Mood and Self-Efficacy during Acute Exercise in Clinical Depression. A Randomized, Controlled Study

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torunn Bodin ◽  
Egil W. Martinsen
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Clinical Depression ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Clinically Depressed

Physical activity is associated with an antidepressant effect in clinical depression. Self-efficacy is one mechanism proposed to explain this effect. In this study we compared the changes in mood following exercise sessions with high and stable self-efficacy (stationary bike exercise) to exercise sessions with initially low but increasing self-efficacy (martial arts). The experimental design incorporated repeated measures and counter-balancing. Twelve clinically depressed participants completed 45-min exercise sessions consisting of stationary bike use and martial arts. A waiting control condition of 30 minutes was conducted before each exercise session. During martial arts, statistically significant increases in positive affect, reductions in negative affect and state anxiety, and increased self-efficacy were observed. During the stationary bike exercise no statistically significant changes were found. The results indicate that an increase in self-efficacy may be important for mood benefits to occur.

scholarly journals An Acute Exercise Session Increases Self-Efficacy in Sedentary Endometrial Cancer Survivors and Controls

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 784-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hughes ◽  
George Baum ◽  
Jennifer Jovanovic ◽  
Cindy Carmack ◽  
Anthony Greisinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Cancer History ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Somatic Sensations

Background:Self-efficacy can be affected by mastery experiences and somatic sensations. A novel exercise experience and associated sensations may impact self-efficacy and subsequent behaviors. We investigated the effect of a single exercise session on self-efficacy for sedentary endometrial cancer survivors compared with sedentary women of a similar age, but with no cancer history.Methods:Twenty survivors and 19 controls completed an exercise session performed as a submaximal cycle ergometry test. Sensations and efficacy were measured before and after exercise. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed. Regression models were used to determine predictors of self-efficacy and subsequent exercise.Results:Self-efficacy increased for both survivors and controls, but survivors had a higher rate of increase, and the change predicted subsequent exercise. The association between exercise-related somatic sensations and self-efficacy differed between the 2 groups.Conclusions:A novel exercise experience had a larger effect on self-efficacy and subsequent exercise activity for endometrial cancer survivors than controls. Somatic sensations experienced during exercise may differ for survivors, which may be related to the experience of having cancer. Understanding factors affecting confidence in novel exercise experiences for populations with specific cancer histories is of the utmost importance in the adoption of exercise behaviors.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Abdominal and Gluteus Medius Training in Lumbo-Pelvic Stability and Adductor Strength in Female Soccer Players. A Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1528
Author(s):  
Héctor Guerrero-Tapia ◽  
Rodrigo Martín-Baeza ◽  
Rubén Cuesta-Barriuso
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Experimental Group

Background. Abdominal and lumbo-pelvic stability alterations may be the origin of lower limb injuries, such as adductor pathology in soccer players. Imbalance can be caused by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial over 8 weeks, 25 female footballers were randomly allocated to an experimental group (isometric abdominal training and gluteus medius-specific training) or a control group (isometric abdominal training). Evaluations were performed at baseline, at the end of the intervention and after a 4-week follow-up period. The exercise protocol in common for both groups included three exercises: Plank, Lateral plank and Bird dog. Specific exercises for the gluteus medius were: Pelvic drop and Stabilization of the gluteus medius in knee valgus. Outcome measures were lumbar-pelvic stability and adductor strength. Results: After the intervention, there was an increase in lumbo-pelvic stability in both groups, being greater in the control group than in the experimental group (mean differences [MD]: 4.84 vs. MD: 9.58; p < 0.01) with differences in the analysis of repeated measures (p < 0.001), but not in group interaction (p = 0.26). Changes were found in adductor strength in the experimental group (MD: −2.48; p < 0.001 in the left adductor; MD: −1.48; p < 0.01 in right adductor) and control group (MD: −1.68; p < 0.001 in the left adductor; MD: −2.05; p < 0.001 in the right adductor) after the intervention, with differences in the analysis of repeated measures in left (p < 0.001) and right (p < 0.001) adductor strength. Conclusions: An abdominal and gluteal training protocol shows no advantage over a protocol of abdominal training alone for lumbo-pelvic stability and adductor strength, while improvements in both variables are maintained at four weeks follow-up.

scholarly journals Paper 222: A Randomized Controlled Study on a Rehabilitation Model for Strengthening Self-efficacy of Knee Function in Patients with an ACL Injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. e466-e467
Author(s):  
Pia Thomee ◽  
Peter Währborg ◽  
Mats Borjesson ◽  
Roland Thomee ◽  
Bengt Eriksson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Knee Function ◽  
Randomized Controlled Study ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Rehabilitation Model

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Abdominal and Gluteus Medius Training in Lumbo-pelvic Stability and Adductor Strength in Women Soccer Players. A Randomized Controlled Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Guerrero-Tapia ◽  
Rodrigo Martín-Baeza ◽  
Rubén Cuesta-Barriuso
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background: Abdominal and lumbo-pelvic stability alterations may origin lower limb injuries, such as for example adductor pathology in soccer players. Imbalance can be caused by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Methods: This randomized controlled trial conducted over an 8-week period included 25 female footballers randomly allocated to an experimental group (isometric abdominal training and gluteus medius-specific training) or a control group (isometric abdominal training). The exercise protocol in common for both groups included three exercises: Plank, Lateral plank and Bird dog. Specific exercises for the gluteus medius were: Pelvic drop and Stabilization of the gluteus medius in knee valgus. Outcome measures were lumbo-pelvic stability and adductor strength.Results. Lumbo-pelvic stability after surgery was higher in the control group (MD: 4.84 vs MD: 9.58; p < .01) with differences in the analysis of repeated measures (p<.001), but not in group interaction (p =.26). Changes were found in adductor strength in the experimental group (MD: -2.48; p<.001 in the left adductor; MD: -1.48; p<.01 in right adductor) and control group (MD: -1.68; p<.001 in the left adductor; MD: -2.05; p<.001 in the right adductor) after the intervention, with differences in the analysis of repeated measures in left (p<.001) and right (p<.001) adductor strength.Conclusions. An abdominal and gluteal training protocol shows no advantage over a protocol of abdominal training alone for lumbo-pelvic stability and adductor strength and flexibility, while improvements are maintained at four weeks follow-up. Trial Registration Number: NCT03617887.

Mood Alterations in Older Adults following Acute Exercise

1994 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar F. Pierce ◽  
Donald W. Pate
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Affective Change

Limited research indicates positive affective change following acute bouts of exercise, but whether this improved affect among younger subjects may be generalized to older individuals is not known. The present study, then, examined the effects of a single bout of physical activity among older participants. 16 trained women ( Moge = 64.5 ± 7.6 yr.) completed an abbreviated Profile of Mood States prior to and immediately following a 75-min. session of aerobic line dancing. A series of one-way analyses of variance with repeated measures were used to examine differences between pre- and posttest subscores on mood states. Significant decreases following exercise in scores on Tension, Depression, Fatigue, and Anger and a significant increase in scores on Vigor relative to preexercise (control) scores were found. Global mood was significantly improved after the exercise session. No significant difference was found between pre- and postexercise measures of Confusion. Previous findings of significant improvements in affect immediately after an acute bout of exercise may be generalized to older adults. Repetition with a nonexercised control group is desirable.

scholarly journals Primary Care and Physical Literacy: A Non-Randomized Controlled Pilot Study to Combat the High Prevalence of Physically Inactive Adults in Austria

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8593
Author(s):  
Peter Holler ◽  
Johannes Jaunig ◽  
Othmar Moser ◽  
Silvia Tuttner ◽  
Helmut Simi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Literacy ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Activity Behavior

The multidimensional concept of physical literacy is fundamental for lifelong physical activity engagement. However, physical literacy-based interventions are in their infancy, especially among adults. Therefore, the purpose of this pilot study was to assess the association of a physical literacy-based intervention with changes in self-reported physical literacy among inactive adults. A non-randomized controlled study (2 × 2 design) was conducted, comparing pre- vs. postintervention. Twenty-eight inactive healthy participants in the intervention group (89% female, 53 ± 10 years) entered a physical literacy-based intervention once weekly for 14 weeks. The non-treated control group consisted of 22 inactive adults (96% female, 50 ± 11 years). Physical literacy was evaluated with a questionnaire encompassing five domains: physical activity behavior, attitude/understanding, motivation, knowledge, and self-efficacy/confidence. ANOVA models were applied to evaluate changes by time and condition. Following the intervention, significant improvements were seen for overall physical literacy and in four out of five physical literacy domains, including physical activity behavior, attitude/understanding, knowledge, and self-efficacy/confidence (all p < 0.01, Cohen’s d = 0.38–0.83). No changes by time x condition were found for motivation. The physical literacy-based intervention applied in this study may be a promising approach to help inactive adults to adopt an active lifestyle.

scholarly journals Do teen mentors improve the effectiveness of a culturally-adapted lifestyle intervention in Arab American youth? A randomized, controlled study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Suha Al-Oballi Kridli ◽  
Yung-Wen Liu ◽  
Amity Bates ◽  
Maria Jilian ◽  
Deana Hayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Arab American ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Culturally Adapted ◽  
Study Results

Objective: Rates of overweight and obesity have been steadily increasing among Arab American youths. The current study aimed to measure the effectiveness of a translated and culturally adapted health education curriculum, Just for Kids!, for 3rd, 4th and 5th grade children delivered by trained high school aged mentors compared to the same content delivered by an adult group leader in a classroom setting. The contribution of a culturally-specific lifestyle intervention targeting parents on the effectiveness of the curriculum was also assessed.Methods: A four-group randomized controlled trial was used, which incorporated a pretest-posttest design to evaluate and compare the effects of two curriculum delivery methods. Study participants were randomly assigned to teen mentors or adult led groups.Results: Nutritional knowledge improved in all groups with the most significant increase noted in individually-mentored participants with parental involvement. Individually-mentored participants with parental involvement (n = 17) had improved intentions (mean = 1.600, p = .990) and self-efficacy (mean = -1.233, p = .946) toward being physically active (mean = 1.600, p = .990) relative to participants in the adult-led group with parental involvement (n = 26).Conclusions: Study results supported the use of teen mentors in obesity prevention among Arab American children. Improved attitudes, intentions and self-efficacy toward eating healthfully were found among all participants in this study. 

scholarly journals Supplementation with Ziziphus Jujuba Suppresses Apoptosis Signals in Neutrophils after Acute Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Seyed Morteza Tayebi ◽  
◽  
Karsten Krüger ◽  
Farahnaz Ebrahimi ◽  
Abbas Izadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba ◽  
Circuit Resistance

It is suggested that jujube might benefit exercise-induced immune fluctuations, specifically on neutrophils’ apoptosis regulation, but its cellular mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of one-week supplemen- tation with Ziziphus jujuba on pro- and anti-apoptotic protein levels of neutrophils in response to a session of circuit resistance exercise. Fourteen young, healthy male students completed a session of circuit resistance exercise (75% 1RM, nine exercises, three sets) in two groups (n=7). While one group received a placebo, the other group was supplemented with jujube (0.5 g/kg body weight suspended in 2.5 cc distilled water) started a weekday before the exercise session. Blood samples were collected 30 minutes before, immediately, and two hours after the exercise. Neutrophils were col- lected and pro- (Calpain-1, Bax, Caspase-3) and anti-apoptotic (Calpastatin, XIAP) proteins measured with ELISA. In- tracellular calcium ([Ca 2+ ]i) was assessed using the Atomic Absorption/ Flame Emission method. Repeated-Measures ANOVA was used for the interaction effects of TIME×GROUP (3×2) at the significance level (p) of 0.05. The SPSS software was used for analyses. Levels of ([Ca 2+ ]i), expression of calpain-, and caspase-3 were increased in response to circuit resistance exercise (p<0.05). In contrast, supplementation with jujube suppressed these changes (p<0.01). The data indicate that a single session of intensive circuit resistance exercise elevated apoptosis signalling in human neutrophils with the involvement of [Ca 2+ ]i-Calpastatin-Calpain axis upstream caspase-3. Supplementation with the jujube solution attenuated cell death signalling, possibly by providing energy for neutrophils. Otherwise, the improvement of the anti- oxidant status might be protective against ROS-induced apoptosis during exercise.

scholarly journals The development and effect of the education program on hand hygiene and use of personal protective equipment: A randomized controlled study

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-gyeong Kim ◽  
Ihn Sook Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Over Time

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an education program on the accuracy of performance of hand hygiene (HH) and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) over time. This randomized controlled pretest–posttest study was performed with 34 experimental and 34 control group participants in the Western Development Region of Nepal. The intervention was a three hours education program on how to perform HH and use PPE, using multifaceted methods such as watching a movie, demonstration, practice, and peer feedback. The accuracy of HH and PPE use was measured three times with an observation checklist and was analyzed with a repeated measures ANOVA. The experimental group showed higher increase in accuracy of HH (F = 40.78, p < 0.001), putting on PPE (F = 112.75, p < 0.001), and taking off PPE (F = 34.72, p < 0.001) than the control group. As the education program had positive effects on the accuracy of HH and PPE use among nurses in Nepal, we suggest that the program be widely applied to healthcare workers in Nepal. Considering the decrease in the effect of the program on proper HH and PPE over time, it is recommended to provide re-education on HH and PPE at least three months and one month later, respectively.

The Effects of Rigid Scapular Taping on the Subacromial Space in Athletes With and Without Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hio Teng Leong ◽  
Siu Ngor Fu
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Randomized Controlled Study ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Subacromial Space ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
University Laboratory

Context:Reduction of the subacromial space (SAS) during arm elevation may contribute to rotator cuff (RC) tendinopathy. The effects of scapular taping on the SAS in athletes with and without RC tendinopathy are unknown.Objective:To investigate the immediate effects of scapular taping on the SAS in athletes with and without RC tendinopathy.Design:Randomized controlled study with repeated measures.Setting:University laboratory.Participants:A total of 43 male volleyball players (17 asymptomatic and 26 with RC tendinopathy, mean age = 22.9 [3.5] y) participated in the study.Intervention:Three scapular taping protocols—no taping (control), taping with tension (therapeutic taping), and taping without tension (sham taping).Main Outcome Measures:Ultrasound measurements of the SAS with the arm at 0° and 60° of shoulder abduction, and the change in the SAS between 0° and 60° of shoulder abduction (SAS0°–60°) were calculated.Results:Athletes with RC tendinopathy demonstrated larger SAS with therapeutic taping at 60° of shoulder abduction (6.9 [1.9] mm vs 5.8 [1.7] mm, mean difference = 1.1 mm, 95% confidence interval, −1.80 to −0.39,P = .002) when compared with the no taping condition. The tendinopathy group also showed less reduction in the SAS with therapeutic taping during SAS0°–60°(2.0 [1.4] mm vs 2.8 [1.4] mm,P = .02) when compared with the no taping condition. When tape was applied to the scapula in asymptomatic athletes, our results showed a relatively small increase in the SAS with therapeutic taping during arm resting at 0° of abduction when compared with the no taping condition (8.7 [0.9] mm vs 8.3 [0.8] mm, mean difference = 0.4 mm, 95% confidence interval, −0.71 to −0.11,P = .01).Conclusions:Athletes with RC tendinopathy demonstrated less reduction of the SAS with rigid scapular taping during early arm abduction. Such observation was not evidenced in asymptomatic athletes.

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