Nutrition Knowledge in Athletes: A Systematic Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Heaney ◽  
Helen O’Connor ◽  
Scott Michael ◽  
Janelle Gifford ◽  
Geraldine Naughton
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Extensive Literature Search ◽  
Diet Intake ◽  
The Impact

Context:Nutrition education aims to enhance knowledge and improve dietary intake in athletes. Understanding athletes’ nutrition knowledge and its influence on dietary intake will inform nutrition-education programs in this population.Purpose:To systematically review the level of nutrition knowledge in athletes, benchmark this against nonathlete comparison groups, and determine the impact of nutrition knowledge on dietary intake.Methods:An extensive literature search from the earliest record to March 2010 using the terms nutrition knowledge or diet knowledge and athlete or sport was conducted. Included studies recruited able or physically disabled, male or female, competitive (recreational or elite) athletes over the age of 13 yr. Quantitative assessment of knowledge and, if available, diet intake was required. Because of variability in the assessment of nutrition knowledge and dietary intake, meta-analysis was not conducted.Results:Twenty-nine studies (17 published before 2000) measuring nutrition knowledge (7 including a nonathlete comparison group) met inclusion criteria. Athletes’ knowledge was equal to or better than that of nonathletes but lower than comparison groups including nutrition students. When found statistically significant, knowledge was greater in females than males. A weak (r < .44), positive association between knowledge and dietary intake was reported in 5 of 9 studies assessing this. Common flaws in articles included inadequate statistical reporting, instrument validation, and benchmarking.Conclusion:The nutrition knowledge of athletes and its impact on their dietary intake is equivocal. There is a need for high-quality, contemporary research using validated tools to measure nutrition knowledge and its impact on dietary intake.

scholarly journals Relationship between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 1713-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Spronk ◽  
Charina Kullen ◽  
Catriona Burdon ◽  
Helen O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Original Research ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
The Relationship

The present systematic review examined the relationship between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake in adults (mean age ≥ 18 years). Relevant databases were searched from the earliest record until November 2012. Search terms included: nutrition; diet or food knowledge and energy intake; feeding behaviour; diet; eating; nutrient or food intake or consumption. Included studies were original research articles that used instruments providing quantitative assessment of both nutrition knowledge and dietary intake and their statistical association. The initial search netted 1 193 393 potentially relevant articles, of which twenty-nine were eligible for inclusion. Most of them were conducted in community populations (n22) with fewer (n7) in athletic populations. Due to the heterogeneity of methods used to assess nutrition knowledge and dietary intake, a meta-analysis was not possible. The majority of the studies (65·5 %: community 63·6 %; athletic 71·4 %) reported significant, positive, but weak (r< 0·5) associations between higher nutrition knowledge and dietary intake, most often a higher intake of fruit and vegetables. However, study quality ranged widely and participant representation from lower socio-economic status was limited, with most participants being tertiary educated and female. Well-designed studies using validated methodologies are needed to clarify the relationship between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake. Diet quality scores or indices that aim to evaluate compliance to dietary guidelines may be particularly valuable for assessing the relationship between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake. Nutrition knowledge is an integral component of health literacy and as low health literacy is associated with poor health outcomes, contemporary, high-quality research is needed to inform community nutrition education and public health policy.

scholarly journals The Impact of Nutrition Education Intervention with and Without a Mobile Phone Application on Nutrition Knowledge Among Young Endurance Athletes

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2249
Author(s):  
Heikkilä ◽  
Lehtovirta ◽  
Autio ◽  
Fogelholm ◽  
Valve
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Education Intervention ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
The Impact

Athletes often have significant gaps in their nutrition knowledge. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether young Finnish endurance athletes’ nutrition knowledge and dietary intake can be improved through an education intervention with or without a mobile food application. Seventy-nine endurance athletes, 18.0 years (SD: 1.4), participated in this randomized, controlled intervention. We compared the effects of participatory nutrition education sessions alone (group EDU) to those including the use of a mobile food application (group EDU + APP) for four days after each session. Both groups attended three 90-min education sessions fortnightly. The participants completed a validated nutrition knowledge questionnaire in Weeks 0, 5, and 17, and a three-day food diary in Weeks 0 and 17. The education plan was based on the Self-Determination Theory and the concept of meaningful learning process. The EDU group’s nutrition knowledge scores were: 78 (week 0), 85 (week 5), and 84 (week 17) and the EDU + APP group’s 78, 86, and 85, respectively. Nutrition knowledge increased significantly (main effect of time (p < 0.001)), but we observed no significant group × time interaction (p = 0.309). The changes in dietary intakes were minor (p > 0.05). The amount of carbohydrates was below endurance athletes’ recommendations throughout the intervention. The reported energy intakes were also below the estimated energy expenditures. In conclusion, nutrition knowledge improved significantly after only three education sessions and food diary feedback, but the mobile app did not improve learning further. However, the nutrition education intervention alone was not enough to change dietary intake.

scholarly journals Religious and spiritual interventions in mental health care: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (14) ◽  
pp. 2937-2949 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. B. Gonçalves ◽  
G. Lucchetti ◽  
P. R. Menezes ◽  
H. Vallada
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Spiritual Interventions ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
The Impact

Background.Despite the extensive literature assessing associations between religiosity/spirituality and health, few studies have investigated the clinical applicability of this evidence. The purpose of this paper was to assess the impact of religious/spiritual interventions (RSI) through randomized clinical trials (RCTs).Method.A systematic review was performed in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Collaboration, Embase and SciELO. Through the use of a Boolean expression, articles were included if they: (i) investigated mental health outcomes; (ii) had a design consistent with RCTs. We excluded protocols involving intercessory prayer or distance healing. The study was conducted in two phases by reading: (1) title and abstracts; (2) full papers and assessing their methodological quality. Then, a meta-analysis was carried out.Results.Through this method, 4751 papers were obtained, of which 23 remained included. The meta-analysis showed significant effects of RSI on anxiety general symptoms (p < 0.001) and in subgroups: meditation (p < 0.001); psychotherapy (p = 0.02); 1 month of follow-up (p < 0.001); and comparison groups with interventions (p < 0.001). Two significant differences were found in depressive symptoms: between 1 and 6 months and comparison groups with interventions (p = 0.05). In general, studies have shown that RSI decreased stress, alcoholism and depression.Conclusions.RCTs on RSI showed additional benefits including reduction of clinical symptoms (mainly anxiety). The diversity of protocols and outcomes associated with a lack of standardization of interventions point to the need for further studies evaluating the use of religiosity/spirituality as a complementary treatment in health care.

scholarly journals Can Vaccination Trigger Autoimmune Disorders? A Meta-Analysis

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 821
Author(s):  
Marek Petráš ◽  
Ivana Králová Lesná ◽  
Jana Dáňová ◽  
Alexander M. Čelko
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Autoimmune Disorders ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
Measures Of Association ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Extensive Literature Search ◽  
The Stability

Vaccination as an important tool in the fight against infections has been suggested as a possible trigger of autoimmunity over the last decades. To confirm or refute this assumption, a Meta-analysis of Autoimmune Disorders Association With Immunization (MADAWI) was conducted. Included in the meta-analysis were a total of 144 studies published in 1968–2019 that were available in six databases and identified by an extensive literature search conducted on 30 November 2019. The risk of bias classification of the studies was performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The strength of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. While our primary analysis was conducted in terms of measures of association employed in studies with a low risk of bias, the robustness of the MADAWI outcome was tested using measures independent of each study risk of bias. Additionally, subgroup analyses were performed to determine the stability of the outcome. The pooled association of 0.99 (95% confidence interval, 0.97–1.02), based on a total of 364 published estimates, confirmed an equivalent occurrence of autoimmune disorders in vaccinated and unvaccinated persons. The same level of association reported by studies independently of the risk of bias was supported by a sufficient number of studies, and no serious limitation, inconsistency, indirectness, imprecision, and publication bias. A sensitivity analysis did not reveal any discrepancy in the primary result. Current common vaccination is not the cause of any of the examined autoimmune disorders in the medium and long terms.

scholarly journals Nutrition Education by a Registered Dietitian Improves Dietary Intake and Nutrition Knowledge of a NCAA Female Volleyball Team

Nutrients ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 506-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda W. Valliant ◽  
Heather Pittman Emplaincourt ◽  
Rachel Kieckhaefer Wenzel ◽  
Bethany Hilson Garner
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Registered Dietitian

Impact of dental implant diameter on the efficiency of fatigue - a systematic review analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mohamed Tharwat Hamed ◽  
Hisham Abdullah Mously ◽  
Moayyad Motaz Ghulman ◽  
Ghada Hussein Naguib
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Wide Diameter ◽  
Review Analysis ◽  
Body Fracture ◽  
Extensive Literature Search ◽  
Technical Complication ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: The present study explains the success and failure of dental implant diameter on the efficiency of fatigue by conducting a systematic review analysis. Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted to carry out systematic review using different scholarly platforms and libraries. A total of 12 studies published within the past 20-year time (1999-2019) were included following the inclusion and exclusion criteria based on the PRISMA guidelines. Additionally, the study outcomes were evaluated to determine their perceptions regarding the role of dental implant diameter in influencing the implant’s fatigue performance. Results: The implant diameter can be categorized into wide diameter (5-6 mm), regular diameter (3.75-4 mm), and small/narrow diameter (3-3.4 mm). The narrow diameter implants are indicated through thin alveolar ridges and mesiodistal spaces (less than 7 mm). The implants with narrow diameter would offer greater risk of fatigue failure for clinical situations with significant functional loading. No significant differences were found either in success or failure of dental implant diameter on fatigue efficiency after 1-year and 3-year follow-up. Conclusion: The technical complication of dental implant include abutment screw loosening or fracture, abutment and superstructure fracture, and implant body fracture. The study has study has mainly focused on the impact of dental implant diameter on the efficiency of fatigue and reviewed a significant impact of dental implant diameter on the fatigue efficiency. Keywords: Dental Implants, Efficiency, Perception. Continuous...

scholarly journals Nutrition Knowledge is Correlated with a Better Dietary Intake in Adolescent Soccer Players: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo C. Noronha ◽  
Monique I. A. F. Santos ◽  
Adrianny A. Santos ◽  
Lizia G. A. Corrente ◽  
Rúbia K. N. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Cross Sectional

Nutrition education is one of the factors that may help to promote behavior change and therefore may improve the dietary habits of adolescent soccer players. However, information about the relationship between nutrition knowledge (NK) and the dietary behavior of these athletes is scarce. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the eating habits of adolescent soccer players and analyse the correlations among dietary intake and NK. Seventy-three Brazilian adolescent soccer players (aged 14–19 years), from four professional clubs, underwent anthropometric evaluation and completed 3-day food records. Misreporting of energy intake was evaluated and the dietary intake data were energy-adjusted and compared with recommendations for athletes and dietary reference intakes. The athletes also answered a questionnaire about barriers for healthy eating and a nutrition knowledge test divided into three sections: Basic Nutrition Knowledge (BNK), Sports Nutrition Knowledge (SNK), and Food Pyramid Nutrition Knowledge (FPNK). The participants showed a low NK (54.6%) and an inadequate intake of fruits, vegetables, dairy, carbohydrates, and micronutrients. A positive correlation was found between the ingestion of phosphorus and FPNK as well as among calcium and both SNK and Total NK (p<0.05). Sodium intake was negatively correlated with all categories of the NK test (p<0.05). The adolescents reported that the principal barriers for adopting a healthy diet were the lack of willpower and a busy lifestyle. In this context, nutrition education is recommended and should also provide practicable healthy eating goals according to athletes´ lifestyle as well as target motivational barriers to increase adherence.

A systematic review update of athletes’ nutrition knowledge and association with dietary intake

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Amy Janiczak ◽  
Brooke Devlin ◽  
Adrienne Forsyth ◽  
Gina Trakman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Diet Intake ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Athletes’ dietary intakes sometimes do not meet sports nutrition guidelines. Nutrition knowledge (NK) is one factor that may influence dietary intake, but NK measurement tools are often outdated or unvalidated, and results regarding athletes’ NK are equivocal. The aims of this systematic review were to update previous systematic reviews by examining athletes’ NK and to assess the relationship between athletes’ general NK, sport NK and dietary intake. MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Cochrane were searched for studies published between November 2015 and November 2020, that provided a quantitative measure of NK and described the NK tool used. Twenty-eight studies were included; study quality was assessed using JBI checklists and data on NK score, diet intake was extracted. Eight studies utilised validated, up-to-date NK measurement tools. Mean general and sport NK% scores varied between 40.2% ± 12.4 and 70 % ± 9. Mean protein and carbohydrate consumption were 1.1-3.4 g/kg.bw/day and 2.4-4.6 g/kg.bw/day, respectively. Weak-to-moderate, positive associations were found between NK and positive dietary behaviours. Due to a wide variety of NK measurement tools used, it is difficult to synthesise results to determine overall NK in athletes. Overall, there appears to be a low standard of knowledge. Quality of measurement tools for NK has improved but remains an issue. Future studies should use relevant, current validated NK tools, or validate tools in their study population. More research is needed into the relationship between NK and other modifiable factors influencing dietary intake.

scholarly journals Platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 030006052096434
Author(s):  
Zhen-Yu Li ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Zhong Cao ◽  
Yun Feng ◽  
Sha-Sha Ren
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Extensive Literature Search ◽  
Positive Breast Cancer

Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with higher aggressiveness and mortality than hormone-positive breast cancer because of the lack of approved therapeutic targets. Patients with TNBC who attain a pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy have improved survival. Platinum-based agents show promising activity in TNBC; however, their use remains controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the role of platinum-based agents in neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with TNBC. Methods We performed an extensive literature search of the Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. We calculated pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the identified studies. Results Eight randomized controlled trials with 1345 patients were included in the analysis. The addition of platinum-based agents improved pCR compared with neoadjuvant therapy based on anthracyclines, cyclophosphamide, taxanes, and fluorouracil (49.1% vs. 35.9%; OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.23–2.86). Hematological adverse events were similar in both groups, except for more thrombocytopenia in the platinum-based group (OR: 7.96, 95% CI: 3.18–19.93). Conclusion The addition of platinum-based agents to neoadjuvant chemotherapy improved pCR rates in patients with TNBC, with a slight increase in hematological toxicities. Platinum-based agents might thus be an accessible and economically viable option in patients with TNBC.

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