Effects of Self-Talk: A Systematic Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 666-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Tod ◽  
James Hardy ◽  
Emily Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
The Self ◽  
Task Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

This article presents a systematic review of the literature examining the relationship between self-talk and performance. “Second-generation questions” regarding potential mediators and moderators of the self-talk–performance relationship were also examined. A total of 47 studies were analyzed. Results indicated beneficial effects of positive, instructional, and motivational self-talk for performance. Somewhat surprisingly, two evidence-based challenges to popular current viewpoints on self-talk emerged. First, negative self-talk did not impede performance. Second, there was inconsistent evidence for the differential effects of instructional and motivational self-talk based on task characteristics. Results from the mediation-based analysis indicate that cognitive and behavioral factors had the most consistent relationships with self-talk. The findings are discussed in the context of recent theoretical advances, and the article includes recommendations for future research (e.g., the use of designs allowing the testing of meditational hypotheses) and for current applied practice (e.g., avoiding the use of thought-stopping techniques).

Diversity, Severe Disability, and Family: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Shurr ◽  
Aleksandra Hollingshead
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Severe Disabilities ◽  
Severe Disability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding family challenges and perspectives are critical to effective programming and services for individuals with severe disabilities. Equally central, yet often overlooked, is the relationship between family challenges and diversity. This systematic review examined a set of peer reviewed literature published between 2002-2015 at the intersection of diversity, severe disability, and family for the purpose of identifying the foci, subjects, and research methods of such studies. Results indicated a bias toward studies on the impact of disability on the family, as well as disability beliefs and behaviors. In addition, a majority of articles reported mothers as the primary source of data and surveys as the primary method of data collection. Implications of the findings and directions for future research are explored.

Telepractice for Adult Speech-Language Pathology Services: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 326-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Weidner ◽  
Joneen Lowman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Service Delivery Model ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Screening Assessment

Purpose We conducted a systematic review of the literature regarding adult telepractice services (screening, assessment, and treatment) from approximately 2014 to 2019. Method Thirty-one relevant studies were identified from a literature search, assessed for quality, and reported. Results Included studies illustrated feasibility, efficacy, diagnostic accuracy, and noninferiority of various speech-language pathology services across adult populations, including chronic aphasia, Parkinson's disease, dysphagia, and primary progressive aphasia. Technical aspects of the equipment and software used to deliver services were discussed. Some general themes were noted as areas for future research. Conclusion Overall, results of the review continue to support the use of telepractice as an appropriate service delivery model in speech-language pathology for adults. Strong research designs, including experimental control, across multiple well-described settings are still needed to definitively determine effectiveness of telepractice services.

The Contingent Effect of Team Composition on the Performance of Entrepreneurial Teams

2019 ◽  
pp. 654-680
Author(s):  
Serghei Musaji ◽  
Julio De Castro
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Team Composition ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Team Diversity ◽  
Entrepreneurial Teams ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
Active Debate ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Despite the continuous interest in studying entrepreneurial teams, the relationship between team composition and, particularly, team diversity and performance remains fertile ground for active debate. Taking roots in the knowledge-based view and organizational learning literatures, this chapter argues that performance in entrepreneurial teams is contingent on (a) the overlap between team members’ knowledge/competences and the content of the performed tasks, (b) the duplication of the team members’ knowledge in the areas with that content, (c) the nature of tasks (exploration or exploitation), (d) the team’s flexibility to adapt to changes in the content and nature of those tasks, and (e) the rate of environmental change. Because an important source of ambiguity in the understanding of how team diversity and performance are linked ties to issues of how team diversity is conceptualized and operationalized, the chapter also proposes a new way of looking at diversity in future research.

Psychobiological mechanisms underlying the health-beneficial effects of music in people living with dementia: A systematic review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 113338
Author(s):  
Mareike C. Sittler ◽  
Florian Worschech ◽  
Gabriele Wilz ◽  
Andreas Fellgiebel ◽  
Alexandra Wuttke-Linnemann
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Beneficial Effects

scholarly journals Microvascular decompression for tinnitus: systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 1148-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenton Nash ◽  
Matthew L. Carlson ◽  
Jamie J. Van Gompel
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Microvascular Decompression ◽  
English Language ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Preoperative Symptom ◽  
Operative Outcomes ◽  
Review Reports

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine operative outcomes in cases of microvascular decompression (MVD) of cranial nerve (CN) VIII for tinnitus through a critical review of the literature. METHODS Forty-three English-language articles were gathered from PubMed and analyzed. In this review, two different case types were distinguished: 1) tinnitus-only symptomatology, which was defined as a patient with tinnitus with or without sensorineural hearing loss; and 2) mixed symptomatology, which was defined as tinnitus with symptoms of other CN dysfunction. This review reports outcomes of those with tinnitus-only symptoms. RESULTS Forty-three tinnitus-only cases were found in the literature with a 60% positive outcome rate following MVD. Analysis revealed a 5-year cutoff of preoperative symptom duration before which a good outcome can be predicted with 78.6% sensitivity, and after which a poor outcome can be predicted with 80% specificity. CONCLUSIONS As the 60% success rate is more promising than several other therapeutic options open to the chronic tinnitus sufferer, future research into this field is warranted.

A review of intervention methods used to reduce flying-fox mortalities in heat stress events

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Matthew Mo ◽  
Mike Roache
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evaporative Heat Loss ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Intervention Trials ◽  
Individual Scale ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Flying Fox

Heat stress events in Australian flying-fox camps have resulted in significant numbers of flying-fox deaths. The frequency and intensity of such events have increased in recent decades, attributed to anthropogenic climate change. Evidence-based interventions are required to address this growing threat. Responders currently use different combinations of a range of intervention methods. We undertook a systematic review of heat stress interventions, which we classified as either ‘camp-scale’ or ‘individual-scale’. Camp-scale interventions included manual and automated misting of roost vegetation, whereas individual-scale interventions included spraying individual animals or removing them for intensive cooling and rehydration procedures. Our study showed that to date, evaluation of the efficacy of heat stress interventions has been largely anecdotal rather than empirical. This highlights the need for dedicated rigorous studies to evaluate the effectiveness of all the intervention methods described here. It will be especially important to understand the relationship between camp temperature and humidity levels and their influence on flying-foxes’ ability to regulate their body temperature, because high relative humidity reduces the ability of mammals to cool themselves using evaporative heat loss. The development of biophysiological measures such as temperature and humidity indices for different flying-fox species would enable meaningful interpretations of intervention trials under controlled conditions.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Evidence-Based Video Modeling for Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soonhwa Seok ◽  
Boaventura DaCosta ◽  
Mikayla McHenry-Powell ◽  
Linda Heitzman-Powell ◽  
Katrina Ostmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Video Modeling ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Students With Ebd

This systematic review examined eight studies showing that video modeling (VM) can have a positive and significant effect for students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). Building upon meta-analyses that sought evidence of video-based interventions decreasing problem behaviors of students with EBD in K-12 education, the review examined the standards of the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) for evidence-based practice as well as additional quality indicators, neglected quality indicators, strategies combined with VM, the impact of the independent variables on the dependent variables, and common recommendations offered for future research. Findings revealed that the eight studies met the CEC standards for evidence-based practices as well as other quality indicators. For instance, all studies reported content and setting, participants, intervention agents, description of practice, as well as interobserver agreement and experimental control. According to the findings, fidelity index and effect size were the two most neglected quality indicators. Furthermore, instructions, reinforcement system, and feedback or discussion were the most common strategies used. Finally, generalizability—across settings, populations, treatment agents, target behaviors in the real world, and subject matter—was the most common recommendation for future research. While further investigation is warranted, these findings suggest that VM is an effective evidence-based practice for students with EBD when the CEC standards are met.

scholarly journals Regreso a la presencialidad en el sector educación posterior al confinamiento, ¿es seguro volver? Una revisión sistemática rápida de la literatura Returning to Presence in the Post-Confinement Education Sector, Is It Safe to Return? A Rapid Systematic Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieta Gómez Montero ◽  
Gabriela Gómez Gómez1 ◽  
Luisa López-Sarasty ◽  
Valentina Moncada Cortes ◽  
Francisco Palencia-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Virtual Education ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
Social Abilities

Objective: The purpose of this review is to collect and synthesize the information available about the strategies and recommendations established around the world, to guarantee the reopening of educational institutions, in a safe manner, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, it seeks to propose evidence-based recommendations, which allow the safe reopening of educational institutions in Colombia. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out in databases such as Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, as well as research in grey literature, social media, Google, and Google Scholar. In order to do this, a search equation was proposed, and subsequently, 19 articles were chosen, which met the determined inclusion criteria. Results: According to the analyzed literature, the recommendations come to light in order to guarantee a safe return. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic, has caused an impact in all spheres of society, being the education, one of the most affected, because it has had a negative impact on the development of cognitive and social abilities, in particular, in the new generations, as a result of social distancing and the change of modality to remote and/or virtual education. For this reason, it is considered a priority the reopening educational institutions, in a safe manner, considering the evidence-based recommendations.

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