scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Cystic Fibrosis Patients in Northern Europe

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 6735-6741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad-Hariri Mustafa ◽  
Hussein Chalhoub ◽  
Olivier Denis ◽  
Ariane Deplano ◽  
Anne Vergison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Control Criteria ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACTPseudomonas aeruginosais a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis patients. This study compared the antimicrobial susceptibilities of 153P. aeruginosaisolates from the United Kingdom (UK) (n =58), Belgium (n =44), and Germany (n =51) collected from 118 patients during routine visits over the period from 2006 to 2012. MICs were measured by broth microdilution. Genes encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), metallo-β-lactamases, and carbapenemases were detected by PCR. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing were performed on isolates resistant to ≥3 antibiotic classes among the penicillins/cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and polymyxins. Based on EUCAST/CLSI breakpoints, susceptibility rates were ≤30%/≤40% (penicillins, ceftazidime, amikacin, and ciprofloxacin), 44 to 48%/48 to 63% (carbapenems), 72%/72% (tobramycin), and 92%/78% (colistin) independent of patient age. Sixty percent of strains were multidrug resistant (MDR; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control criteria). Genes encoding the most prevalent ESBL (BEL, PER, GES, VEB, CTX-M, TEM, SHV, and OXA), metallo-β-lactamases (VIM, IMP, and NDM), or carbapenemases (OXA-48 and KPC) were not detected. The Liverpool epidemic strain (LES) was prevalent in UK isolates only (75% of MDR isolates). Four MDR sequence type 958 (ST958) isolates were found to be spread over the three countries. The other MDR clones were evidenced in ≤3 isolates and localized in a single country. A new sequence type (ST2254) was discovered in one MDR isolate in Germany. Clonal and nonclonal isolates with different susceptibility profiles were found in 20 patients. Thus, resistance and MDR are highly prevalent in routine isolates from 3 countries, with meropenem, tobramycin, and colistin remaining the most active drugs.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Tested against Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from U.S. Medical Centers, 2013 to 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helio S. Sader ◽  
Mariana Castanheira ◽  
Dee Shortridge ◽  
Rodrigo E. Mendes ◽  
Robert K. Flamm
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Genes Encoding

ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of ceftazidime-avibactam and many comparator agents was determined against various resistant subsets of organisms selected among 36,380 Enterobacteriaceae and 7,868 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. The isolates were consecutively collected from 94 U.S. hospitals, and all isolates were tested for susceptibility by reference broth microdilution methods in a central monitoring laboratory (JMI Laboratories). Enterobacteriaceae isolates resistant to carbapenems (CRE) and/or ceftazidime-avibactam (MIC ≥ 16 μg/ml) were evaluated for the presence of genes encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamases and carbapenemases. Ceftazidime-avibactam inhibited >99.9% of all Enterobacteriaceae at the susceptible breakpoint of ≤8 μg/ml and was active against multidrug-resistant (MDR; n = 2,953; MIC50/90, 0.25/1 μg/ml; 99.2% susceptible), extensively drug-resistant (XDR; n = 448; MIC50/90, 0.5/2 μg/ml; 97.8% susceptible), and CRE (n = 513; MIC50/90, 0.5/2 μg/ml; 97.5% susceptible) isolates. Only 82.2% of MDR Enterobacteriaceae (n = 2,953) and 64.2% of ceftriaxone-nonsusceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 1,063) isolates were meropenem susceptible. Among Enterobacter cloacae (22.2% ceftazidime nonsusceptible), 99.8% of the isolates, including 99.3% of the ceftazidime-nonsusceptible isolates, were ceftazidime-avibactam susceptible. Only 23 of 36,380 Enterobacteriaceae (0.06%) isolates were ceftazidime-avibactam nonsusceptible, including 9 metallo-β-lactamase producers and 2 KPC-producing strains with porin alteration; the remaining 12 strains showed negative results for all β-lactamases tested. Ceftazidime-avibactam showed potent activity against P. aeruginosa (MIC50/90, 2/4 μg/ml; 97.1% susceptible), including MDR (MIC50/90, 4/16 μg/ml; 86.5% susceptible) isolates, and inhibited 71.8% of isolates nonsusceptible to meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, and ceftazidime (n = 628). In summary, ceftazidime-avibactam demonstrated potent activity against a large collection (n = 44,248) of contemporary Gram-negative bacilli isolated from U.S. patients, including organisms resistant to most currently available agents, such as CRE and meropenem-nonsusceptible P. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain BWH047, a Sequence Type 235 Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolate Expressing High Levels of Colistin Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (29) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly E. R. Bachta ◽  
Egon A. Ozer ◽  
Alisha Pandit ◽  
Francisco M. Marty ◽  
John J. Mekalanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Epidemic

The Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is often multidrug resistant, associated with global epidemic outbreaks, and responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of BWH047, a multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolate belonging to the epidemic sequence type 235 and demonstrating high levels of colistin resistance.

scholarly journals Tn6350, a Novel Transposon Carrying Pyocin S8 Genes Encoding a Bacteriocin with Activity against Carbapenemase-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Turano ◽  
Fernando Gomes ◽  
Gesiele A. Barros-Carvalho ◽  
Ralf Lopes ◽  
Louise Cerdeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Type A ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Hypothetical Proteins ◽  
Immunity Protein ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Commensal Strain ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT A novel transposon belonging to the Tn3-like family was identified on the chromosome of a commensal strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa sequence type 2343 (ET02). Tn6350 is 7,367 bp long and harbors eight open reading frames (ORFs), an ATPase (IS481 family), a transposase (DDE catalytic type), a Tn3 resolvase, three hypothetical proteins, and genes encoding the new pyocin S8 with its immunity protein. We show that pyocin S8 displays activity against carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa, including IMP-1, SPM-1, VIM-1, GES-5, and KPC-2 producers.

scholarly journals The Concerted Action of Two B3-Like Prophage Genes Excludes Superinfecting Bacteriophages by Blocking DNA Entry into Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio Carballo-Ontiveros ◽  
Adrián Cazares ◽  
Pablo Vinuesa ◽  
Luis Kameyama ◽  
Gabriel Guarneros
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Genes Encoding

ABSTRACT In this study, we describe seven vegetative phage genomes homologous to the historic phage B3 that infect Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Like other phage groups, the B3-like group contains conserved (core) and variable (accessory) open reading frames (ORFs) grouped at fixed regions in their genomes; however, in either case, many ORFs remain without assigned functions. We constructed lysogens of the seven B3-like phages in strain Ps33 of P. aeruginosa, a novel clinical isolate, and assayed the exclusion phenotype against a variety of temperate and virulent superinfecting phages. In addition to the classic exclusion conferred by the phage immunity repressor, the phenotype observed in B3-like lysogens suggested the presence of other exclusion genes. We set out to identify the genes responsible for this exclusion phenotype. Phage Ps56 was chosen as the study subject since it excluded numerous temperate and virulent phages. Restriction of the Ps56 genome, cloning of several fragments, and resection of the fragments that retained the exclusion phenotype allowed us to identify two core ORFs, so far without any assigned function, as responsible for a type of exclusion. Neither gene expressed separately from plasmids showed activity, but the concurrent expression of both ORFs is needed for exclusion. Our data suggest that phage adsorption occurs but that phage genome translocation to the host’s cytoplasm is defective. To our knowledge, this is the first report on this type of exclusion mediated by a prophage in P. aeruginosa. IMPORTANCE Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium frequently isolated from infected immunocompromised patients, and the strains are resistant to a broad spectrum of antibiotics. Recently, the use of phages has been proposed as an alternative therapy against multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, this approach may present various hurdles. This work addresses the problem that pathogenic bacteria may be lysogenized by phages carrying genes encoding resistance against secondary infections, such as those used in phage therapy. Discovering phage genes that exclude superinfecting phages not only assigns novel functions to orphan genes in databases but also provides insight into selection of the proper phages for use in phage therapy.

scholarly journals Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates in Nepal Coproducing Metallo-β-Lactamases and 16S rRNA Methyltransferases

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Tada ◽  
Kayo Shimada ◽  
Kazuhito Satou ◽  
Takashi Hirano ◽  
Bharat M. Pokhrel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Report ◽  
Genes Encoding

ABSTRACT A total of 11 multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates were obtained in Nepal. Four of these isolates harbored genes encoding one or more carbapenemases (DIM-1, NDM-1, and/or VIM-2), and five harbored genes encoding a 16S rRNA methyltransferase (RmtB4 or RmtF2). A novel RmtF variant, RmtF2, had a substitution (K65E) compared with the same gene in RmtF. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing carbapenemase- and 16S rRNA methyltransferase-coproducing P. aeruginosa clinical isolates in Nepal.

scholarly journals Multiple Mutations Lead to MexXY-OprM-Dependent Aminoglycoside Resistance in Clinical Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Guénard ◽  
Cédric Muller ◽  
Laura Monlezun ◽  
Philippe Benas ◽  
Isabelle Broutin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Leader Peptide ◽  
Dimerization Domain ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Genes Encoding

ABSTRACTConstitutive overproduction of the pump MexXY-OprM is recognized as a major cause of resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and zwitterionic cephalosporins inPseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, 57 clonally unrelated strains recovered from non-cystic fibrosis patients were analyzed to characterize the mutations resulting in upregulation of themexXYoperon. Forty-four (77.2%) of the strains, classified asagrZmutants were found to harbor mutations inactivating the local repressor gene (mexZ) of themexXYoperon (n= 33; 57.9%) or introducing amino acid substitutions in its product, MexZ (n= 11; 19.3%). These sequence variations, which mapped in the dimerization domain, the DNA binding domain, or the rest of the MexZ structure, mostly affected amino acid positions conserved in TetR-like regulators. The 13 remaining MexXY-OprM strains (22.8%) contained intactmexZgenes encoding wild-type MexZ proteins. Eight (14.0%) of these isolates, classified asagrW1mutants, overexpressed the gene PA5471, which codes for the MexZ antirepressor AmrZ, with 5 strains exhibiting growth defects at 37°C and 44°C, consistent with mutations impairing ribosome activity. Interestingly, oneagrW1mutant appeared to harbor a 7-bp deletion in the coding sequence of the leader peptide, PA5471.1, involved in ribosome-dependent, translational attenuation of PA5471 expression. Finally, DNA sequencing and complementation experiments revealed that 5 (8.8%) strains, classified asagrW2mutants, harbored single amino acid variations in the sensor histidine kinase of ParRS, a two-component system known to positively controlmexXYexpression. Collectively, these results demonstrate that clinical strains ofP. aeruginosaexploit different regulatory circuitries to mutationally overproduce the MexXY-OprM pump and become multidrug resistant, which accounts for the high prevalence of MexXY-OprM mutants in the clinical setting.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity Genomic Island-Associated CrpP-Like Fluoroquinolone-Modifying Enzymes among Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Manuel Ortiz de la Rosa ◽  
Patrice Nordmann ◽  
Laurent Poirel
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Genomic Island ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Genomic Islands ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genes Encoding

ABSTRACT Many transferable quinolone resistance mechanisms have been identified in Gram-negative bacteria. The plasmid-encoded 65-amino-acid-long ciprofloxacin-modifying enzyme CrpP was recently identified in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. We analyzed a collection of 100 clonally unrelated and multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolates, among which 46 were positive for crpP-like genes, encoding five CrpP variants conferring variable levels of reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. These crpP-like genes were chromosomally located as part of pathogenicity genomic islands.

scholarly journals Multidrug-Resistant Sequence Type 235 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates Producing IMP-26 with Increased Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Activities in Vietnam

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 6853-6858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Tada ◽  
Pham Hong Nhung ◽  
Tohru Miyoshi-Akiyama ◽  
Kayo Shimada ◽  
Mitsuhiro Tsuchiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Medical Setting ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Whole Genomes ◽  
Encoding Genes

ABSTRACTForty clinical isolates of multidrug-resistantPseudomonas aeruginosawere obtained in a medical setting in Hanoi, Vietnam. Whole genomes of all 40 isolates were sequenced by MiSeq (Illumina), and phylogenic trees were constructed from the single nucleotide polymorphism concatemers. Of these 40 isolates, 24 (60.0%) harbored metallo-β-lactamase-encoding genes, includingblaIMP-15,blaIMP-26,blaIMP-51, and/orblaNDM-1. Of these 24 isolates, 12 harboredblaIMP-26and belonged to sequence type 235 (ST235).Escherichia coliexpressingblaIMP-26was significantly more resistant to doripenem and meropenem thanE. coliexpressingblaIMP-1andblaIMP-15. IMP-26 showed higher catalytic activity against doripenem and meropenem than IMP-1 and against all carbapenems tested, including doripenem, imipenem, meropenem, and panipenem, than did IMP-15. These data suggest that clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant ST235P. aeruginosaproducing IMP-26 with increased carbapenem-hydrolyzing activities are spreading in medical settings in Vietnam.

scholarly journals Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Goldcoast Strains in Taiwan and International Spread of the ST358 Clone

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Shu Liao ◽  
Bo-Han Chen ◽  
Yu-Ping Hong ◽  
Ru-Hsiou Teng ◽  
You-Wun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Routine Surveillance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
High Degree

ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Goldcoast infection was rare in Taiwan; it was not detected in routine surveillance from 2004 to 2013. This serovar was first identified in 2014, but the frequency of infection remained low until 2017. From 2014 to 2016, all but one isolate was pan-susceptible. S. Goldcoast infections abruptly increased in 2018, and all isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). All MDR isolates harbored an IncHI2 plasmid, and the majority carried 14 antimicrobial resistance genes, aac(3)-IId, aadA22, aph(3′)-Ia, aph(6)-Id, blaTEM-1B, blaCTX-M-55, lnu(F), floR, qnrS13, arr-2, sul2, sul3, tet(A), and dfrA14. S. Goldcoast strains recovered in Taiwan and 96 of 99 strains from Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States belonged to sequence type 358 (ST358). Whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism and core genome multilocus sequence type analyses revealed that all strains of the ST358 clone shared a high degree of genetic relatedness. The present study highlighted that a dramatic increase in S. Goldcoast infections followed the emergence of MDR strains and indicated that a genetically closely related S. Goldcoast ST358 clone may have widespread significance internationally.

scholarly journals New Sequence Type ST3449 in Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from a Cystic Fibrosis Patient

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Catalina Díaz-Ríos ◽  
Marta Hernández ◽  
David Abad ◽  
Laura Álvarez-Montes ◽  
Athanasia Varsaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Virulence Potential ◽  
End Stage

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most critical bacterial pathogens associated with chronic infections in cystic fibrosis patients. Here we show the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of five consecutive multidrug-resistant isolates of P. aeruginosa collected during a month from a CF patient with end-stage lung disease and fatal outcome. The isolates exhibited distinct colony morphologies and pigmentation and differences in their capacity to produce biofilm and virulence potential evaluated in larvae of Galleria mellonella. Whole genome-sequencing showed that isolates belonged to a novel sequence type ST3449 and serotype O6. Analysis of their resistome demonstrated the presence of genes blaOXA-396, blaPAO, aph(3’)-IIb, catB, crpP and fosA and new mutations in chromosomal genes conferring resistance to different antipseudomonal antibiotics. Genes exoS, exoT, exoY, toxA, lasI, rhlI and tse1 were among the 220 virulence genes detected. The different phenotypic and genotypic features found reveal the adaptation of clone ST3449 to the CF lung environment by a number of mutations affecting genes related with biofilm formation, quorum sensing and antimicrobial resistance. Most of these mutations are commonly found in CF isolates, which may give us important clues for future development of new drug targets to combat P. aeruginosa chronic infections.

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