scholarly journals Extracts of Edible and Medicinal Plants Damage Membranes of Vibrio cholerae

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (20) ◽  
pp. 6888-6894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo S�nchez ◽  
Santos Garc�a ◽  
Norma Heredia
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Membrane Hyperpolarization ◽  
Acacia Farnesiana ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Alternative Approach

ABSTRACT The use of natural compounds from plants can provide an alternative approach against food-borne pathogens. The mechanisms of action of most plant extracts with antimicrobial activity have been poorly studied. In this work, changes in membrane integrity, membrane potential, internal pH (pHin), and ATP synthesis were measured in V ibrio cholerae cells after exposure to extracts of edible and medicinal plants. A preliminary screen of methanolic, ethanolic, and aqueous extracts of medicinal and edible plants was performed. Minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were measured for extracts showing high antimicrobial activity. Our results indicate that methanolic extracts of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), nopal cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica var. Villanueva L.), sweet acacia (Acacia farnesiana L.), and white sagebrush (Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.) are the most active against V. cholera, with MBCs ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 mg/ml. Using four fluorogenic techniques, we studied the membrane integrity of V. cholerae cells after exposure to these four extracts. Extracts from these plants were able to disrupt the cell membranes of V. cholerae cells, causing increased membrane permeability, a clear decrease in cytoplasmic pH, cell membrane hyperpolarization, and a decrease in cellular ATP concentration in all strains tested. These four plant extracts could be studied as future alternatives to control V. cholerae contamination in foods and the diseases associated with this microorganism.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of essential oil from Indonesian medicinal plants against food-borne pathogens

2018 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 012036 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Budiati ◽  
W Suryaningsih ◽  
S. Umaroh ◽  
B. Poerwanto ◽  
A Bakri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Food Borne Pathogens ◽  
Food Borne

scholarly journals In Vitro Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity and Datura Innoxia Extracts

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-185
Author(s):  
Adam IY Shama ◽  
YM Abd-Kreem ◽  
AA Fadowa ◽  
RM Samar ◽  
MK Sabahelkhier
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial Drug ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Datura Innoxia ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Leaves And Roots

The aim of this study was evaluated the Antimicrobial Activity of extraction of Datura innoxia (Seeds, leaves and roots). Datura innoxia Seeds, leaves and roots were collected to examine their antimicrobial activity. Extracts of different parts of the plant were tested against standard microorganisms by using the agar- well diffusion method. Extracts of methanol, and aqueous of seeds, leaves and roots were prepared and tested against four types of bacteria namely: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris and two types of fungi namely: Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The methanolic and aqueous extracts of leaves showed high activities against fungi (A. niger) and less effect on the all bacteria. The methanolic extracts of seeds showed high activities against all organisms except fungi (C. albicanas), while the aqueous extracts of seeds showed no activity on the bacteria. All organisms were examined against known standard antibiotics and then compare the results of plant extracts with standard antibiotics. The results indicated that the antibacterial drug is less active than the plant extracts, while the antifungal drugs are more active than the plant extracts. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i3.11077 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(3) 2014: 173-185

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts of Euphorbia paralias L. and Melilotus sulcatus Desf. against some pathogenic microorganisms

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Miloud M. Miloud ◽  
Najma A. Senussi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Bioactive Agents ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽  
Diffusion Assay

The present study was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial potential of leaf extracts of Euphorbia paralias and Melilotus sulcatus against four bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. and two fungal species Asperigillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. The agar well diffusion assay was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity. The effect of these extracts was most effective against the bacterial species compared to the fungal species at a used concentration (100 mg/ml). Methanolic extracts of selected plants displayed good antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms species, while, no activity for aqueous extracts against tested fungal species. Methanolic extracts were the most effective plant extracts against all tested bacterial species, with MIC and MBC reached 6.2 and 12.5 mg/ml, except Klebsiella sp. which was less sensitive to M. sulcatus methanolic extract and its MIC and MBC reached 12.5 and 25 mg/ml, respectively. These plant extracts which proved to be potentially effective can be used as bioactive agents to control microorganisms caused for diseases and they can be used naturally in the human and veterinary healthcare systems.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antileishmanial Activity of Albaha Medicinal Plants againstLeishmania amazonensis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed S. Al-Sokari ◽  
Nasser A. Awadh Ali ◽  
Lianet Monzote ◽  
Mohamed A. Al-Fatimi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Antileishmanial Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Achillea Biebersteinii ◽  
Antileishmanial Activities

Sixteen methanolic extracts obtained from thirteen plant species, selected either from ethnobotanical or chemotaxonomical data, were screened for their antileishmanial activity againstLeishmania amazonensis. The cytotoxic activity against normal peritoneal macrophages from normal BALB/c mice was also determined. Eight extracts had IC50values ranging from <12.5 to 37.8 µg/mL against promastigotes.Achillea biebersteiniiflower,Euphorbia helioscopia,andSolanum incanumleaf extracts showed antileishmanial activities with IC50between <12.5–26.9 µg/mL and acceptable selectivity indices of 8–5. The other leishmanicidal plant extracts, with IC50ranging from 18.0 to 29.5 µg/mL, exhibited low selectivity indices.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis and bioactivity screening of three medicinal plants of Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-376
Author(s):  
Lamya H. Al-Wahaibi ◽  
Adeem Mahmood ◽  
Merajuddin Khan ◽  
Hamad Z. Alkhathlan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpene ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method

Purpose: To investigate the phytochemical analysis and bioactivity screening of some Asteraceae medicinal plants. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated by column chromatography and elucidated using chemical and extensive spectroscopic methodologies including gas chromatoraphy-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), as well as 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The plant extracts were obtained by solvent extraction method while hydrodistillation was used to isolate plant essential oils. Furthermore, cup-plate agar diffusion was applied for antimicrobial activity evaluation while minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed by microdilution technique. Results: Centaurea pseudosinaica, Tripleurospermum auriculatum, and Koelpinia linearis afforded previously undescribed three coumarins (xanthotoxin, cirsimaritin, salvigenins) from C. pseudosinaica, one steroid (estradiol) and a pentacyclic triterpene (β-amyrin) from T. auriculatum and a coumarin (santin) from K. linearis in good yields. In addition, the plant extracts and oils exhibited remarkable bioactivities including antifungal, antibacterial and antipyretic etc. Conclusion: The results reveal the presence of bioactive phytomolecules from Asteraceae plant extracts and volatile oils from three Asteraceae plants. Keywords: C. pseudosinaica, T. auriculatum, K. linearis, Xanthotoxin, Salvigenin, Cirsimaritin, Santin, Estradiol, β-amyrin, Antimicrobial activity

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Various Plant Extracts on Pseudomonas Species Associated with Spoilage of Chilled Fish

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 1017
Author(s):  
Osan Bahurmiz ◽  
Rosma Ahmad ◽  
Noryati Ismail ◽  
Frederick Adzitey ◽  
Shaida-Fariza Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria

The antimicrobial activity of various plant extracts on Pseudomonas bacteria isolated from spoiled chilled tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) was evaluated in this study. In the first stage of this study, red tilapia was subjected to chilled storage (4°C) for 3 weeks, and spoilage bacteria were isolated and identified from the spoiled fish. Pseudomonas was the dominant bacteria isolated from the spoiled fish and further identification revealed that P. putida, P. fluorescens and Pseudomonas spp. were the main species of this group. In the second stage, methanolic extracts of 15 selected plant species were screened for their antimicrobial activity, by agar disc diffusion method, against the Pseudomonas isolates. Results indicated that most of the extracts had different degrees of activity against the bacterial isolates. The strongest activity was exhibited by bottlebrush flower (Callistemon viminalis) extract. This was followed by extracts from guava bark (Psidium guajava) and henna leaf (Lawsonia inermis). Moderate antimicrobial activities were observed in extracts of clove (Syzygium aromaticum), leaf and peel of tamarind (Tamarindus indica), cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), wild betel leaf (Piper sarmentosum) and fresh thyme (Thymus spp.). Weak or no antimicrobial activity was observed from the remaining extracts. The potential antimicrobial activity shown by some plant extracts in this study could significantly contribute to the fish preservation.

scholarly journals Phytochemistry and In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Five Plant Species against Nine Common Human Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Olufunmilayo Adejumo ◽  
Ike Williams ◽  
Kehinde Ojewale ◽  
Christopher Igbokwe ◽  
Ibironke Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Sida Acuta ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Test Organisms

Momordica charantia, Senna podocarpa, Senna alata, Ocimum gratissimum, and Sida acuta which have reportedly been used in folklore for the treatment of various diseases were studied for their antimicrobial activity. Crude methanolic extracts of the leaves were screened for phytochemicals after which they were tested in vitro for activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella oxytoca, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Aspergillus niger, A, flavus and Candida albicans. Phytochemicals present in the extracts included saponins, alkaloids, anthraquinones, tannins, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides. These extracts also showed varying degrees of activity against tested organisms at a concentration range of 15.6 to 500 mg/ml. However, S. acuta showed activity against P. vulgaris, E. aerogenes and As. flavus only. The MIC of the extracts against test organisms ranged from 31.25 to 250 mg/ml. The significant antimicrobial susceptibility of the plant extracts against gram positive bacterial pathogens and some pathogenic yeasts, may not be due to the presence and synergistic interactions of secondary metabolites found in these plant extracts. This would have implications in health, particularly in developing countries where a singnificant percentage of the population are still using traditional plant extracts for health care. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 20(2): 139-148, 2021 (December)

scholarly journals Nematicidal properties of crude extracts obtained from medicinal plants against root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus coffeae

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-269
Author(s):  
Dang Minh Chanh Nguyen ◽  
Woo Jin Jung
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Cinnamomum Camphora ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Pratylenchus Coffeae ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Lesion Nematode

To investigate nematicidal activity against the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus coffeae, the methanolic extracts were obtained from 5 medicinal plants in Vietnam. Methanol extracts of the 5 samples were screened for nematicidal activity against Pratylenchus coffeae in vitro. Of the plant extracts tested, a 5 mg/ml concentration of Terminalia nigrovenulosa extract showed the highest level (95.0%) of nematicidal activity against Pratylenchus coffeae at 9 h after treatment. The remainder of the plant extracts was followed by Cinnamomum camphora (66.7%), Jasminum suptriplinerve (30.8%), Premna integrifolia (6.7%), and Treptocaulon juventas (5.8%). A 2.0 mg/mlconcentration of T. nigrovenulosa resulted in 13.3, 42.5, 62.5 and 86.7% at 1, 3, 5 and 7 h after treatment, respectively against Pratylenchus coffeae. Concentration of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml of T. nigrovenulosa resulted in 26.7, 71.7, 78.3 and 86.7% effectiveness respectively, at 7 h after treatment. Also, at 3 days after exposure to T. nigrovenulosa, hatch was inhibited by 60.0, 45.8, 17.5 and 5.8% at 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml, respectively. Hatch was inhibited by 65.0, 50.8, 21.7 and 6.7% at 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml respectively, at 6 days after exposure to T. nigrovenulosa. The mortality rate and hatch inhibition increased with increasing incubation time for crude extract of T. nigrovenulosa. Trong nghiên cứu này, 5 cây thuốc (Cinnamomum camphora, Jasminum suptriplinerve, Premna integrifolia, Terminalia nigrovenulosa, Treptocaulon juventas) đã được sử dụng làm nguyên liệu chiết xuất bằng methanol để thử hoạt tính kháng tuyến trùng Pratylenchus coffeae. Kết quả cho thấy chiết xuất từ cây Terminalia nigrovenulosa biểu hiện hoạt tính kháng tuyến trùng cao nhất (95,0%) sau 9 giờ xử lý với nồng độ 5 mg/ml. Hoạt tính kháng tuyến trùng của các chất chiết xuất được biểu hiện theo thứ tự giảm dần lần lượt là C. camphora (66,7%), J. suptriplinerve (30,8%), P. integrifolia (6,7%) và T. juventas (5,8%). Với nồng độ 2 mg/ml của chất chiết xuất từ T. nigrovenulossa biểu hiện hoạt tính gây chết tuyến trùng Pratylenchuss coffeae là 13,3; 42,5; 62,5 và 86,7% sau 1, 3, 5 và 7 giờ xử lý theo thứ tự. Ở cùng thời điểm sau xử lý 7 giờ, các nồng độ 0,1; 0,5; 1,0 và 2,0 mg/ml chiết xuất của T. nigrovenulossa có hoạt tính gây chết tuyến trùng Pratylenchus coffeae lần lượt là 26,7; 71,7; 78,3 và 86,7%. Bên cạnh đó, chất chiết xuất của T. nigrovenulossa cũng cho thấy tỷ lệ ức chế trứng nở cao. Cụ thể là sau 3 ngày xử lý với chất chiết xuất của T. nigrovenulossa, tỷ lệ ức chế trứng không nở là 60,0; 45,8; 17,5 và 5,8% at 0,1; 0,5; 1,0 và 2,0 mg/ml theo thứ tự. Sau 6 ngày xử lý với chất chiết xuất của T. nigrovenulossa, tỷ lệ ức chế trứng nở là 65,0; 50,8; 21,7 và 6,7% tại nồng độ 0,1; 0,5; 1,0 và 2,0 mg/ml theo thứ tự. Tỷ lệ gây chết và tỷ lệ ức chế của chất chiết xuất phụ thuộc vào cả thời gian và nồng độ xử lý.

scholarly journals Toyoncin—a novel leaderless bacteriocin produced by Bacillus toyonensis XIN-YC13 that specifically targets B. cereus and Listeria monocytogenes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanjuan Wang ◽  
Haitao Xu ◽  
Shu Liu ◽  
Baolong Song ◽  
Hualin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Food Borne Pathogens ◽  
Food Borne

Bacteriocins have attracted increasing interest because of their potential as natural preservatives. Recent studies showed that the Bacillus cereus group is a prominent producer of bacteriocins. Using a laboratory-based screening strategy, we identified a strain in the B. cereus group, B. toyonensis XIN-YC13, with antimicrobial activity against B. cereus. A novel, 70-amino acid-long leaderless bacteriocin, toyoncin, was purified from the culture supernatant of strain XIN-YC13 and its molecular mass was found to be 7817.1012 Da. Toyoncin shares no similarity with any other known bacteriocins, and its N-terminal amino acid is formylmethionine rather than methionine. Toyoncin shows good pH and heat stability and exhibits specific antimicrobial activity against two important food-borne pathogens, B. cereus and Listeria monocytogenes. Additionally, toyoncin exerts bactericidal activity and induces cell membrane damage. Toyoncin can also inhibit the outgrowth of B. cereus spores. The preservation assays showed that toyoncin effectively suppressed or eradicated B. cereus and L. monocytogenes in pasteurized skim milk. These results suggest that toyoncin can be used as a new bio-preservative against B. cereus and L. monocytogenes in the food industry. Importance: We identified a novel leaderless bacteriocin, toyoncin, produced by B. toyonensis XIN-YC13. Toyoncin shows good pH and heat stability; has specific antimicrobial activity against, B. cereus and L. monocytogenes (two important food-borne pathogens), and destroys their cell membrane integrity. Toyoncin inhibited the outgrowth of B. cereus spores and effectively inhibited or eliminated B. cereus and L. monocytogenes in a milk model system. These results indicate the potential of toyoncin as a food preservative.

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