scholarly journals Emergence of Various NDM-Type-Metallo-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basudha Shrestha ◽  
Tatsuya Tada ◽  
Kayo Shimada ◽  
Shovita Shrestha ◽  
Hiroshi Ohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Methylase Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Methylase

ABSTRACT Of 250 clinical isolates of Escherichia coli obtained in Nepal, 38 were carbapenem resistant, with MICs of imipenem or meropenem of ≥4 μg/ml. All 38 isolates harbored the following bla NDMs: bla NDM-1, bla NDM-3, bla NDM-4, bla NDM-5, bla NDM-7, bla NDM-12, and bla NDM-13. Most of these isolates also harbored the 16S rRNA methylase gene(s) armA, rmtB, and/or rmtC.

scholarly journals Outbreak Caused by NDM-1- and RmtB-Producing Escherichia coli in Bulgaria

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 2472-2474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Poirel ◽  
Encho Savov ◽  
Arzu Nazli ◽  
Angelina Trifonova ◽  
Iva Todorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level ◽  
16S Rrna Methylase ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACTTwelve consecutive carbapenem-resistantEscherichia coliisolates were recovered from patients (infection or colonization) hospitalized between March and September 2012 in different units at a hospital in Bulgaria. They all produced the carbapenemase NDM-1 and the extended-spectrum-β-lactamase CTX-M-15, together with the 16S rRNA methylase RmtB, conferring high-level resistance to all aminoglycosides. All those isolates were clonally related and belonged to the same sequence type, ST101. In addition to being the first to identify NDM-producing isolates in Bulgaria, this is the very first study reporting an outbreak of NDM-1-producingE. coliin the world.

scholarly journals 16S rRNA Gene Mutations Associated with Decreased Susceptibility to Tetracycline in Mycoplasma bovis

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 796-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Amram ◽  
I. Mikula ◽  
C. Schnee ◽  
R. D. Ayling ◽  
R. A. J. Nicholas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Binding Pocket ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Mycoplasma Bovis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Encoding Genes

ABSTRACTMycoplasma bovisisolates with decreased susceptibilities to tetracyclines are increasingly reported worldwide. The acquired molecular mechanisms associated with this phenomenon were investigated in 70 clinical isolates ofM. bovis. Sequence analysis of the two 16S rRNA-encoding genes (rrs3andrrs4alleles) containing the primary binding pocket for tetracycline (Tet-1 site) was performed on isolates with tetracycline hydrochloride MICs of 0.125 to 16 μg/ml. Mutations at positions A965T, A967T/C (Escherichia colinumbering) of helix 31, U1199C of helix 34, and G1058A/C were identified. Decreased susceptibilities to tetracycline (MICs, ≥2 μg/ml) were associated with mutations present at two (A965 and A967) or three positions (A965, A967, and G1058) of the tworrsalleles. Notet(M),tet(O), ortet(L) determinants were found in the genome of any of the 70M. bovisisolates. The data presented correlate (P< 0.0001) the mutations identified in the Tet-1 site of clinical isolates ofM. boviswith decreased susceptibility to tetracycline.

scholarly journals Highly multidrug-resistant Morganella morganii clinical isolates from Nepal co-producing NDM-type metallo-β-lactamases and the 16S rRNA methylase ArmA

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 572-575
Author(s):  
Shovita Shrestha ◽  
Tatsuya Tada ◽  
Jatan B. Sherchan ◽  
Hiroki Uchida ◽  
Tomomi Hishinuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Morganella Morganii ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
16S Rrna Methylase ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Morganella morganii can harbour extended-spectrum β-lactamases and carbapenemases, resulting in increased resistance to multiple antibiotics and a high mortality rate. This study describes the emergence of highly multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of M. morganii from Nepal co-producing NDM-type metallo-β-lactamases, including NDM-1 and NDM-5, and the 16S rRNA methylase ArmA. This is the first report of M. morganii clinical isolates from Nepal co-producing NDM-1/-5 and ArmA. It is important to establish infection control systems and effective treatments against multidrug-resistant M. morganii .

scholarly journals High Prevalence of 16S rRNA methylase genes High Prevalence of 16S rRNA methylase genes Among Carbapenem-resistant Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjian Liao ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Dan Dan Wei ◽  
Fang-lin Du ◽  
Dan Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Pfge Typing ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Carbapenemase Gene ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
High Level ◽  
16S Rrna Methylase

Abstract Background : the existence of 16S rRNA methylase genes would increase treatment difficulty of patients infected with CR-hvKP strains, this study was aimed to testify the prevalence of the 16S rRNA methylase genes genes in the CR-hvKP strains in China.Methods : Thirty-nine carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKP) isolates collected from a Chinese hospital during the whole year of 2018 were evaluated to characterize the prevalence of 16S rRNA methylase genes. Results : In tatal 66.7% (26/39) of the CR-hvKP isolates were found to carry 16S rRNA methylase genes, and the most frequently detected gene was armA (11,42.3%), followed by rmtB (8,30.8%),and 7 CR-hvKP strains were found to carry both armA and rmtB (26.9%). All the clinical isolates were found to carry at least one carbapenemase gene,with KPC-2 (79.5%,31/39), NDM-1 (10.3%,4/39), and cocarrying KPC-2 and NDM-1 (10.3%,4/39). A total of 89.7% (35/39) isolates carried ESBL genes, including 61.5% (24/39) blaSHV-1 ,71.8% (28/39) blaTEM-1 and 89.7% (35/39) blaCTX-M-1 4. All except four isolates (89.7%,35/39) harbored PMQR genes,with qnrS (82.1%,32/39), aac(6’)-Ib-cr (79.5%,31/39), qnrB (2.6%,1/39).All the 16S rRNA methylase genes-positive CR-hvKP strains were firstly found to cocarry carbapenemase genes, ESBL genes and PMQR genes simultaneously. The most prevalent virulence genes were rmpA2 and entB (100%, 39/39),followed by silS (97.4%, 38/39), ybtS (94.9%, 37/39), iutA (92.3%, 36/39), kpn (92.3%, 36/39), rmpA (87.2%, 34/39), terW (84.6%, 33/39), aerobactin (23.1%, 9/39), repA (17.9%, 7/39), magA (10.3%, 4/39), kfuB C (10.3%, 4/39), w ca G (10.3%, 4/39), allS (10.3%, 4/39). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis assigned the 39 CR-hvKP isolates into 4 sequence types (STs), with ST11 encompassing 79.5% of the strains. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing showed that strains closely related by MLST clustered in major PFGE clusters, of which cluster A accounts for 31 ST11 isolates.The analysis of the transconjugants showed a high-level aminoglycoside resistance and a popular cotransfer of bla KPC-2 with the 16S rRNA methylase genes.Conclusions : 16S rRNA methylase genes are highly prevalent in CR-hvKP clinical isolates especially for ST11, it is therefore critical to continuously monitor the 16S rRNA methylase-producing CR-hvKP epidemiology and minimize potential risks from aminoglycoside -resistant CR-hvKP.

scholarly journals Detection of themcr-1Colistin Resistance Gene in Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae from Different Hospitals in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 5033-5035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Yu ◽  
Fen Qu ◽  
Bin Shan ◽  
Bin Huang ◽  
Wei Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Chromosomal Integration ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

ABSTRACTThe spread of the plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene,mcr-1, into carbapenem-resistantEnterobacteriaceae(CRE) clinical isolates poses a significant threat to global health. Here we report the identification of threemcr-1-harboring carbapenem-resistantEscherichia colistrains, collected from three patients in two provinces in China. Our results show thatmcr-1-harboring CRE strains have started to spread in different hospitals in China. In addition, this report presents the first description of chromosomal integration ofmcr-1into a carbapenem-resistantE. colistrain.

scholarly journals Emergence of Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas asiatica Producing NDM-1 and VIM-2 Metallo-β-Lactamases in Myanmar

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Tohya ◽  
Tatsuya Tada ◽  
Shin Watanabe ◽  
Kyoko Kuwahara-Arai ◽  
Khwar Nyo Zin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Medical Settings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
16S Rrna Methylase

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas asiatica is a recently proposed species of the genus Pseudomonas. This study describes eight isolates of carbapenem-resistant P. asiatica harboring blaNDM-1 and blaVIM-2, genes encoding metallo-β-lactamase (MBL). These isolates were obtained from urine samples of patients hospitalized in Myanmar. These isolates were resistant to carbapenems but susceptible to colistin. All eight isolates were positive for a carbapenemase inactivation method, CIMTrisII, and seven were positive on an immunochromatographic assay for NDM-type MBL. One isolate was highly resistant to aminoglycosides. Whole-genome sequencing showed that seven isolates harbored blaNDM-1 and one harbored blaVIM-2, with these genes located on the chromosome. One isolate harbored blaNDM-1 and rmtC, a gene encoding 16S rRNA methylase. Five types of genomic environments surrounding blaNDM-1 and blaVIM-2 were detected in these eight isolates, with four isolates having the same type. These data indicate that P. asiatica isolates harboring genes encoding carbapenemases, including blaNDM-1 and blaVIM-2, are spreading in medical settings in Myanmar.

scholarly journals High Prevalence ofblaNDM-1Carbapenemase-Encoding Gene and 16S rRNAarmAMethyltransferase Gene among Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates in Egypt

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 3602-3605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abd El-Gawad El-Sayed-Ahmed ◽  
Magdy Ali Amin ◽  
Wael Mustafa Tawakol ◽  
Lotfi Loucif ◽  
Sofiane Bakour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Distinct Sequence ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
16S Rrna Methylase

ABSTRACTThe main objective of this study was to decipher the molecular mechanism of resistance to carbapenems and aminoglycosides in a large series of 150Acinetobacter baumanniiclinical isolates collected from July 2012 to September 2013 in Egypt. We report for the first time the emergence ofblaNDM-1and the cooccurrence of 16S rRNA methylasearmAwithblaNDM-1andblaOXA-23in Egyptian hospitals. Multilocus sequence typing identified 27 distinct sequence types, 11 of which were novel.

Prevalence of 16S rRNA Methylase Gene rmtB Among Escherichia coli Isolated from Bovine Mastitis in Ningxia, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 770-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Yu ◽  
Tao He ◽  
Hong Yao ◽  
Jin-Bao Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Na Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Methylase Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Methylase

scholarly journals Single Clinical Isolates from Acute Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections Are Representative of Dominant In Situ Populations

mBio ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Willner ◽  
Serene Low ◽  
Jason A. Steen ◽  
Narelle George ◽  
Graeme R. Nimmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Strain Diversity ◽  
Amplicon Pyrosequencing ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACTUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most commonly acquired bacterial infections in humans, and uropathogenicEscherichia colistrains are responsible for over 80% of all cases. The standard method for identification of uropathogens in clinical laboratories is cultivation, primarily using solid growth media under aerobic conditions, coupled with morphological and biochemical tests of typically a single isolate colony. However, these methods detect only culturable microorganisms, and characterization is phenotypic in nature. Here, we explored the genotypic identity of communities in acute uncomplicated UTIs from 50 individuals by using culture-independent amplicon pyrosequencing and whole-genome and metagenomic shotgun sequencing. Genus-level characterization of the UTI communities was achieved using the 16S rRNA gene (V8 region). Overall UTI community richness was very low in comparison to other human microbiomes. We strain-typedEscherichia-dominated UTIs using amplicon pyrosequencing of the fimbrial adhesin gene,fimH. There were nine highly abundantfimHtypes, and each UTI sample was dominated by a single type. Molecular analysis of the corresponding clinical isolates revealed that in the majority of cases the isolate was representative of the dominant taxon in the community at both the genus and the strain level. Shotgun sequencing was performed on a subset of eightE. coliurine UTI and isolate pairs. The majority of UTI microbial metagenomic sequences mapped to isolate genomes, confirming the results obtained using phylogenetic markers. We conclude that for the majority of acute uncomplicatedE. coli-mediated UTIs, single cultured isolates are diagnostic of the infection.IMPORTANCEIn clinical practice, the diagnosis and treatment of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) are based on analysis of a single bacterial isolate cultured from urine, and it is assumed that this isolate represents the dominant UTI pathogen. However, these methods detect only culturable bacteria, and the existence of multiple pathogens as well as strain diversity within a single infection is not examined. Here, we explored bacteria present in acute uncomplicated UTIs using culture-independent sequence-based methods.Escherichia coliwas the most common organism identified, and analysis ofE. colidominant UTI samples and their paired clinical isolates revealed that in the majority of infections the cultured isolate was representative of the dominant taxon at both the genus and the strain level. Our data demonstrate that in most cases single cultured isolates are diagnostic of UTI and are consistent with the notion of bottlenecks that limit strain diversity during UTI pathogenesis.

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