The world of two-dimensional carbides and nitrides (MXenes)

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 372 (6547) ◽  
pp. eabf1581
Author(s):  
Armin VahidMohammadi ◽  
Johanna Rosen ◽  
Yury Gogotsi
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Wireless Antennas

A decade after the first report, the family of two-dimensional (2D) carbides and nitrides (MXenes) includes structures with three, five, seven, or nine layers of atoms in an ordered or solid solution form. Dozens of MXene compositions have been produced, resulting in MXenes with mixed surface terminations. MXenes have shown useful and tunable electronic, optical, mechanical, and electrochemical properties, leading to applications ranging from optoelectronics, electromagnetic interference shielding, and wireless antennas to energy storage, catalysis, sensing, and medicine. Here we present a forward-looking review of the field of MXenes. We discuss the challenges to be addressed and outline research directions that will deepen the fundamental understanding of the properties of MXenes and enable their hybridization with other 2D materials in various emerging technologies.

Technical viewpoint on polystyrene/graphene nanocomposite

2020 ◽  
pp. 089270572090765
Author(s):  
Ayesha Kausar
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
High Performance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposites ◽  
Structure Property Relationship ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposite

This review presents state-of-the-art progress in the field of polystyrene (PS)/graphene nanocomposite. Graphene is a monoatomic thick nanoallotrope of carbon. It has attracted tremendous research consideration owing to chemical functionalization aptitude and remarkable physical properties. Graphene has been used as a potential nanofiller to dramatically improve the performance of polymeric nanocomposite. PS is an important synthetic aromatic thermoplastic polymer. Graphene has been used to enhance the mechanical strength, thermal stability, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity of PS/graphene nanocomposite. Dispersion routes and synthetic methods of graphene and PS/graphene nanocomposite have also been reviewed. PS/graphene nanocomposites have been explored for anticorrosion, electromagnetic interference shielding, batteries, electrocatalysis, and microextraction applications. In spite of interesting developments, a lot remains to be done with regard to fundamental understanding of structure–property relationship and designing materials to operate for advanced high performance applications. This review is also concluded listing current challenges associated with processing and future perspectives of nanocomposite.

Exfoliation and Defect Control of Two-Dimensional Few-Layer MXene Ti3C2Tx for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Coatings

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (44) ◽  
pp. 49737-49747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnamoorthy Rajavel ◽  
Xuecheng Yu ◽  
Pengli Zhu ◽  
Yougen Hu ◽  
Rong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding ◽  
Defect Control

scholarly journals Optoelectrical Nanomechanical Resonators Made From Multilayered 2D Materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshoua Condicion Esmenda ◽  
Myrron Albert Callera Aguila ◽  
Jyh-Yang Wang ◽  
Teik-Hui Lee ◽  
Yen-Chun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Quantum Communications ◽  
Nanomechanical Resonator ◽  
Nanomechanical Resonators ◽  
The Family ◽  
Low Mass

Abstract Studies involving nanomechanical motion have evolved from its detection and understanding of its fundamental aspects to its promising practical utility as an integral component of hybrid systems. Nanomechanical resonators’ indispensable role as transducers between optical and microwave fields in hybrid systems, such as quantum communications interface, have elevated their importance in recent years. It is therefore crucial to determine which among the family of nanomechanical resonators is more suitable for this role. Most of the studies revolve around nanomechanical resonators of ultrathin structures because of their inherently large mechanical amplitude due to their very low mass. Here, we argue that the underutilized nanomechanical resonators made from multilayered two-dimensional (2D) materials are the better fit for this role because of their comparable electrostatic tunability and larger optomechanical responsivity. To show this, we first demonstrate the electrostatic tunability of mechanical modes of a multilayered nanomechanical resonator made from graphite. We also show that the optomechanical responsivity of multilayered devices will always be superior as compared to the few-layer devices. Finally, by using the multilayered model and comparing this device with the reported ones, we find that the electrostatic tunability of devices of intermediate thickness is not significantly lower than that of ultrathin ones. Together with the practicality in terms of fabrication ease and design predictability, we contend that multilayered 2D nanomechanical resonators are the optimal choice for the electromagnetic interface in integrated quantum systems.

scholarly journals Hypersonic Impact Properties of Pristine and Hybrid Single and Multi-layer C3N and BC3 Nanosheets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadegh Sadeghzadeh ◽  
Kasra Einalipour Eshkalak ◽  
Fatemeh Molaei ◽  
Hossein Siavoshi
Keyword(s):  
2D Materials ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Hypervelocity Impacts ◽  
Absorption Energy ◽  
Ballistic Protection ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Ballistic Properties ◽  
Boron Nanostructures

Abstract Two-dimensional (2D) materials are competitive candidates replacing or supplementing conventional semiconductors due to their atomically uniform thickness. To observe and exploit the unique properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials, it is therefore vital to obtain clean and repeatable interfaces. Also, carbon, nitrogen, and boron nanostructures are promising ballistic protection materials due to their low density and excellent mechanical properties. In this study, we evaluated the ballistic properties of C3N and BC3 nanosheets against the hypersonic bullets with Mach number greater than 6. Besides, we created a hybrid sheet using van der Waals bonds between them based on the hypervelocity impacts of fullerene (C60) molecules utilizing molecular dynamics simulation. In the following, the ballistic properties of different structures were examined, and it was shown that C3N nanosheets have higher absorption energy than BC3 after C60 penetration. In contrast, in lower impact speeds and before penetration, single-layers exhibited almost similar behavior. Our findings also reveal that in hybrid structures, the C3N layers will improve the ballistic properties of BC3. The energy absorption values with a variable number of layers and interlayer distance are investigated, for homogeneous or hybrid configurations (stacking of C3N and BC3). In this work, we have discussed two interlayer distances of X = 3.4Å and 4X = 13.6Å for different configurations. These results provide a fundamental understanding of ultra-light multilayered armors' design using nanocomposites based on advanced 2D materials. It can also be used to select and make 2D membranes and allotropes for DNA sequencing and filtration.

The Role of Two-Dimensional Materials in Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

2021 ◽  
pp. 1254-1270
Author(s):  
Rafael Vargas-Bernal
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding ◽  
Two Dimensional Materials ◽  
Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact

Commonly, metallic materials are used in practical ways to increase the shielding effectiveness (SE) through an appropriately designed assembly process. Unfortunately, the high density of devices that require it and the poor environmental stability of metals have impeded their massive use. In addition, for applications in the automotive, aerospace, and electronics industries, materials with light weight and good chemical stability are also required. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the impact that two-dimensional materials (or 2D materials) are having on the development of materials used for electromagnetic interference shielding, particularly the impulse of materials such as graphene, MXenes, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and phosphorene. The advances in the last decade are analyzed and alternatives are proposed that will come in the next decades. The shielding mechanisms presented by the two-dimensional materials are analyzed in detail and the specific applications in which these materials can be used are presented.

Transition Metal Dichalcogenide-Decorated MXenes: Promising Hybrid Electrodes for Energy Storage and Conversion Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemanth N R ◽  
Taekyung Kim ◽  
Byeongyoon Kim ◽  
Arvind H. Jadhav ◽  
Kwangyeol Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenide ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Unique Structure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family

Various two-dimensional (2D) materials have demonstrated unique structure-dependent characteristics that are conducive to energy-harvesting applications. Among them, the family of layered MXenes has found a wide range of applications in...

scholarly journals Development of Multi-Functional Graphene Polymer Composites Having Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and De-Icing Properties

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hwan Ha ◽  
Soon-Kook Hong ◽  
Jae-Kwan Ryu ◽  
Joonwon Bae ◽  
Sung-Hoon Park
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Electrical Heating ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
High Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Emi Shielding ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding ◽  
Graphene Composite ◽  
Heating Performance ◽  
Shielding Properties

We developed a multi-functional graphene composite with electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and de-icing properties. Two-dimensional graphene fillers were homogeneously dispersed in a polymer by three-roll milling. The electrical properties and percolation threshold of the graphene composites were measured with various graphene contents. The variation in the EMI shielding properties of the graphene composites with respect to the filler content was measured. The shielding efficiency improved with increasing graphene filler content. Furthermore, we conducted electrical heating tests on the graphene composites. The composites could be heated rapidly to 200 °C by electrical Joule heating with low electric power because of the high electrical conductivity of the composite. Moreover, the composite film was suitable for application in a de-icing unit because of its rapid and homogenous heating performance.

scholarly journals Magnetic phase transition from paramagnetic in Nb2AlC-MAX to superconductivity-like diamagnetic in Nb2C-MXene: an experimental and computational analysis

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (43) ◽  
pp. 25669-25678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaheer Ud Din Babar ◽  
Jameela Fatheema ◽  
Nimrah Arif ◽  
M. S. Anwar ◽  
Sundus Gul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Magnetic Phase Transition ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Phase ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Metal Carbides ◽  
Transition Metal Carbides ◽  
The Family

Transition metal carbides (TMCs) have recently emerged as competent members among the family of two-dimensional (2D) materials, owing to their promising applications.

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