scholarly journals Phytochemistry and In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Five Plant Species against Nine Common Human Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Olufunmilayo Adejumo ◽  
Ike Williams ◽  
Kehinde Ojewale ◽  
Christopher Igbokwe ◽  
Ibironke Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Sida Acuta ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Test Organisms

Momordica charantia, Senna podocarpa, Senna alata, Ocimum gratissimum, and Sida acuta which have reportedly been used in folklore for the treatment of various diseases were studied for their antimicrobial activity. Crude methanolic extracts of the leaves were screened for phytochemicals after which they were tested in vitro for activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella oxytoca, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Aspergillus niger, A, flavus and Candida albicans. Phytochemicals present in the extracts included saponins, alkaloids, anthraquinones, tannins, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides. These extracts also showed varying degrees of activity against tested organisms at a concentration range of 15.6 to 500 mg/ml. However, S. acuta showed activity against P. vulgaris, E. aerogenes and As. flavus only. The MIC of the extracts against test organisms ranged from 31.25 to 250 mg/ml. The significant antimicrobial susceptibility of the plant extracts against gram positive bacterial pathogens and some pathogenic yeasts, may not be due to the presence and synergistic interactions of secondary metabolites found in these plant extracts. This would have implications in health, particularly in developing countries where a singnificant percentage of the population are still using traditional plant extracts for health care. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 20(2): 139-148, 2021 (December)

scholarly journals In Vitro Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity and Datura Innoxia Extracts

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-185
Author(s):  
Adam IY Shama ◽  
YM Abd-Kreem ◽  
AA Fadowa ◽  
RM Samar ◽  
MK Sabahelkhier
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial Drug ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Datura Innoxia ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Leaves And Roots

The aim of this study was evaluated the Antimicrobial Activity of extraction of Datura innoxia (Seeds, leaves and roots). Datura innoxia Seeds, leaves and roots were collected to examine their antimicrobial activity. Extracts of different parts of the plant were tested against standard microorganisms by using the agar- well diffusion method. Extracts of methanol, and aqueous of seeds, leaves and roots were prepared and tested against four types of bacteria namely: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris and two types of fungi namely: Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The methanolic and aqueous extracts of leaves showed high activities against fungi (A. niger) and less effect on the all bacteria. The methanolic extracts of seeds showed high activities against all organisms except fungi (C. albicanas), while the aqueous extracts of seeds showed no activity on the bacteria. All organisms were examined against known standard antibiotics and then compare the results of plant extracts with standard antibiotics. The results indicated that the antibacterial drug is less active than the plant extracts, while the antifungal drugs are more active than the plant extracts. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i3.11077 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(3) 2014: 173-185

scholarly journals The in-vitro antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants against β-lactam-resistant bacteria

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (09) ◽  
pp. 671-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Gangoue-Pieboji ◽  
Noelly Eze ◽  
Arnaud Ngongang Djintchui ◽  
Bathélémy Ngameni ◽  
Nolé Tsabang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Garcinia Kola

Background: In effort to identify novel bacterial agents, this study was initiated to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of 17 crude extracts from 12 medicinal plants against beta-lactam-resistant bacteria. Methodology: The antimicrobial activities of plant extracts were evaluated against clinically proved beta-lactam-resistant bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marcescens, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus sp.) and reference strains of bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 29751, E. aerogenes ATCC 13048, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Enterococcus hirae ATCC 9790) by using disc-diffusion and agar-dilution assays. Results: The crude plant extracts demonstrated broad spectrum activity against all bacteria tested with inhibition zones in the range of 8-30 mm. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of different plant extracts against the tested bacteria were found to range from ≤ 0.3 to ≥ 10 mg ml-1. The most active plant extracts were from Dortenia picta and Bridelia micrantha (MIC: 1.25-10 mg ml-1) on beta-lactam-resistant Gram-negative bacilli and the extracts from B. micrantha, Mallotus oppositifolius, Garcinia lucida, Garcinia. kola, Campylospermum densiflorum (leaves) and C. zenkeri (root) on beta-lactam-resistant Gram-positive cocci (MIC: ≤ 0.3-5 mg ml-1). Conclusion: Of the 17 plant extracts studied, seven showed good antimicrobial activity against the tested bacteria. The stem bark of B. micrantha and the leaves of D. picta were most active towards beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative bacilli. This study shows that medicinal plants could be sources of compounds which can be used to fight against beta-lactam resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of Basil (Ocimum baslicum L.) and Coriander (Coriandrum satirum L.) oil extracts on Streptococus mutans

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Lourenço ◽  
Adilson Cesar Abreu Bernardi ◽  
Nadia Lunardi ◽  
Rodolfo Jorge Boeck Neto ◽  
Patricia Sigilló Mazzoni Bernardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Microdilution Method

Plant extracts and essential oils show efficiency on growth control in a wide variation of microorganisms, including filamentous fungi, yeasts and bacteria. To evaluate antimicrobial activity of plant extracts, determine the lower quantity of substance to inhibit the microorganism test growth is necessary. This value is known as Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). This study had as aim to verify the antimicrobial action and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) oil extract before S. mutans (ATCC 25175) strains. Antimicrobial activity determination was carried out by microdilution method and performed according to recommendations of CLSI (previously known as NCCLS), standard M7-A6 (NCCLS, 2003) for bacteria, and standard M27-A2 (NCCLS, 2002). All the experiments were carried out in triplicate. Results showed the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determination by microdilution method in broth showed Ocimum basilicum L. and Coriandrum sativum L. extract oils presented inhibitory activity before S. mutans strain. Basil in 1:4 concentration is bacteriostatic and in 1:3 concentration is bactericide. Coriander in 1:2 concentration is bacteriostatic and in 1:1 concentration is bactericide. We concluded that basil presented higher inhibitory activity regarding to the coriander. We also observed as bigger the extract dilution, lower their effectivity.o assess the attitude and practice of dental professionals towards using of advance Radiographic technique.

scholarly journals In vitro study on screening antimicrobial and anti-oxidant potential of Ramalina fastigiata

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sureshrajan Soundararajan ◽  
Poornima Shanmugam ◽  
Nagarjun Nagarajan ◽  
Divya Palanisamy ◽  
Ponmurugan Ponnusamy
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Anti Oxidant

The aim of the present study is to investigate the antimicrobial and anti-oxidant potential of lichen Ramalina fastigiata collected from Kolli hills, Eastern Gahts of Tamil Nadu, India. Phytochemical study revealed that acetone extract of Ramalina fastigiata confirmed the presence of flavonoids, glycosides and phenols. Acetone extract of Ramalina fastigiata was tested against human pathogens, which exposed antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida krusei with the inhibition rate of 2.1 mm and 1.3 mm respectively. The acetone extract of lichen Ramalina fastigiata exhibited significant antioxidant activity as well. Radical scavenging ability of Ramalina fastigiata was reported in terms of 61.53 % inhibition. Keywords: Lichen, Ramalina fastigiata, acetone extract, antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory potential

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts of Euphorbia paralias L. and Melilotus sulcatus Desf. against some pathogenic microorganisms

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Miloud M. Miloud ◽  
Najma A. Senussi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Bioactive Agents ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽  
Diffusion Assay

The present study was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial potential of leaf extracts of Euphorbia paralias and Melilotus sulcatus against four bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. and two fungal species Asperigillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. The agar well diffusion assay was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity. The effect of these extracts was most effective against the bacterial species compared to the fungal species at a used concentration (100 mg/ml). Methanolic extracts of selected plants displayed good antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms species, while, no activity for aqueous extracts against tested fungal species. Methanolic extracts were the most effective plant extracts against all tested bacterial species, with MIC and MBC reached 6.2 and 12.5 mg/ml, except Klebsiella sp. which was less sensitive to M. sulcatus methanolic extract and its MIC and MBC reached 12.5 and 25 mg/ml, respectively. These plant extracts which proved to be potentially effective can be used as bioactive agents to control microorganisms caused for diseases and they can be used naturally in the human and veterinary healthcare systems.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity of Plant Extracts from Colombian Coffee-Growing Eco-Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Aura M. Blandón ◽  
Oscar M. Mosquera ◽  
Antônio E. G. Sant’ana ◽  
Aldenir F. Dos Santos ◽  
Luana L. S. Pires
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

The present study describes the in vitro antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of 34 plant species collected in the Colombian coffee-growing eco-region belonging to Euphorbiaceae, Piperaceae and Solanaceae families. The antioxidant properties of extracts were evaluated by determining radical scavenging power measured with a DPPH assay. The methanolic extracts of  Hyeronimia antioquiensis, Mabea montana, and Alchornea grandis species (Euphorbiaceae), presents EC50 values equal to 0.686, 12.35, and 13.01 µg/mL, respectively, showing high antioxidant potential.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of plant extracts on Candida albicans: An in vitro study

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
SunithaJagalur Doddanna ◽  
Shilpa Patel ◽  
MadhusudanAstekar Sundarrao ◽  
RavindraSetru Veerabhadrappa
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study

scholarly journals Efficacy evaluation of methanolic extracts of Calpurnia aurea and Schinus molle plants against the cattle lice Linognathus vitulli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdi Abubeker ◽  
Alula Assen ◽  
Ararsa Dhuguma
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
Schinus Molle ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Linognathus Vituli

Abstract Background Ectoparasites of livestock in general and lice in particular pose serious economic losses to the farmer, the tanning industry, and the country as a whole. Although the treatment of ectoparasites have been attempted by various chemical agents, the efficacy of the agents hampered by the development of drug resistance. Thus, Ethnoveterinary botanicals are an alternative control strategy for being sustainable and ecologically sound. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the louscidal activity of crude methanolic extracts of Calpurnea aurea and Schinus molle plants against the cattle lice, Linognathus vituli using the in vitro Adult Immersion Test (AIT). Six graded concentrations of the crude extracts, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/ml, were tested at different time intervals, and temporal changes in tick viability were recorded for 24 hours. Results After 24hrs post-exposure, two higher concentrations (200 and 100 mg/ml) of C. aurea extract caused 100±0.0% and 96.6±3.3% lice mortality, whereas S. molle extract caused 90±5.7% and 83.3±3.3% mortality, respectively. Louscidal activity varies with the type of plant extract, concentration and exposure time. After 24 hours of exposure to the extracts, the highest mortality was recorded for extracts from C. aurea with LC50 values of 8.83 mg/ml compared to S.molle with LC50 values of 16.68 mg/ml. Conclusions The louscidal activity of the plant extracts increases with increasing exposure time and concentration as well. Thus, the plant extracts could be used against Linognatus vituli as a potential alternative for the control of lice. Keywords: Calpurnea aurea, Ethnoveterinary, lice, Adult Immersion Test, Schinus molle

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