scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of three medicinal plants used in South-West Nigerian folk medicine on some food borne bacterial pathogens

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
KO Akinyemi ◽  
OK Oluwa ◽  
EO Omomigbehin
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
South West ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Food Borne

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of essential oil from Indonesian medicinal plants against food-borne pathogens

2018 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 012036 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Budiati ◽  
W Suryaningsih ◽  
S. Umaroh ◽  
B. Poerwanto ◽  
A Bakri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Food Borne Pathogens ◽  
Food Borne

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of three important medicinal plants of South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3484
Author(s):  
Gopalakrishnaiah B. ◽  
Aniel Kumar O.
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
The World

India is found to be a country with rich biodiversity and enormous treasure of herbal plants and consequently called as medicinal garden of the world. Plants are the richest source of natural antimicrobial agents. In recent years drug resistance to human pathogenic bacteria has been commonly reported from all over the world. Therefore, there is a need to develop alternative antimicrobial drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases; one approach is to screen local medicinal plants for possible antimicrobial properties. The present study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of hexane, chloroform and methanol crude extracts of the leaves of three important medicinal plants viz., Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC, Bougainvillea spectabilis L. and Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) Fleming, collected from in and around Visakhapatnam District. The antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts was tested against three Gram Positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441, Enterococcus faecalis MTCC 439, Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 737), Three Gram Negative bacteria (Escherichia coli MTCC 443, Proteus vulgaris MTCC 426 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 1688) and three Fungal strains (Candida albicans MTCC 227, Epidermophyton floccosum MTCC 613 and Trichophyton mentagrophytes MTCC 7687) using agar well diffusion assay. Our results demonstrated that methanol extracts of these plants leaves have concentration dependent antibacterial activity against some of the tested organisms. Further studies should be undertaken to elucidate the exact mechanism of action of antimicrobial effect to identify the active ingredients which can be used for drug development program.

scholarly journals Extracts of Edible and Medicinal Plants Damage Membranes of Vibrio cholerae

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (20) ◽  
pp. 6888-6894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo S�nchez ◽  
Santos Garc�a ◽  
Norma Heredia
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Membrane Hyperpolarization ◽  
Acacia Farnesiana ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Alternative Approach

ABSTRACT The use of natural compounds from plants can provide an alternative approach against food-borne pathogens. The mechanisms of action of most plant extracts with antimicrobial activity have been poorly studied. In this work, changes in membrane integrity, membrane potential, internal pH (pHin), and ATP synthesis were measured in V ibrio cholerae cells after exposure to extracts of edible and medicinal plants. A preliminary screen of methanolic, ethanolic, and aqueous extracts of medicinal and edible plants was performed. Minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were measured for extracts showing high antimicrobial activity. Our results indicate that methanolic extracts of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), nopal cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica var. Villanueva L.), sweet acacia (Acacia farnesiana L.), and white sagebrush (Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.) are the most active against V. cholera, with MBCs ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 mg/ml. Using four fluorogenic techniques, we studied the membrane integrity of V. cholerae cells after exposure to these four extracts. Extracts from these plants were able to disrupt the cell membranes of V. cholerae cells, causing increased membrane permeability, a clear decrease in cytoplasmic pH, cell membrane hyperpolarization, and a decrease in cellular ATP concentration in all strains tested. These four plant extracts could be studied as future alternatives to control V. cholerae contamination in foods and the diseases associated with this microorganism.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants from a Sub-Saharan African Country Against Bacterial Pathogens from Post-Operative Wound Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Enid Owusu ◽  
Martin Mensah Ahorlu ◽  
Emmanuel Afutu ◽  
Amos Akumwena ◽  
George Awuku Asare
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis

Background: Globally, the application of medicinal plants in the management of acute and chronic wounds can be considered a common occurrence in most traditional medicine practices. In view of this, many plants in the tropical and subtropical regions have been screened for their wound-healing activities. Consequently, plants having antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant (MD-R) pathogens can be considered great assets. Therefore, this study evaluated ethanolic and aqueous extracts of five medicinal plants (Psidium guajava, Myrianthus arboreus, Alchornea cordifolia, Momordica charantia, and Justicia flava) for their antimicrobial activities against MD-R bacterial pathogens isolated from post-operative wounds; Methods: This involved the aqueous and ethanolic extraction of the selected medicinal plants. Preliminary phytochemical constituents of the plants were examined. The agar well diffusion method was then used to determine the antibacterial activity of the leaves against reference strains (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhi ATCC 19430, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and a Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain) as well as the MDR clinical isolates (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and CoNS) from the wounds; Results: The preliminary phytochemical analysis of the leaves showed the presence of saponins, phenolics, and reducing sugars in almost all the plants tested. All plant extracts were observed to have some antimicrobial activity against at least one reference strain. For the clinical MDR isolates, A. cordifolia from this study showed highest inhibition to growth of all bacteria used. Activity of J. flava against S. aureus was highest as compared to that of E.coli and P. aeruginosa. Similar observation was made for M. arboreus, P. guajava and M. charantia where the highest activity was observed against S. aureus; Conclusion: This study has mainly shown that P. guajava, M. arboreus, A. cordifolia, M. charantia, and J. flava exhibits antimicrobial activities against MD-R bacterial pathogens isolated from post-operative wounds. Also, these plants has bioactive phytochemical compounds with potential medicinal values for the treatment of numerous infections. Therefore, these plants may be helpful in the management of acute and chronic wounds, especially in traditional medicine practices.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity, toxicity and phytochemical screening of selected medicinal plants of Losho, Narok County, Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
DUNCAN MUTISO CHALO ◽  
CATHERINE LUKHOBA ◽  
DOSSAJI SAIFUDDIN FIDAHUSSEIN ◽  
JOSEPH MWANZIA NGUTA
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Organic Extracts

Chalo DM, Lukhoba C, Fidahussein DS, Nguta JM. 2017. Antimicrobial activity, toxicity and phytochemical screening of selected medicinal plants of Losho, Narok County, Kenya. Biofarmasi (Rumphius J Nat Prod Biochem) 15: 29-43. In Kenya, microbial infections are a major cause of morbidity. The effectiveness of antibiotic is threatened by the increase of resistance of pathogenic microbes against most available drugs because new pathogens continue to emerge. Nowadays, herbal remedies offer hope since they are readily available and cheap. The aim of this research was to investigate the activity of antimicrobial, the lethality of brine shrimp and phytochemical composition of crude extracts of four selected plants namely Schrebera alata (Oleaceae), Ormocarpum kirkii (Papilionoideae), Helichrysum forskahlii (Asteraceae) and Cussonia holstii (Araliaceae) that are medicinally used by herbalists from Losho, Narok County Kenya for treatment of ear, nose and throat infections, gastrointestinal disorders and skin diseases. Qualitative antimicrobial susceptibility test against five microorganisms, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans was investigated using agar diffusion methods to produce inhibition zones and the data accrued were analyzed using Analysis of variance. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined by broth microdilution method. Toxicity of the extracts was analyzed using brine shrimp lethality assay. The median fatal concentration of fifty was determined by data analysis using Finney‟s computer program. Phytochemical screening for flavonoids, sterols, alkaloids, tannins, quinones and terpenoids and saponins was determined using standard procedures. The observation showed that the organic crude extracts of H. forskahlii had the highest inhibition zone against methicillin-resistant S. aureus of 19.5 and 18.5 mm in agar well and agar disk diffusion respectively. In addition, organic extracts of H. forskahlii showed the highest antifungal inhibition zone of 8.5 mm in agar well diffusion. Minimum values of inhibitory concentrations varied from 15.625 to 250 mg/mL. Organic crude extracts of H. forskahlii and C. holstii were found to be highly toxic with lethal concentration of 0.009 mg/mL. All plant crude extracts contained flavonoids, sterols, alkaloids, tannins, quinones, and terpenoids. Saponins were present in all the plant extracts except in organic extracts of H. forskahlii. This study promoted the first record of antimicrobial activity, toxicity and phytochemical composition of S. alata and C. holstii. The study has shown that H. forskahlii and O. kirkii possess promising antimicrobial activity against microbes of health importance and could lead to the isolation of new, safe and efficacious antimicrobial compounds. Further research should be carried on O. kirkii and S. alata to isolate and characterize the compounds responsible for the observed activity.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of polyphenolic compounds from Spirulina against food-borne bacterial pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 459-464
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Alshuniaber ◽  
Rajapandiyan Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Wahida H. AlQhtani
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Food Borne

scholarly journals Phytochemicals Analysis and Antimicrobial activity of leaf and stem of Ipomoea staphylina Roem. & Schult

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4705-4714
Author(s):  
Niranjan M H ◽  
Prabhurajeshwar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Future Drug ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Biochemical Estimation ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Ipomoea staphylina Roem. & Schult.A plant belonging to Convolvulaceae is commonly found on hedges and bushes in the forests and wastelands. It is a perennial, woody and glabrous shrub with pink flowers. Traditionally Ipomoea staphylina is used for respiratory disorders. Traditionally genus Ipomoea is used as purgative, dyspepsia, anthelmintic, bronchitis. Medicinal plants are the primary sources of medicines in Ayurvedha, Siddha, and Folk medicine systems. In India, about 95% of all modern drugs are derived from medicinal plants and very likely most of these medicines are used by people to cure many ailments. The Ayurvedic literature Sarangdhar Samhita" highlighted the concept of polyherbalism to achieve greater therapeutic efficacy. The active phytochemical constituents of individual plants are insufficient to meet the desirable therapeutic effects.When combining the multiple herbs in a particular ratio, it will give a better therapeutic effect and reduce the toxicity. Most of them are active even at a low dose and safe at a high dose. Thus they have superior risk to benefit ratio. Based on this the present study deals with physicochemical, phytochemical studies such as and biochemical estimation of medicinal plant of a combined mixture of polyherbal Ipomoea staphylina., also study evaluates the ethanol and methanol extracts of leaf and stem for their preliminary phytochemical analysis, antibacterial and antifungal activity. In the study of the phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of carbohydrate, protein, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids. The Ipomoea staphylina of ethanolic leaf and stem extract showed potent antimicrobial activity in all the tested concentrations against E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger.Ipomoea staphylina could be exploited as a valuable source of antibacterial agent enriching with known antimicrobial compounds. Further studies needed for future drug development to treat various infectious diseases by microbes.

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