scholarly journals Folk standards of sound judgment: Rationality Versus Reasonableness

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. eaaz0289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Grossmann ◽  
Richard P. Eibach ◽  
Jacklyn Koyama ◽  
Qaisar B. Sahi
Keyword(s):  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Soap Operas ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Good Judgment ◽  
North Americans ◽  
Commons Dilemma ◽  
Dictator Games ◽  
Legal Opinions ◽  
Google Books ◽  
And Behavior

Normative theories of judgment either focus on rationality (decontextualized preference maximization) or reasonableness (pragmatic balance of preferences and socially conscious norms). Despite centuries of work on these concepts, a critical question appears overlooked: How do people’s intuitions and behavior align with the concepts of rationality from game theory and reasonableness from legal scholarship? We show that laypeople view rationality as abstract and preference maximizing, simultaneously viewing reasonableness as sensitive to social context, as evidenced in spontaneous descriptions, social perceptions, and linguistic analyses of cultural products (news, soap operas, legal opinions, and Google books). Further, experiments among North Americans and Pakistani bankers, street merchants, and samples engaging in exchange (versus market) economy show that rationality and reasonableness lead people to different conclusions about what constitutes good judgment in Dictator Games, Commons Dilemma, and Prisoner’s Dilemma: Lay rationality is reductionist and instrumental, whereas reasonableness integrates preferences with particulars and moral concerns.

scholarly journals Folk standards of sound judgment: Rationality vs. Reasonableness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Grossmann ◽  
Richard Eibach ◽  
Jacklyn Koyama ◽  
Qaisar B. Sahi
Keyword(s):  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Soap Operas ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Good Judgment ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
North Americans ◽  
Commons Dilemma ◽  
Legal Opinions ◽  
Google Books ◽  
And Behavior

Normative theories of judgment either focus on rationality – decontextualized preference maximization, or reasonableness – the pragmatic balance of preferences and socially-conscious norms. Despite centuries of work on such concepts, a critical question appears overlooked: How do people’s intuitions and behavior align with the concepts of rationality from game theory and reasonableness from legal scholarship? We show that laypeople view rationality as abstract and preference-maximizing, simultaneously viewing reasonableness as social-context-sensitive and socially-conscious, as evidenced in spontaneous descriptions, social perceptions, and linguistic analyses of the terms in cultural products (news, soap operas, legal opinions, and Google books). Further, experiments among North Americans and Pakistani bankers, street merchants, and samples engaging in exchange (vs. market-) economy show that rationality and reasonableness lead people to different conclusions about what constitutes good judgment in Dictator Games, Commons Dilemma and Prisoner’s Dilemma: Lay rationality is reductionist and instrumental, whereas reasonableness integrates preferences with particulars and moral concerns.

scholarly journals PENGARUH SELEBRITI PENDUKUNG IKLAN MELALUI DAYA TARIK DAN KREDIBILITAS TERHADAP CITRA MEREK NUTRISARI OLEH MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS 17 AGUSTUS 1945 (UNTAG) SURABAYA

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Bagus Cempena ◽  
Dheny Febryono
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
Soap Operas ◽  
The Public ◽  
Famous People ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Dominant Influence

This research title "Celebrity Influence Through Advertising Support Fascination And Credibility Against Brand Image NutriSari By August 17, 1945 University Students(UNTAG) Surabaya". Celebrity Supporters rent role as people talk about the product, whichwill influence the attitudes and behavior of consumers who indicate on the product supports.Celebrity supporters in the advertising ads is someone known to the public because of theirachievements in different fields of product classes are supported, such as the artist movies,soap operas, comedian, and all the famous people who are engaged in the field ofentertainment. The purpose of this study are: (1) To identify, analyze and prove whetherFascination and Credibility can simultaneously affect the brand image NutriSari By August17, 1945 University Students (UNTAG) Surabaya. (2) To identify, analyze and verify whetherFascination and Credibility can simultaneously affect the brand image NutriSari By August17, 1945 University Students (UNTAG) Surabaya. (3) To identify, analyze and prove thecredibility of Attraction and the most dominant influence on brand image NutriSari By August17, 1945 University Students (UNTAG) Surabaya. The hypothesis of this study are: (1)estimated Fascination and Credibility can simultaneously affect the brand image NutriSari ByAugust 17, 1945 University Students (UNTAG) Surabaya. (2) Anticipated Fascination andCredibility can simultaneously affect the brand image NutriSari By August 17, 1945University Students (UNTAG) Surabaya. (3) It is assumed Credibility most dominantinfluence on brand image NutriSari By August 17, 1945 University Students (UNTAG)Surabaya. This study proves that the Fascination and credibility significant effectsimultaneously Against Brand Image NutriSari By August 17, 1945 University Students(UNTAG) Surabaya. Fascination significant effect partially to the brand image NutriSari ByAugust 17, 1945 University Students (UNTAG) Surabaya. Significant effect partiallycredibility to the brand image NutriSari By August 17, 1945 University Students (UNTAG)Surabaya. Credibility is the dominant influence on brand image NutriSari By August 17, 1945University Students (UNTAG) Surabaya.Keywords: Celebrity Supporters rent, Attractiveness, Credibility, Brand Image.

scholarly journals Social perceptions of convicts about the attitude of society towards ever imprisoned persons

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-240
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Suchkova
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Former Prisoners ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
First Time

The article analyzes the content of the social perception of convicts about the attitude of society towards ever imprisoned persons. It is noted that the very fact of a conviction often causes a wary attitude of people towards former convicts, which significantly complicates the process of their adaptation to life in freedom. The negative assessment of the personality and behavior of criminals which still persists in public opinion even after they have served their sentence and this contributes to the fact that convicts feel themselves as a group being subjected to stigmatization. An empirical study tested the hypothesis that in convicted persons’ view, who have served their sentences in places of deprivation of liberty, are still criminals in public opinion who constitute a menace even after their release. The assessment of society position about people with conviction by convicts is associated with the experience of those who were in places of liberty deprivation. Repeatedly convicted persons as compared with those who were convicted for the first time are surer in negative and biased treatment of former prisoners. To study the content of social perceptions a mixed research strategy was used. It consists in integrating of methods for collecting and analyzing data of qualitative and quantitative strategies. The study used specially designed interview plan and rating scale constructed on the basis of the data obtained with its help. The research sample includes groups of convicts formed depending on the number of sentences served. The results of the research allow us to conclude that in convicts’ perception there is a negative society attitude towards former prisoners which manifests itself in social distance from them in various spheres of social interaction. Persons who have previously served their sentences in places of deprivation of liberty, unlike those convicted for the first time, demonstrate greater confidence in the discriminatory nature of society’s attitude towards their group.

Rising Ottoman Nostalgia in Turkish Popular Culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 8-28
Author(s):  
Ceren Çetinkaya
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Soap Operas ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Policy Positions ◽  
Identity Reconstruction ◽  
Critical Visual Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Current Reconstruction

This article contributes to the study of the relationship between popular culture and politics by analysing the reversal of Turkey’s Europeanization process after 2010. It explores how domestic dynamics can change social perceptions into foreign policy positions. Therefore, this article examines domestic dimensions and the current Turkish government’s identity reconstruction process by considering popular culture as an important dynamic in the relations between the EU and Turkey. The current reconstruction process from a European to a neo-Ottoman identity of Turkey is analysed via Gramsci’s cultural hegemony concept to understand the changes in Turkish politicians’ discourses and popular culture products more efficiently. Two famous Ottoman-themed soap operas are compared in terms of their content and government’s attitudes towards them. Moreover, discourse analysis and critical visual analysis are used to examine the representations of Turkish and European identities in the soap operas.

Attributions and Behavior in a Commons Dilemma

1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian P. O'Connor ◽  
David B. Tindall
Keyword(s):  
Commons Dilemma ◽  
And Behavior

The Need for an Inter-American Approach

1965 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Henry King Stanford
Keyword(s):  
American Studies ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
The South ◽  
Good Judgment ◽  
North Americans ◽  
The North ◽  
Major Emphasis ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Fortunate good judgment led the founders of the Journal of Inter-American Studies to place major emphasis in their new enterprise of six years ago on the most neglected aspect of studies related to the western hemisphere: the Inter-American aspect.North Americans at that time had long been devoting scholarly attention to their neighbors to the South. But generally their study — sympathetic and understanding though it was — was of one people looking at other peoples through eyes that saw backgrounds, outlooks, and problems essentially different from their own. Thinking on the part of the North Americans was in terms of Latin American studies, Hispanic American studies, or even South American studies.

“Gaydar”

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 444-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas O. Rule ◽  
Ravin Alaei
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Better Than

Though many of people’s impressions about each other stem from qualities that are obvious or apparent, social perceptions also rely on a variety of subtle cues that guide judgment and behavior. For example, emerging work has increasingly elucidated the conditions and means by which individuals’ accuracy in judging others’ sexual orientation is better than chance. We discuss these here, focusing on four domains from which people draw cues to accurately perceive sexual orientation: how people adorn themselves (adornment), how they move (actions), how they sound (acoustics), and how they look (appearance). Moreover, we describe how certain factors, such as one’s own sexual orientation, can constrain or facilitate this accuracy and describe the various negative social and occupational consequences that may result from cues that someone is gay or straight.

scholarly journals Social Representations of Earthquakes: A Study of People Living in Three Highly Seismic Areas

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Joffe ◽  
Tiziana Rossetto ◽  
Christian Solberg ◽  
Cliodhna O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
North Americans ◽  
The North ◽  
Emotional Dimensions ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Matched Samples

Much research on people's seismic adjustment activity in highly seismic areas has assumed that low levels of adjustment are attributable to insufficient awareness of seismic risk. Empirical evidence for this assumption is weak, and there is growing appreciation of the role played by sociocultural and emotional variables in risk perception and behavior. This study explored these socio-cultural and emotional dimensions via 144 interviews and questionnaires, with matched samples of locals in Seattle (United States), Osaka (Japan), and Izmir (Turkey). The data showed that high awareness of possible seismic adjustment measures was not translated into behavior, with all sites demonstrating low adjustment uptake, though the North Americans adopted significantly more adjustments than the other cultures. Thematic analysis of the interview data suggested that adjustment behavior was undermined by anxiety, distrust, distancing self from earthquake risk and fatalistic beliefs. The paper concludes by recommending how culture-specific disaster mitigation plans may be developed to address these factors.

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