Adaptations of the Upper Body to Plyometric Training in Cricket Players of Different Age Groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-706
Author(s):  
Deepika Singla ◽  
M. Ejaz Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Body Balance ◽  
Neuromuscular Adaptations ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Upper Body Power ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Medicine Ball

Context: Neuromuscular adaptations following exercise training are believed to enhance sports performance. While abundant research is available on adaptations of the lower body to plyometric training, little is known about adaptations of the upper body to plyometric training. Objective: To examine the effect of plyometric training on neuromuscular adaptations in cricket players of different age groups. Design: Randomized parallel group active-controlled trial. Setting: Research laboratory, school cricket ground, and sports complex field. Participants: Fifty-nine cricket players were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group. Interventions: The experimental group was subjected to 8 weeks of medicine ball plyometric training held thrice per week. Neuromuscular adaptations were analyzed pretraining and posttraining in 3 age groups: <18, 18–25, and >25 years. Analysis of variance was used to ascertain the training effects between and within the 6 subgroups, that is, age group <18 years (control and experimental), age group 18–25 years (control and experimental), and age group >25 years (control and experimental). Main outcome measures: Muscle activation, upper body balance, upper body power, and muscle strength. Results: Out of 59, 55 participants completed the study. Subjects aged <18 years (adolescents) showed significantly greater improvements than those from the groups 18–25 years and >25 years (adults) on upper body balance and upper body power. Significant improvements were observed in the experimental subjects of all age groups on their muscle activity of biceps brachii, upper body balance, and upper body power following medicine ball plyometric training. Conclusions: Though adolescent subjects were found to be more adaptive than adult subjects, experimental subjects showed significantly greater neuromuscular adaptations to medicine ball plyometric training than controls. These findings emphasize the need for coaches and athletic trainers to inculcate medicine ball plyometric exercises in training regimes of cricket players so as to improve their upper body performance.

Effects of a Combined Upper- and Lower-Limb Plyometric Training Program on High-Intensity Actions in Female U14 Handball Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrez Hammami ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
Nawel Gaamouri ◽  
Gaith Aloui ◽  
Roy J. Shephard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: To analyze the effects of a 9-week plyometric training program on the sprint times (5, 10, 20, and 30 m), change-of-direction speed (modified T test and modified Illinois test), jumping (squat jump, countermovement jump, countermovement jump with arms, and horizontal 5-jump test), upper-body strength (right and left handgrip, back extensor strength, and medicine ball throw), and balance (Y and stork balance tests) of female handball players. Methods: Athletes were randomly divided into experimental (n = 21; age = 13.5 [0.3] y) and control (n = 20; age = 13.3 [0.3] y) groups. Training exercises and matches were performed together, but the experimental group replaced a part of their normal regimen by biweekly upper- and lower-limb plyometric training. Results: Both groups improved performance, but to a greater extent in the experimental group compared with controls for 20- and 30-m sprint times (Δ% = 9.6, P < .05, d = 0.557 and Δ% = 20.9, P < .001, d = 1.07, respectively), change of direction (T test: P < .01, Δ% = 14.5, d = 0.993 and Illinois test: P < .01, Δ% = 7.9, d = 0.769), vertical and horizontal jumping (P < .05), all measures of upper-limb strength (P < .001), and left-leg stork balance (P < .001, Δ% = 49.9, d = 1.07). Conclusions: A plyometric training program allows female junior handball players to improve important components of their physical performance.

scholarly journals CORRELATION STUDY OF AGE WITH GRIP STRENGTH AND PINCH STRENGTH IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-46
Author(s):  
Divya Gupta ◽  
Nisha Shokeen ◽  
Sushmita Kushwaha ◽  
Shilpa Shilpa
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Age Related

Introduction: Deterioration in hand function in the elderly population is mostly secondary to age related degenerative changes in muscle, vascular and nervous system. Evaluation of hand strength can provide an objective index of general upper body strength. Aim: To determine the correlation of age with grip strength and pinch strength in healthy individuals. Methodology: This was a prospective study with 110 healthy subjects within the age group of 20-74 years. All the individuals in the study are divided in to 11 age groups of five years interval. Grip strength and pinch strength of each subject were recorded with hydraulic hand grip dynamometer and pinch gauge respectively. Then the data was calculated for further evaluations. Results: The highest and lowest grip as well as pinch strength was found in age group 30-34 year and 70-74 years respectively. The value of correlation coefficient, ‘r’ between age and grip strength was found to be -0.945 and between age and pinch strength was found to be -0.890 suggesting strong negative correlation of age with pinch and grip strength. Conclusion: The study concludes that with increasing age, grip strength and pinch strength decreases.

The Seated Medicine Ball Throw As A Test Of Upper Body Power In Older Adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 371-372
Author(s):  
Chad Harris ◽  
Andrew P. Wattles ◽  
Mark DeBeliso ◽  
Kent J. Adams ◽  
Joseph M. Berning
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Upper Body Power ◽  
Medicine Ball

The Seated Medicine Ball Throw as a Test of Upper Body Power in Older Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 2344-2348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Harris ◽  
Andrew P Wattles ◽  
Mark DeBeliso ◽  
Patricia G Sevene-Adams ◽  
Joseph M Berning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Upper Body Power ◽  
Medicine Ball

scholarly journals Neuromuscular Adaptations and Enhancement of Physical Performance in Female Basketball Players After 8 Weeks of Plyometric Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosser Cherni ◽  
Mehrez Hammami ◽  
Mohamed Chedly Jelid ◽  
Ghaith Aloui ◽  
Katsuhiko Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vastus Medialis ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Neuromuscular Adaptations ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of an 8-week in-season plyometric training (PT) program on the physical performance and neuromuscular adaptations of female basketball players. Twenty-seven elite female basketball players (aged 21.0 ± 2.6 years) were assigned between an experimental group (n = 15) who substituted a part of their usual training with biweekly PT, and a control group (n = 12) who maintained their standard basketball training. Analyses of variance and co-variance assessed changes in 10, 20, and 30 m sprint times, ability to change direction (T-test) and jumping ability [squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ)] with electromyographic assessment of the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and rectus femoris muscles during jumping and meassurement of the isokinetic strength of the knee muscles. After 8 weeks of the plyometric program the experimental group enhanced change of direction performance (Δ = −3.90%, d = 0.67) and showed a greater thigh cross sectional area (Δ = 9.89%, d = 0.95) relative to controls. Neural adaptations included significant improvements of EMG parameters for the vastus medialis muscle during Squat Jumping (Δ = 109.3%, d = 0.59). However, trends to improvements of sprinting times and jumping performances did not reach statistical significance. In addition, there were no gains in the peak torque and the average power of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles at either slow or moderate test speeds. We conclude that 8-weeks of PT (72–126 jumps) was insufficient to improve many of the variables associated with basketball performance in our subject-group. Further studies of female basketball players, extending the program period and increasing the intensity and speed of jumps are recommended in the search for more significant results.

scholarly journals Proposal of standardization of Horus® computerized posturography in adults

CoDAS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evaldo César Macau Furtado Ferreira ◽  
Raquel Mezzalira ◽  
Guita Stoler ◽  
Vanessa Brito Campoy Rocha ◽  
Carlos Takahiro Chone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Stability Limit ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Confidence Ellipse ◽  
Body Balance ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
Computerized Posturography ◽  
Trajectory Length ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Ellipse Area

ABSTRACT Purpose: To propose a normalization model of a posturography platform in adults without changes in body balance, through descriptive analysis by age group and sex. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study. Adults, with no changes in body balance and no vestibular complaints were submitted to 6 sensory conditions on the Horus® posturography platform. The following variables were analyzed: stability limit area and confidence ellipse area, trajectory length and average velocity for each condition tested. The variables were analyzed by age group and sex. The equilibrium score, the sensory integration test and the equilibrium index were calculated on the conditions. Results: Sixty-one subjects (38.3%) and 23 (37.7%) were male, 40 (65.57%) between the ages of 20 and 40 and 21 (34.43). %) between 41 and 59 years. The area of the stability limit and pressure center variables for 6 sensory conditions tested - confidence ellipse area, trajectory length, total mean velocity and confidence ellipse ratio by the area of the stability limit were described. There was a statistically significant difference in the comparison between the area of the stability limit between sexes and between age groups, being a higher value in males and in younger patients. Regarding the analysis of the variables by each condition, there was no difference of results between the sexes and age groups. Conclusion: Subjects of different sexes and age groups should be considered separately only in the analysis of the stability limit.

scholarly journals Impact of maximal power training with and without plyometric on speed endurance and upper body power of team handball players

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Balaji Ethiraj ◽  
Murugavel Kamatchi
Keyword(s):  
Upper Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
College Level ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Maximal Power ◽  
Team Handball ◽  
Group I ◽  
Upper Body Power ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of maximal power training with and without plyometrics on speed endurance and upper body power of team handball players. Material and Methods. Sixty college level men team handball players were randomly selected from Coimbatore district as subjects. Their age ranged between 18 and 25 years. The selected subjects were divided into three equal groups consisting of twenty each. No attempt was made to equate the groups. Experimental group I (n = 20) underwent maximal power training with plyometrics (MPTWP), Experimental group II (n = 20) underwent maximal power training without plyometrics (MPTWOP) for a period of 12 weeks and group III (n = 20) acted as control group (CG), the subjects in control group were not engaged in any training programme other than their regular work. Data obtained were evaluated in SPSS package. Results. The F value revealed that the speed endurance and upper body power were significantly improved due to the influence of maximal power training with plyometrics. Conclusions. As a result, 12 weeks of maximal power training with plyometrics can be said to increase the speed endurance and upper body power of team handball players.

scholarly journals Correlation between ball speed of the spike and the strength condition of a professional women’s volleyball team during the season

Kinesiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Valadés ◽  
José Manuel Palao ◽  
Ángel Aúnsolo ◽  
Aurelio Ureña
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Ball Speed ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Upper Body Power ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Medicine Ball

The aim of this paper was to study the relationship between spike speed and the players’ characteristics, anthropometrics, and strength levels throughout the season for a women’s professional volleyball team. Players from a Spanish first division team performed a battery of tests evaluating anthropometric characteristics, strength performance, and spike speed at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of one competitive season. The variables were: age; training experience; height; one-hand standing reach height; body mass; body mass index; height of the vertical jump with an approach (spike jump); muscle percentage of arms; 1 repetition maximum (1RM) bench press; 1RM pullover; overhead medicine ball throws for distance using 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 kg; spike angles; and speed of standing and jump spikes. Results showed that players’ general strength (bench press and pullover) and power parameters (medicine ball throws) increased throughout theseason, while speed of the jump did not improve. The variable that best predicted the jump spike speed at all the three time points in the season was the standing spike speed. The players’ training increased their strength and upper-body power, but these improvements were not transferred to players’ hitting speed ability. Push-pull and throwing exercises were not specific enough to improve the hitting ability of the female senior volleyball players.

scholarly journals Establishing Normative Reference Values for the Utah Seated Medicine Ball Throw Protocol in Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory Bigger ◽  
Abigail Larson ◽  
Mark DeBeliso
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Physical Education Students ◽  
Upper Body Power ◽  
Medicine Ball

The seated medicine ball throw (SMBT) is a field test intended to assess upper-body muscular power by measuring the maximal distance an individual can throw a medicine ball from an isolated, seated position. The SMBT has been used to assess upper-body power in various populations and to establish concurrent validity for other measures of upper-body power such as the bench press power test and the plyometric push-up. The SMBT is less costly and simpler to incorporate into a field test battery than other upper body power assessments. While the SMBT is a valid, reliable field test for upper-body power, normative reference standards for most populations, including adolescent (12-15 years old) physical education students, do not exist. Purpose: This study reports distances thrown in the SMBT to establish normative reference values in male and female physical education students, ages 12-15 years old. Methods: One hundred thirteen untrained male and female physical education students aged 12-15 years performed the SMBT field test three times on a single testing day. Participants threw a 2kg medicine ball with a 19.5 cm diameter while seated at 90 degrees after recording height and weight. Results: Participant data was separated by age gender for analysis. Mean and standard deviation for the SMBT for males was 4.3+/-0.7m and 5.2+/-0.8 m for ages 12-13 and 14-15, respectively, and for females was 3.4+/-0.5m and 3.7+/-0.5m for ages 12-13 and 14-15, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients for between-trials comparisons for males and females ranged from r=0.85-0.97. Pearson correlation coefficients for average SMBT and age of participants was r=0.93. Normative reference values as percentile ranks for the SMBT scores for age groups 12-13 and 14-15 among males and females, respectively, were also established. Conclusion: The data presented provides an initial set of normative reference standards for coaches and students to determine upper-body muscular power using the SMBT.

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