scholarly journals Contribution of Occupation to High Doses of Light-Intensity Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Mexican American Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1342-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Gay ◽  
Harold W. Kohl ◽  
Jennifer J. Salinas ◽  
Joseph B. McCormick ◽  
Susan P. Fisher-Hoch

Background:The association between light-intensity activity and cardiovascular disease risk is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of light-intensity activity with census-based occupational activity classifications and cardiovascular risk factors among Mexican American adults.Methods:118 Mexican American adults (68.6% female) provided cross-sectional accelerometer and biological data. Self-reported occupations were classified by activity level (sedentary, low, moderate). Participants were classified as At-Risk for BMI, glucose, triglycerides, HDL, blood pressure, waist circumference, and percent body fat.Results:Participants engaged in > 5 hours of light-intensity activity on average, and those in sedentary occupations engaged in fewer light-intensity activity minutes than low-active or moderately active workers (P < .001). Self-reported occupation explained 14% of the variation in light-intensity activity (P < .001). Participants in moderately active occupations were at increased risk for high %body fat than other workers (P = .01), but no other associations between occupation and cardiovascular risk were detected.Conclusion:Early work in physical activity underscored the importance of occupational activity. This study presents evidence of a dose-response association for light-intensity activity by occupational category such that workers in sedentary occupations had less light-intensity activity than employees in more active occupations. Future research on how light-intensity activity derived from occupation may reduce the risk of chronic disease will contribute to improved interventions as light-intensity activity participation may be more feasible than meeting current physical activity guidelines.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Febriani Fajar Ekawati ◽  
Tri Winarti Rahayu ◽  
Hendrig Joko Prasetyo

Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian utama di dunia. Kurangnya aktivitas fisik dapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit ini. Meskipun telah banyak penelitian yang menyelidiki tentang hubungan aktivitas fisik dan faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler, hanya terdapat beberapa penelitian di Indonesia yang menelaah tentang peran aktivitas fisik dalam perkembangan penyakit kardiovaskuler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang tingkat aktivitas fisik dan menyelidiki hubungannya dengan faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler pada karyawan kantor di lingkungan Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian potong lintang, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 44 orang. Data level aktivitas fisik diperoleh dari International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Sedangkan faktor-faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler (gula darah, kolesterol, tekanan darah, lingkar pinggang, dan IMT) diukur dengan menggunakan alat ukur yang sesuai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa level aktivitas fisik karyawan berkategori Rendah sebesar 6.82%, Sedang sebesar 72.73%, dan Tinggi sebesar 20.45%. Berdasarkan uji Pearson Correlation, tekanan darah baik sistolik dan diastolik mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan level aktivitas fisik. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara level aktivitas fisik dengan faktor risiko lainnya dalam penelitian ini. Secara umum penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa level aktivitas fisik karyawan di lingkungan UNS adalah berkategori sedang, dan tekanan darah mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan aktivitas fisik. Physical activity level and cardiovascular risk factors among university employees AbstractNoncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) are one of the leading deaths in the world. Insufficiency of physical activity (PA) escalate the risk of NCDs. Although the reports of the studies investigating the relationship between PA and cardiovascular risk factors are abundance, only a few studies in Indonesia examined the role of PA in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to describe the level of PA and investigate the relationships between PA and cardiovascular risk factors among UNS employees. This was a cross sectional study with a sample of 44 university employees. PA level was assessed using IPAQ. Meanwhile cardiovascular risk factors such as plasma glucose, cholesterol, blood pressure, waist circumference, and BMI were measured using an appropriate tool for each measure. The results revealed that participants with low level of PA (6.82%), moderate category (72.73%), and high category (20.45%). Pearson Correlation analysis showed blood pressure both systolic and diastolic had a significant association with PA level. There was no a significant association between PA level and others cardiovascular risk factors in this research. Generally, this study exhibited the level of PA among UNS employees in the moderate category, and blood pressure had a significant association with PA.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Antoine Raberin ◽  
Philippe Connes ◽  
Jean-Claude Barthélémy ◽  
Pia Robert ◽  
Sébastien Celle ◽  
...  

Background. Cardiovascular diseases remain as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. Ageing and gender strongly modulate the risk to develop cardiovascular diseases but very few studies have investigated the impact of gender on cardiovascular diseases in the elderly, which represents a growing population. The purpose of this study was to test the impact of gender and physical activity level on several biochemical and clinical markers of cardiovascular risk in elderly individuals. Methods. Elderly individuals (318 women (75.8±1.2 years-old) and 227 men (75.8±1.1 years-old)) were recruited. Physical activity was measured by a questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel’s definition. Polysomnography and digital tonometry were used to detect obstructive sleep apnea and assess vascular reactivity, respectively. Blood was sampled to measure several oxidative stress markers and adhesion molecules. Results. The frequency of cardiovascular diseases was significantly higher in men (16.4%) than in women (6.1%) (p<0.001). Body mass index (25.0±4.3 vs. 25.8±3.13 kg.m−2) and glycaemia (94.9±16.5 vs. 101.5±22.6 mg.dL−1) were lower, and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) (74.6±17.8 vs. 65.0±17.2 mg.dL−1) was higher in women compared to men (p<0.05). Oxidative stress was lower in women than in men (uric acid: 52.05±13.78 vs. 59.84±13.58, advanced oxidation protein products: 223±94 vs. 246±101 μmol.L−1, malondialdehyde: 22.44±6.81 vs. 23.88±9.74 nmol.L−1). Physical activity was not associated with lower cardiovascular risk factors in both genders. Multivariate analyses showed an independent effect of gender on acid uric (β=0.182; p=0.020), advanced oxidation protein products (β=0.257; p<0.001), and HDL concentration (β=−0.182; p=0.026). Conclusion. These findings suggest that biochemical cardiovascular risk factors are lower in women than men which could explain the lower cardiovascular disease proportion observed in women in the elderly.


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zuraini Zulkepli ◽  
Nur Zakiah Moh ◽  
Nor Farah Moha ◽  
Siti Aishah Han ◽  
Noraziah Md. Zin

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whye Lian Cheah ◽  
Ching Thon Chang ◽  
Helmy Hazmi ◽  
Wan Manan Wan Muda

Objective. This study aimed to determine whether gender and ethnic differences had an effect on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese rural adults in Sarawak. Design and Setting. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in rural communities in Kuching and Samarahan division, Malaysia. Data was obtained using a set of questionnaire (sociodemographic data and physical activity), measurement of blood pressure, height, weight (body mass index, BMI), body fat percentage, fasting blood sugar, and lipid profile from three ethnic groups—Iban, Malay, and Bidayuh. Analysis of data was done using SPSS version 23.0. Results. A total of 155 respondents participated in the study (81.6% response rate). The levels of physical activity, BMI status, body fat, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperglycemia were similar across the three ethnic groups and both females and males. Iban and Bidayuh had significant higher Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) when compared to the Malay (Bidayuh OR = 0.30, 95% CI 0.12, 0.78; Iban OR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.12, 0.69). Conclusions. The relationship between cardiovascular risk factors varied according to ethnic groups and gender. A better understanding of these differences would help in the design and implementation of intervention programme for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.


2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 2374
Author(s):  
Adriana Arruda Barbosa ◽  
Giselle Pinheiro Lima Aires Gomes ◽  
Ivandra Mari Roieski ◽  
Elizângela Sofia Ribeiro Rodrigues ◽  
Sávia Denise Silva Carlotto Herrera

ABSTRACTObjective: to verify the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive military police officers. Method: this is a transversal, descriptive, and exploratory research, approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Centro Universitario Unirg under the Protocol 0142/2010, in which the 22 military police officers identified as hypertensive subjects underwent the assessment of vital signs and anthropometric measurements. After this, they answered to the questionnaires on physical activity level, smoking habit, pattern of alcohol intake, inventory of stress symptoms, and dietary interview. The data underwent a statistical analysis using the chi-square test with Yates' correction. Results: with regard to the body mass index (BMI), only 5% were normal. In the waist/hip ratio (WHR), it was found that 36.36% presented cardiac risk factors. In the physical activity level, 22.73% were sedentary, and 36.36% were insufficiently active. Considering the smoking habit, only 9.09% were smokers. In the pattern of alcohol intake, 4.55% fit into the zone III and 9.09% fit into the zone IV. Through the stress questionnaire it was found that 54.55% did not fit into any phase. In the feeding pattern assessment, 40.91% had the adequate number of daily meals and only 18.18% consumed adequate amounts of macronutrients. Conclusion: the cardiovascular risk factors evaluated, such as WHR, smoking habit, stress, and alcohol intake, presented a low prevalence among military police officers, however, with regard to BMI, those evaluated were mostly classified as subjects with overweight or obesity, insufficiently active or sedentary, and with a reduced number of daily meals. Descriptors: hypertension; cardiovascular diseases; prevalence.RESUMOObjetivo: verificar a prevalência dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares em policiais militares hipertensos. Método: trata-se de pesquisa transversal, descritiva e exploratória, aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Centro Universitário Unirg sob o Protocolo n. 0142/2010, na qual os 22 policiais militares identificados como hipertensos foram submetidos à aferição dos sinais vitais e das medidas antropométricas. Após isso, responderam aos questionários sobre nível de atividade física, hábito tabagístico, padrão do uso do álcool, inventário de sintomas de stress e inquérito dietético. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística utilizando o teste de Qui-quadrado com correção de Yates. Resultados: em se tratando do índice de massa corpórea (IMC), apenas 5% encontrava-se dentro da normalidade. Na relação cintura-quadril (RCQ), constatou-se que 36,36% apresentavam fatores de risco cardíaco. No nível de atividade física, 22,73% eram sedentários e 36,36% insuficientemente ativos. Sobre hábito tabagístico, apenas 9,09% eram fumantes. No padrão do uso de álcool, 4,55% encontravam-se na zona III e 9,09% na zona IV. Por meio do questionário de estresse constatou-se 54,55% não estavam em nenhuma fase. Na avaliação do hábito alimentar, 40,91% faziam o número adequado de refeições diárias e apenas 18,18% alimentavam-se com quantidades adequadas de macronutrientes. Conclusão: os fatores de riscos cardiovasculares avaliados, como RCQ, hábito tabagístico, estresse e ingestão de álcool, apresentaram baixa prevalência nos policiais militares, porém, em relação ao IMC, os avaliados foram classificados, em sua maioria, com sobrepeso ou obesidade, insuficientemente ativos ou sedentários e com número reduzido de refeições diárias. Descritores: hipertensão; doenças cardiovasculares; prevalência.RESUMEN Objetivo: verificar la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo cardiovasculares en policías militares hipertensos. Método: esta investigación fue transversal, descriptiva y exploratoria y aprobado por el  Comité de Ética en Investigación del Centro Universitario Unirg bajo Protocolo nº 0142/2010, en el que 22 policías militares identificados como hipertensos se sometieron al contraste de signos vitales y a medidas antropométricas. Tras ello, respondieron a los cuestionarios sobre nivel de actividad física, hábitos tabaquistas, estándar de empleo de alcohol, inventario de síntomas de estrés y hábitos dietéticos. Los datos se sometieron a un análisis estadístico empleando el test de qui-cuadrado con corrección de Yates. Resultados: tratándose del índice de masa corporal (IMC), apenas el 5% se encontraba dentro de la normalidad. En la relación cintura-caderas (RCC), se constató que el 36,36% presentaban riesgo cardíaco. En el nivel de actividad física, el 22,73% eran sedentarios y el 36,36% insuficientemente activos. Sobre hábitos tabaquistas, apenas el 9,09% eran fumadores. En el estándar de consumo de alcohol, el 4,55% se encontraba en la zona III y el 9,09% en la zona IV. Por medio de cuestionario de estrés se constató que un 54,4% no estaba en ninguna fase. En la evaluación de hábitos alimenticios, el 40,91% efectuaba el número adecuado de comidas diarias y apenas el 18,18% se alimentaba con cantidades adecuadas de macro-nutrientes. Conclusión: los factores de riesgo cardiovasculares evaluados, como RCC, hábitos tabaquistas, estrés e consumo de alcohol, estos presentaron baja prevalencia en los policías militares, aunque en relación al IMC, los evaluados se clasificaron, en su mayoría, con sobrepeso y obesidad, insuficientemente activos o sedentarios y con número reducido de comidas diarias. Descriptores: hipertensión; enfermedades cardiovasculares; prevalencia.


2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 1337-1342
Author(s):  
André O. Werneck ◽  
Ricardo R. Agostinete ◽  
Manoel Carlos S. de Lima ◽  
Bruna C. Turi-Lynch ◽  
Romulo A. Fernandes

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES: To analyze the association between physical activity during life and cardiovascular risk factors among adults. DESIGN: The sample was composed of 101 adults (59 men) between 30 and 50 years old, who were recruited from different gyms and from a University in Brasil. Participants were divided according to their engagement in sports in early life (self-reported) and current physical activity (pedometer) (sports participation during childhood/adolescence and currently active [n=26], sports participation during childhood/adolescence and currently inactive [n=26], and control [n=49]). Cardiovascular risk factors were measured, such as body fat (through DXA), HDL-C, triglycerides, HOMA index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and C-reactive protein. We adopted the covariates of chronological age, sex, alcohol consumption, tobacco, and body mass index. General estimating equations were used, with p<0.05. RESULTS: After the adjustments of the final model, individuals engaged in sports during childhood and adolescence and inactive during adulthood presented lower body fat, when compared to participants persistently inactive (p<0.001). Participants persistently active presented lower body fat (p<0.001) and lower c-reactive protein (p=0.010) when compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Early sports participation was associated with reduced body fat, and being physically active throughout life was associated with reduced body fat and C-reactive protein.


Author(s):  
Priscila Cristina dos Santos ◽  
Luiz Rodrigo Augustemak de Lima ◽  
Bruno Gonçalves Galdino da Costa ◽  
Cilene Rebolho Martins ◽  
Giseli Minatto ◽  
...  

Abstract The association of moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior performed in the school context with cardiovascular risk factors is unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate whether MVPA and SB during school time are associated with single and clustered cardiovascular risk factors in 10- to 16-year-old school students. This study used the baseline data from a non-randomized controlled clinical trial (“MEXA-SE”) conducted on 6th to 9th-grade students from schools in Florianopolis, Brazil. Skinfolds, resting blood pressure, 20-m shuttle-run test, fasting glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and white blood cell counts were obtained. MVPA and SB were objectively measured with accelerometers. A minimum of 180 minutes was considered valid school-time for analysis. Multiple linear regression adjusted for age, sex and habitual physical activity was used. School-time MVPA was positively associated with the peak VO2 (β = 0.17 ml.kg.min-1), and inversely associated with sum of four skinfolds (β = -0.96 mm), diastolic blood pressure (β = -0.36 mmHg), systolic blood pressure (β = -0.301 mmHg); triglycerides (β = -1.49 mg.dL-1), and clustered cardiovascular risk factors (β = -0.123). School-time SB was positively associated with clustered cardiovascular risk factors (β = 0.033). In conclusion, independently of habitual physical activity level, school-time MVPA and a lower time in SB were associated to single and clustered cardiovascular risk factors. Thus, the promotion of strategies aimed increase MVPA and reduce SB at school may prevent the onset and early accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence.


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