Compensatory Mechanisms in Basketball Players with Jumper’s Knee

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Siegmund ◽  
Kellie C. Huxel ◽  
C. Buz Swanik
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Jumper’S Knee ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Vertical Jump Height ◽  
Type Design

Context:Determining whether there are compensations in those with jumper’s knee (JK) might further our understanding of the condition.Objective:Comparing lower extremity kinematics and jump performance of basketball athletes with JK with those of healthy controls (C).Design:Repeated-measures control-match design.Setting:University laboratory.Participants:24 male basketball players (12 JK, 12 C) matched by height, weight, position, experience, and frequency of play.Interventions:Standing countermovement and running layup jumps.Main Outcome Measures:Maximum vertical-jump height, footfall landing, and lower extremity sagittal-plane kinematics.Results:There were no significant group differences (P > .05) in vertical-jump height (JK = 64.3 ± 8.6 cm, C = 63.0 ± 9.8 cm) or layup height (JK = 71.3 ± 11.6 cm, C = 73.3 ± 11.0 cm). JK subjects landed flat footed (50%) more than controls (8%). JK subjects showed significantly more hip flexion (JK = 105° ± 24.8°, C = 89.8° ± 14.1°; P = .039) with decreased hip acceleration during the countermovement (JK = −3039 ± 1392°/s2, C = −4229 ± 1765°/s2; P = .040). When landing from the countermovement jump, JK subjects had significantly less knee acceleration (JK = −4960 ± 1512°/s2, C = −6736 ± 2009°/s2; P = 023) and in the layup showed significantly less ankle dorsiflexion (JK = 106.5° ± 9.0°, C = 112.5° ± 7.7°; P = .048) and hip acceleration (JK = − 2841 ± 1094°/s2, C = −3912 ± 1575°/s2; P = .033).Conclusion:Compensatory strategies observed in JK subjects might help maintain performance, because their jump height was similar to that of healthy controls.

scholarly journals The Effects of Successive Soccer Matches on the Internal Match Load, Stress Tolerance, Salivary Cortisol and Jumping Performance in Youth Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
Julio Cesar Barbosa de Lima Pinto ◽  
Romerito Sóstenes Canuto de Oliveira ◽  
Nicole Leite Galvão-Coelho ◽  
Raissa Nóbrega de Almeida ◽  
Alexandre Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Jumping Performance ◽  
Vertical Jump Height

Abstract The study aim was to analyze the effects of successive matches on the internal match load, stress tolerance, salivary cortisol concentration and countermovement vertical jump height in twelve youth soccer players (16.6 ± 0.5 yr; 175 ± 8 cm; 65 ± 8 kg) who performed four official matches within a four day-period with a 24-h recovery interval between the matches. The internal match load, monotony index and competitive strain, as well as stress tolerance were examined. Saliva samples were collected and countermovement vertical jump height was assessed 60 min pre and 30 min post each match; delta of salivary cortisol and countermovement vertical jump height for each match were analyzed. Salivary cortisol was analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results of ANOVA with repeated measures showed no differences between matches for the internal match load (p > 0.05). The scores of the monotony index and competitive strain were 4.3 (±2.3) and 8104 (±6795) arbitrary units, respectively. There was no difference for stress tolerance between matches (p > 0.05). Delta values of salivary cortisol were not different among the assessed matches (F(3,33) = 1.397, p = 0.351, η2: 0.09); however, delta of countermovement vertical jump height decreased from match 1 to match 4 (F(3,33) = 8.64, p < 0.001, η2: 0.44). The current findings suggest that participating in four successive matches, with 24-h of recovery in between, may not lead to changes in stress tolerance and salivary cortisol of youth players, but it may induce a decrease in players’ jumping performance after the fourth match.

A Comparative Analysis of Selected Ankle Orthoses during Functional Tasks

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Yaggie ◽  
Stephen J. Kinzey
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Vertical Jump Height ◽  
Run Time ◽  
Joint Range ◽  
Shuttle Run ◽  
Ankle Bracing

Context:Ankle bracing has been used for many years in an attempt to prevent lateral ligamentous injuries of the ankle by restricting joint range of motion (ROM).Objective:To examine the influence of ankle bracing on ROM and sport-related performance.Design:Repeated measures.Setting:Biomechanics laboratory.Participants:30 volunteers. None reported ankle trauma within 2 years preceding the study or had other orthopedic conditions that would have affected physical performance.Intervention:Three brace conditions (McDavid A101™, Perform-8™ Lateral Stabilizer) were assessed during performance of the vertical jump and shuttle run.Main Outcome Measures:shuttle-run time, vertical jump height, inversion, and plantar flexion ROM.Results:Both braces restricted plantar flexion and inversion ROM and caused no change in shuttle-run time or vertical jump height.Conclusions:Our results indicate that bracing the ankle joint increases external lateral support to the joint without significantly restricting functional ability.

scholarly journals Impact of different training methods to the maximum vertical jump height in junior basketball players

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Kukric ◽  
Milivoje Karalejic ◽  
Sasa Jakovljevic ◽  
Borko Petrovic ◽  
Radivoj Mandic
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Vertical Jump Height

scholarly journals Physical Performance Improves With Time and a Functional Knee Brace in Athletes After ACL Reconstruction

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 232596712094425
Author(s):  
Laura C. Dickerson ◽  
Alexander T. Peebles ◽  
Joseph T. Moskal ◽  
Thomas K. Miller ◽  
Robin M. Queen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Knee Brace ◽  
Vertical Jump Height ◽  
The Impact

Background: Athletes who return to sport (RTS) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) often have reduced physical performance and a high reinjury rate. Additionally, it is currently unclear how physical performance measures can change during the RTS transition and with the use of a functional knee brace. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of time since surgery (at RTS and 3 months after RTS) and of wearing a brace on physical performance in patients who have undergone ACLR. We hypothesized that physical performance measures would improve with time and would not be affected by brace condition. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 28 patients who underwent ACLR (9 males, 19 females) completed physical performance testing both after being released for RTS and 3 months later. Physical performance tests included the modified agility t test (MAT) and vertical jump height, which were completed with and without a knee brace. A repeated-measures analysis of variance determined the effect of time and bracing on performance measures. Results: The impact of the knee brace was different at the 2 time points for the MAT side shuffle ( P = .047). Wearing a functional knee brace did not affect any other physical performance measure. MAT times improved for total time ( P < .001) and backpedal ( P < .001), and vertical jump height increased ( P = .002) in the 3 months after RTS. Conclusion: The present study showed that physical performance measures of agility and vertical jump height improved in the first 3 months after RTS. This study also showed that wearing a knee brace did not hinder physical performance. Clinical Relevance: Wearing a functional knee brace does not affect physical performance, and therefore a brace could be worn during the RTS transition without concern. Additionally, physical performance measures may still improve 3 months past traditional RTS, therefore justifying delayed RTS.

Ankle Bracing Decreases Vertical Jump Height and Alters Lower Extremity Kinematics

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Smith ◽  
Tina Claiborne ◽  
Victor Liberi
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Vertical Jump Height ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
Ankle Plantar Flexion ◽  
Ankle Bracing

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of ankle bracing on vertical jump performance and lower extremity kinematics and electromyography (EMG) activity. Twenty healthy college athletes participated in two sessions, separated by a minimum of 24 hr. They performed five jumps with no brace on the first day, and five jumps with both ankles braced on the second day. An average of the three highest jumps each day was used for analysis. Braced vertical jump performance significantly decreased (p = .002) as compared with the unbraced condition. In addition, hip flexion (p = .043) and ankle plantar flexion (p = .001) angles were significantly smaller during the braced vertical jump. There was also a significant reduction in soleus muscle EMG (p = .002) during the braced condition.

Lower Extremity Strength and Coordination Are Independent Contributors to Maximum Vertical Jump Height

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Tomioka ◽  
Tammy M. Owings ◽  
Mark D. Grabiner
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Relative Phase ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Vertical Jump Height ◽  
Lower Extremity Strength

We previously reported that lower extremity muscular strength of older adults did not predict success of a balance recovery task. We propose that lower extremity coordination may limit performance independently of lower extremity strength. The present study was conducted to determine the extent to which knee extension strength and hip–knee coordination independently contribute to maximum vertical jump height. Maximum vertical jump height and isometric and isokinetic knee extension strength and power were determined in 13 young adults. Hip–knee coordination during the vertical jump was quantified using relative phase angles. Stepwise nonlinear multiple regression determined the variable set that best modeled the relationship between the dependent variable, maximum vertical jump height, and the independent variables of strength, power, and coordination. The quadratic terms of the normalized knee extension strength at 60 deg·s–1, and the average relative phase during the propulsion phase of the vertical jump, collectively accounted for more than 80% of the shared variance (p= .001). The standardized regression coefficients of the two terms, .59 and .52, respectively (p= .004 and .008), indicated the independence and significance of the contributions of knee extension strength and hip–knee coordination to maximum vertical jump height. Despite the pitfalls of extrapolating these results to older adults performing a balance recovery task, the results are interpreted as supporting the contention that while muscle strength confers a number of functional benefits, the ability to avoid falling as a result of a trip is not necessarily ensured. Increased muscle strength per se can occur in the absence of improved kinematic coordination.

Effects of Neuromuscular Strength Training on Vertical Jumping Performance— A Computer Simulation Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinori Nagano ◽  
Karin G.M. Gerritsen
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Jumping Performance ◽  
Vertical Jump Height ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Isometric Muscle ◽  
Isometric Muscle Force

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to systematically investigate the effect of altering specific neuromuscular parameters on maximum vertical jump height, and (b) to systematically investigate the effect of strengthening specific muscle groups on maximum vertical jump height. A two-dimensional musculoskeletal model which consisted of four rigid segments, three joints, and six Hill-type muscle models, representing the six major muscles and muscle groups in the lower extremity that contribute to jumping performance, was trained systematically. Maximum isometric muscle force, maximum muscle shortening velocity, and maximum muscle activation, which were manipulated to simulate the effects of strength training, all had substantial effects on jumping performance. Part of the increase in jumping performance could be explained solely by the interaction between the three neuromuscular parameters. It appeared that the most effective way to improve jumping performance was to train the knee extensors among all lower extremity muscles. For the model to fully benefit from any training effects of the neuromuscular system, it was necessary to continue to reoptimize the muscle coordination, in particular after the strength training sessions that focused on increasing maximum isometric muscle force.

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