Persistence of Colonization of Human Colonic Mucosa by a Probiotic Strain, Lactobacillus rhamnosusGG, after Oral Consumption

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Alander ◽  
Reetta Satokari ◽  
Riitta Korpela ◽  
Maija Saxelin ◽  
Terttu Vilpponen-Salmela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Colonic Biopsy ◽  
Oral Consumption ◽  
Lactose Fermentation ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Fermentation Test

ABSTRACT Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG is one of the most thoroughly studied probiotic strains. Its advantages in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders are well documented. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate with colonic biopsies the attachment of strain GG to human intestinal mucosae and the persistence of the attachment after discontinuation of GG administration. A whey drink fermented with strain GG was fed to human volunteers for 12 days. Fecal samples were collected before, during, and after consumption. L. rhamnosus GG-like colonies were detected in both fecal and colonic biopsy samples. Strain GG was identified by its characteristic colony morphology, a lactose fermentation test, and PCR. This study showed that strain GG was able to attach in vivo to colonic mucosae and, although the attachment was temporary, to remain for more than a week after discontinuation of GG administration. The results demonstrate that the study of fecal samples alone is not sufficient in evaluating colonization by a probiotic strain.

scholarly journals Manufacturing process influences properties of probiotic bacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 887-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Grześkowiak ◽  
Erika Isolauri ◽  
Seppo Salminen ◽  
Miguel Gueimonde
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Influence Model ◽  
Intestinal Mucus ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Micro Organisms

Production and manufacturing methods and the food carrier may influence the properties of probiotic strains, and have an impact on the outcome of clinical intervention studies. The aim of the present study was to establish whether the properties of a specific probiotic strain,Lactobacillus rhamnosusGG, may differ depending on the product and source of the strain. In total, fifteen differentL. rhamnosusisolates, among them fourteen labelled asL.rhamnosusGG, were isolated from specific probiotic products. The micro-organisms were phenotypically and genotypically characterised. Their adhesion properties were compared using the human intestinal mucus model, and the ability of the isolates to influence model pathogen adhesion to human colonic mucus was assessed. AllL. rhamnosusisolates used were confirmed as members of the speciesL. rhamnosus. Except the reference strain OL, allL.rhamnosusisolates showed randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles identical to that ofL. rhamnosusGG (ATCC 53103). AllL.rhamnosusisolates showed similar tolerance to acid and were able to bind to human colonic mucus. However, pathogen exclusion by inhibition and competition varied significantly among the differentL. rhamnosusisolates and pathogens tested. The results suggest that different sources of the same probiotic may have significantly altered strain properties. This should be considered inin vivostudies on human subjects and also for quality control of probiotic products.

scholarly journals Intraspecific Genotypic Characterization of Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strains Intended for Probiotic Use and Isolates of Human Origin

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 5376-5383 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vancanneyt ◽  
G. Huys ◽  
K. Lefebvre ◽  
V. Vankerckhoven ◽  
H. Goossens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Clinical Case Studies ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Different Sources

ABSTRACT A set of 118 strains of the species Lactobacillus rhamnosus was collected, including probiotic strains, research strains with potential probiotic properties, food starter cultures, and human isolates. The majority of the strains were collected from companies, hospitals, or culture collections or were obtained after contacting authors who reported clinical case studies in the literature. The present work aimed to reveal the genotypic relationships between strains of these diverse sources. All strains were initially investigated using fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (FAFLP) with three different primer combinations. Numerical analysis of FAFLP data allowed (i) confirmation of the identification of all strains as members of L. rhamnosus and (ii) delineation of seven stable intraspecific FAFLP clusters. Most of these clusters contained both (potentially) probiotic strains and isolates of human origin. For each of the clusters, strains of different sources were selected for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of macrorestriction fragments obtained with the enzymes NotI and AscI. Analysis of PFGE data indicated that (i) some (potentially) probiotic strains were indistinguishable from other probiotic strains, suggesting that several companies may use duplicate cultures of the same probiotic strain, and (ii) in a number of cases human isolates from sterile body sites were indistinguishable from a particular probiotic strain, suggesting that some of these isolates may be reisolations of commercial strains.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a new probiotic concept for broilers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Jørgensen ◽  
L. L. Poulsen ◽  
M. Bisgaard ◽  
H. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
The Cost

SUMMARYProbiotics were introduced as a spray directly in the hatcher when chickens started to leave the eggs which potentially could reduce the horizontal transmission and colonization with pathogenic bacteria. The single introduction of probiotics could limit the cost compared to multiple introductions with feed and/or water. A mixture of five probiotic strains belonging to Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus agilis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus was tested with two independent flocks of broilers (Ross 308). For each experiment, a comparison was made to an untreated control flock on the same farm. At day 14 of production the probiotic strains were re-isolated from ileum of euthanized chickens. The first week mortality was slightly increased in the probiotic flock (0.42%) compared to the control (0.35%) in experiment 1, however, it was higher in the control flock (1.45%) compared to the probiotic flock (1.12%) in experiment 2. The average weight of chickens that could be slaughtered for consumption was increased by 3.5% in the probiotic flocks compared to the control flocks, resulting in a 1.9% higher total weight of slaughtered chickens in the probiotics treated flocks compared to the control as a mean of the two experiments. The number of condemned animals was within the normal range for the production system and could not directly be related to effects of probiotics. Although one probiotic strain of E. coli was isolated from dead animals, the probiotics did not affect the proportion of chickens which died due to E. coli during the first week compared to the control.Primary audienceplant managers, veterinarians, nutritionists

scholarly journals Is it possible to enhance immune response after vaccination? The role of a probiotic with a proven positive effect on all components of the immune system

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
E. V. Kanner ◽  
M. L. Maksimov ◽  
I. D. Kanner ◽  
N. M. Lapkin ◽  
A. V. Gorelov
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Route Of Administration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Vaccine Adjuvants ◽  
Probiotic Strains

Preventive vaccination is currently the most affordable and economical way to reduce morbidity and mortality from many infections, improve quality and human life expectancy with an almost ideal balance of benefits and risks among all medical procedures. The article deals with the reasons for variability of the immune response caused by vaccines, between individuals and between populations, which is of fundamental importance for human health. The authors have presented data indicating a key role of the gut microbiota in the control of the immune response to vaccination. Particular attention is paid to the microbial diversity in different loci of the body. The role of microorganisms in the proper functioning of the body and the formation of a number of pathological conditions is described. Most modern vaccines are live-attenuated, killed / inactivated or subunit (recombinant) vaccines, and they are designed for the parenteral route of administration. Most of these vaccines elicit a weak immune response, especially in the mucous membranes, due to the route of administration and are associated with weak cell-mediated immunity. Therefore, mechanisms that can enhance virus-specific vaccine immunity in infants and children are required, such as the use of more potent or selective immunity-enhancing adjuvants. Some probiotic strains may be considered as promising vaccine adjuvants. This article evaluates the recent clinical studies of probiotics used to enhance vaccine-specific immunity in adults and infants. The present-day knowledge on the role of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG with the aim of activating immunity after vaccination are presented.

scholarly journals Bacteriocin production as a mechanism for the antiinfective activity of Lactobacillus salivarius UCC118

2007 ◽  
Vol 104 (18) ◽  
pp. 7617-7621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinéad C. Corr ◽  
Yin Li ◽  
Christian U. Riedel ◽  
Paul W. O'Toole ◽  
Colin Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Bacteriocin Production ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
Lactobacillus Salivarius ◽  
Immunity Protein ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Stable Mutant

The mechanisms by which probiotic strains enhance the health of the host remain largely uncharacterized. Here we demonstrate that Lactobacillus salivarius UCC118, a recently sequenced and genetically tractable probiotic strain of human origin, produces a bacteriocin in vivo that can significantly protect mice against infection with the invasive foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. A stable mutant of Lb. salivarius UCC118 that is unable to produce the Abp118 bacteriocin also failed to protect mice against infection with two strains of L. monocytogenes, EGDe and LO28, confirming that bacteriocin production is the primary mediator of protection against this organism. Furthermore, Lb. salivarius UCC118 did not offer any protection when mice were infected with a strain of L. monocytogenes expressing the cognate Abp118 immunity protein AbpIM, confirming that the antimicrobial effect is a result of direct antagonism between Lb. salivarius and the pathogen, mediated by the bacteriocin Abp118.

scholarly journals Survival of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in the Human Gastrointestinal Tract with Daily Consumption of a Low-Fat Probiotic Spread

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (19) ◽  
pp. 6198-6204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne E. M. Dommels ◽  
Robèr A. Kemperman ◽  
Yvonne E. M. P. Zebregs ◽  
René B. Draaisma ◽  
Arne Jol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Target Dose ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Probiotic Strains

ABSTRACT Probiotics are live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Therefore, probiotic strains should be able to survive passage through the human gastrointestinal tract. Human gastrointestinal tract survival of probiotics in a low-fat spread matrix has, however, never been tested. The objective of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled human intervention study was to test the human gastrointestinal tract survival of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG after daily consumption of a low-fat probiotic spread by using traditional culturing, as well as molecular methods. Forty-two healthy human volunteers were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups provided with 20 g of placebo spread (n = 13), 20 g of spread with a target dose of 1 × 109 CFU of L. reuteri DSM 17938 (n = 13), or 20 g of spread with a target dose of 5 × 109 CFU of L. rhamnosus GG (n = 16) daily for 3 weeks. Fecal samples were obtained before and after the intervention period. A significant increase, compared to the baseline, in the recovery of viable probiotic lactobacilli in fecal samples was demonstrated after 3 weeks of daily consumption of the spread containing either L. reuteri DSM 17938 or L. rhamnosus GG by selective enumeration. In the placebo group, no increase was detected. The results of selective enumeration were supported by quantitative PCR, detecting a significant increase in DNA resulting from the probiotics after intervention. Overall, our results indicate for the first time that low-fat spread is a suitable carrier for these probiotic strains.

Novel encapsulation improves recovery of probiotic strains in fecal samples of human volunteers

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 1419-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Mai ◽  
Sheldon Waugh ◽  
Doratha Byrd ◽  
Damion Simpson ◽  
Maria Ukhanova
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Probiotic Strains

scholarly journals Lactobacillus rhamnosusLcr35®as an effective treatment for preventingCandida albicansinfection in preclinical models: first mechanistical insights

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Poupet ◽  
Taous Saraoui ◽  
Philippe Veisseire ◽  
Muriel Bonnet ◽  
Caroline Dausset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Preclinical Models ◽  
C Elegans

AbstractThe increased recurrence ofCandida albicansinfections is associated with greater resistance to antifungal drugs. This involves the establishment of alternative therapeutic protocols such as the probiotic microorganisms whose antifungal potential has already been demonstrated using preclinical models (cell cultures, laboratory animals). Understanding the mechanisms of action of probiotic microorganisms has become a strategic need for the development of new therapeutics for humans. In this study, we investigated the prophylactic anti-Candida albicansproperties ofLactobacillus rhamnosusLcr35®using thein vitroCaco-2 cells model and thein vivo Caenorhabditis elegansmodel. On Caco-2 cells, we showed that the strain Lcr35®significantly inhibited the growth of the pathogen (~2 log CFU.mL−1) and its adhesion (150 to 6,300 times less). Moreover, on the top of having a prolongevity activity in the nematode, Lcr35®protects the animal from the fungal infection even if the yeast is still detectable in its intestine. At the mechanistic level, we noticed the repression of genes of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway and genes involved in the antifungal response induced by Lcr35®suggesting that the pathogen no longer appears to be detected by the worm immune system. However, the DAF-16 / FOXO transcription factor, implicated in the longevity and antipathogenic response ofC. elegans, is activated by Lcr35®. These results suggest that the probiotic strain acts by stimulating its host via DAF-16, but also by suppressing the virulence of the pathogen.

scholarly journals In VivoSelection To Identify Bacterial Strains with Enhanced Ecological Performance in Synbiotic Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 2455-2465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina A. Krumbeck ◽  
María X. Maldonado-Gomez ◽  
Inés Martínez ◽  
Steven A. Frese ◽  
Thomas E. Burkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Distal Intestine ◽  
Probiotic Strains

ABSTRACTOne strategy for enhancing the establishment of probiotic bacteria in the human intestinal tract is via the parallel administration of a prebiotic, which is referred to as a synbiotic. Here we present a novel method that allows a rational selection of putative probiotic strains to be used in synbiotic applications:in vivoselection (IVS). This method consists of isolating candidate probiotic strains from fecal samples following enrichment with the respective prebiotic. To test the potential of IVS, we isolated bifidobacteria from human subjects who consumed increasing doses of galactooligosaccharides (GOS) for 9 weeks. A retrospective analysis of the fecal microbiota of one subject revealed an 8-fold enrichment inBifidobacterium adolescentisstrain IVS-1 during GOS administration. The functionality of GOS to support the establishment of IVS-1 in the gastrointestinal tract was then evaluated in rats administered the bacterial strain alone, the prebiotic alone, or the synbiotic combination. Strain-specific quantitative real-time PCR showed that the addition of GOS increasedB. adolescentisIVS-1 abundance in the distal intestine by nearly 2 logs compared to rats receiving only the probiotic. Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing not only confirmed the increased establishment of IVS-1 in the intestine but also revealed that the strain was able to outcompete the residentBifidobacteriumpopulation when provided with GOS. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that IVS can be used to successfully formulate a synergistic synbiotic that can substantially enhance the establishment and competitiveness of a putative probiotic strain in the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Function of a Probiotic Bacterium, Lactobacillus rhamnosus MR1 on Acute Iron Toxicity in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 11303-11315
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Probiotic Bacterium ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Prophylactic Regimen ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Iron Poisoning

Overuse of iron supplements can lead to an acute inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. This study investigates the ameliorative and prophylactic effects of a probiotic bacterium, L. rhamnosus MR1, on acute iron poisoning in rats. In this study, a probiotic strain was isolated from yogurt and characterized for its probiotic properties, including antibiotic-resistant, bile salt (BS) and acid resistance, iron tolerance, cell hydrophobicity of the bacterial cells. The anti-inflammatory effect of strain MR1 was studied on the iron exposed-Caco-2 cell line. In vivo experiments were conducted for the assessment of survival in rats overdosed with treatment. These findings indicate high bacterial tolerance in acidic conditions, high concentrations of bile salts, and iron. The anti-inflammatory effects of strain MR1 were confirmed by decreasing the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 in treated groups. Prophylactic and acute effects of strain MR1 in rats caused a significant reduction in intestinal iron poisoning by 50 % during 6 h. Prophylactic regimen by L. rhamnosus MR1 increased the viability of about 33% in acutely poisoned rats. Since no report is found in the current literature about the effect of probiotic supplements on iron's acute toxicity, these interesting results can provide a useful background for further studies on dietary supplements.

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