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Hickner ◽  
P. M. Mehta ◽  
D. Dyck ◽  
P. Devita ◽  
J. A. Houmard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Downhill Running

The purpose of this study was to determine whether greater body fat mass (FM) relative to lean mass would result in more severe muscle damage and greater decrements in leg strength after downhill running. The relationship between the FM-to-fat-free mass ratio (FM/FFM) and the strength decline resulting from downhill running (−11% grade) was investigated in 24 male runners [age 23.4 ± 0.7 (SE) yr]. The runners were divided into two groups on the basis of FM/FFM: low fat (FM/FFM = 0.100 ± 0.008, body mass = 68.4 ± 1.3 kg) and normal fat (FM/FFM = 0.233 ± 0.020, body mass = 76.5 ± 3.3 kg, P < 0.05). Leg strength was reduced less in the low-fat (−0.7 ± 1.3%) than in the normal-fat individuals (−10.3 ± 1.5%) 48 h after, compared with before, downhill running ( P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the decline in strength could be predicted best by FM/FFM ( r2= 0.44, P < 0.05) and FM-to-thigh lean tissue cross-sectional area ratio ( r2= 0.53, P < 0.05), with no additional variables enhancing the prediction equation. There were no differences in muscle glycogen, creatine phosphate, ATP, or total creatine 48 h after, compared with before, downhill running; however, the change in muscle glycogen after downhill running was associated with a higher FM/FFM ( r = −0.56, P < 0.05). These data suggest that FM/FFM is a major determinant of losses in muscle strength after downhill running.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF PROTEASE SUPPLEMENTATION ON MUSCLE SORENESS AND CONTRACTILE PERFORMANCE FOLLOWING DOWNHILL RUNNING

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. S123 ◽  
Author(s):  
P C. Miller ◽  
S P. Bailey ◽  
M E. Barnes ◽  
S J. Derr ◽  
E E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Downhill Running ◽  
Contractile Performance

O2–O3 chemodiscolysis: How much, how long? Retrospective outcome evaluation of different treatment sessions in partially-responder patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 159101992110399
Author(s):  
Federico Bruno ◽  
Nicola Carboni ◽  
Pierpaolo Palumbo ◽  
Francesco Arrigoni ◽  
Marco Varrassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Injection Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Disc Area ◽  
Group B

Purpose To retrospectively evaluate the clinical and instrumental outcome of different treatment sessions of oxygen–ozone (O2–O3) chemodiscolysis in patients with lumbar disc herniation Methods We evaluated 73 patients partially responders to a single session of oxygen–ozone (O2–O3) chemodiscolysis and submitted to multiple injections sessions. All patients completed a pre- and post-treatment clinical (VAS and modified McNab score) and instrumental MRI follow-up. Imaging evaluation included assessment of intervertebral disc area (IDA). Pre- and post-treatment differences were compared to evaluate differences in variation between groups. Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between morphological and clinical parameters. Results Based on the type and number of treatments performed, patients were divided into three groups: Group A) patients submitted to an additional periradicular anaesthetic/steroid injection; Group B) patients submitted to an additional session of intradiscal O2–O3 injection; Group C) patients submitted to two further sessions of intradiscal O2–O3 injection. The results showed an improvement of pain scores in all groups, and a smaller disc area change in group B. Comparing the differences between pre- and post-treatment features among the three different groups of patients, we did not find any statistically significant difference. Correlation analysis did not show any statistically significant correlation between the morphological changes of the intervertebral disc and the clinical output scores. Conclusions In our retrospective observation of partially responder patients, multiple intradiscal ozone injections were not associated with a higher disc shrinkage nor superior clinical outcome compared to a single intradiscal O2–O3 application with an additional periradicular injection session.

Glycogen resynthesis in leg muscles of rats during exercise

1984 ◽  
Vol 247 (5) ◽  
pp. R880-R883 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Constable ◽  
J. C. Young ◽  
M. Higuchi ◽  
J. O. Holloszy
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Glycogen Depletion ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Glycogen Resynthesis ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Insulin In Plasma

This study was undertaken to determine whether glycogen resynthesis can occur in glycogen-depleted muscles in response to glucose feeding during prolonged exercise. Rats were exercised for 40 min with a treadmill running program designed to deplete muscle glycogen. One group was studied immediately after the glycogen-depletion exercise. A second group was given 1 g glucose by stomach tube and exercised for an additional 90 min at a running speed of 22 m/min on a treadmill set at an 8 degree incline; they were given additional 1-g glucose feedings after 30 and 60 min of running. The initial 40-min run resulted in liver glycogen depletion, large decreases in plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, and a marked lowering of muscle glycogen. The glucose feedings resulted in greater than twofold increases in the concentrations of glucose and insulin in plasma, and of glycogen in leg muscles, during the 90 min of running. No repletion of liver glycogen occurred. These results provide evidence that glycogen resynthesis can occur in glycogen-depleted muscle despite continued moderate intensity exercise if sufficient glucose is made available.

Muscle glycogen recovery after exercise during glucose and fructose intake monitored by13C-NMR

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 1495-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrianus J. Van Den Bergh ◽  
Sibrand Houtman ◽  
Arend Heerschap ◽  
Nancy J. Rehrer ◽  
Hendrikus J. Van Den Boogert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Glycogen Depletion ◽  
Glycogen Concentration ◽  
Fructose Intake ◽  
Glycogen Stores ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
C Nmr

Van Den Bergh, Adrianus J., Sibrand Houtman, Arend Heerschap, Nancy J. Rehrer, Hendrikus J. Van Den Boogert, Berend Oeseburg, and Maria T. E. Hopman. Muscle glycogen recovery after exercise during glucose and fructose intake monitored by13C-NMR. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(4): 1495–1500, 1996.—The purpose of this study was to examine muscle glycogen recovery with glucose feeding (GF) compared with fructose feeding (FF) during the first 8 h after partial glycogen depletion by using13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) on a clinical 1.5-T NMR system. After measurement of the glycogen concentration of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle in seven male subjects, glycogen stores of the VL were depleted by bicycle exercise. During 8 h after completion of exercise, subjects were orally given either GF or FF while the glycogen content of the VL was monitored by13C-NMR spectroscopy every second hour. The muscular glycogen concentration was expressed as a percentage of the glycogen concentration measured before exercise. The glycogen recovery rate during GF (4.2 ± 0.2%/h) was significantly higher ( P < 0.05) compared with values during FF (2.2 ± 0.3%/h). This study shows that 1) muscle glycogen levels are perceptible by 13C-NMR spectroscopy at 1.5 T and 2) the glycogen restoration rate is higher after GF compared with after FF.

scholarly journals One week of magnesium supplementation lowers IL-6, muscle soreness and increases post-exercise blood glucose in response to downhill running

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 2617-2627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles James Steward ◽  
Yue Zhou ◽  
Gary Keane ◽  
Matthew David Cook ◽  
Yunyi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Magnesium Supplementation ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Downhill Running
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