scholarly journals Bacteriocin production as a mechanism for the antiinfective activity of Lactobacillus salivarius UCC118

2007 ◽  
Vol 104 (18) ◽  
pp. 7617-7621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinéad C. Corr ◽  
Yin Li ◽  
Christian U. Riedel ◽  
Paul W. O'Toole ◽  
Colin Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Bacteriocin Production ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
Lactobacillus Salivarius ◽  
Immunity Protein ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Stable Mutant

The mechanisms by which probiotic strains enhance the health of the host remain largely uncharacterized. Here we demonstrate that Lactobacillus salivarius UCC118, a recently sequenced and genetically tractable probiotic strain of human origin, produces a bacteriocin in vivo that can significantly protect mice against infection with the invasive foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. A stable mutant of Lb. salivarius UCC118 that is unable to produce the Abp118 bacteriocin also failed to protect mice against infection with two strains of L. monocytogenes, EGDe and LO28, confirming that bacteriocin production is the primary mediator of protection against this organism. Furthermore, Lb. salivarius UCC118 did not offer any protection when mice were infected with a strain of L. monocytogenes expressing the cognate Abp118 immunity protein AbpIM, confirming that the antimicrobial effect is a result of direct antagonism between Lb. salivarius and the pathogen, mediated by the bacteriocin Abp118.

Experimental addition of Eleutherococcus senticosus and probiotic to the canine diet

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viola Strompfová ◽  
Iveta Plachá ◽  
Klaudia Čobanová ◽  
Soňa Gancarčíková ◽  
Dagmar Mudroňová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Trend ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Eleutherococcus Senticosus ◽  
Treatment Groups

AbstractThere is a current trend to support pet health through the addition of natural supplements to their diet, taking into account the high incidence of medical conditions related to their immune system and gastrointestinal tract. This study investigates effects of the plant Eleutherococcus senticosus as a dietary additive on faecal microbiota, faecal characteristics, blood serum biochemistry and selected parameters of cellular immunity in healthy dogs. A combination of the plant with the canine-derived probiotic strain Lactobacillus fermentum CCM 7421 was also evaluated. Thirty-two dogs were devided into 4 treatment groups; receiving no additive (control), dry root extract of E. senticosus (8 mg/kg of body weight), probiotic strain (108 CFU/mL, 0.1 mL/kg bw) and the combination of both additives. The trial lasted 49 days with 14 days supplementation period. Results confirm no antimicrobial effect of the plant on the probiotic abundance either in vitro (cultivation test) or in vivo. The numbers of clostridia, lactic acid bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria as well as the concentration of serum total protein, triglyceride, glucose and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly altered according to the treatment group. Leukocyte phagocytosis was significantly stimulated by the addition of probiotic while application of plant alone led to a significant decrease.

Human-origin Lactobacillus salivarius AR809 protects against immunosuppression in S. aureus-induced pharyngitis via Akt-mediated NF-κB and autophagy signaling pathways

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 270-284
Author(s):  
Guochao Jia ◽  
Xiaofeng Liu ◽  
Na Che ◽  
Yongjun Xia ◽  
Guangqiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
Lactobacillus Salivarius ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Pharyngeal Epithelium

Lactobacillus salivarius AR809 is a newly discovered probiotic strain from a healthy human pharynx and has potential ability to adhere to the pharyngeal epithelium and inhibit Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)-induced inflammatory response.

scholarly journals Intraspecific Genotypic Characterization of Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strains Intended for Probiotic Use and Isolates of Human Origin

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 5376-5383 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vancanneyt ◽  
G. Huys ◽  
K. Lefebvre ◽  
V. Vankerckhoven ◽  
H. Goossens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Clinical Case Studies ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Different Sources

ABSTRACT A set of 118 strains of the species Lactobacillus rhamnosus was collected, including probiotic strains, research strains with potential probiotic properties, food starter cultures, and human isolates. The majority of the strains were collected from companies, hospitals, or culture collections or were obtained after contacting authors who reported clinical case studies in the literature. The present work aimed to reveal the genotypic relationships between strains of these diverse sources. All strains were initially investigated using fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (FAFLP) with three different primer combinations. Numerical analysis of FAFLP data allowed (i) confirmation of the identification of all strains as members of L. rhamnosus and (ii) delineation of seven stable intraspecific FAFLP clusters. Most of these clusters contained both (potentially) probiotic strains and isolates of human origin. For each of the clusters, strains of different sources were selected for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of macrorestriction fragments obtained with the enzymes NotI and AscI. Analysis of PFGE data indicated that (i) some (potentially) probiotic strains were indistinguishable from other probiotic strains, suggesting that several companies may use duplicate cultures of the same probiotic strain, and (ii) in a number of cases human isolates from sterile body sites were indistinguishable from a particular probiotic strain, suggesting that some of these isolates may be reisolations of commercial strains.

scholarly journals Manufacturing process influences properties of probiotic bacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 887-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Grześkowiak ◽  
Erika Isolauri ◽  
Seppo Salminen ◽  
Miguel Gueimonde
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Influence Model ◽  
Intestinal Mucus ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Micro Organisms

Production and manufacturing methods and the food carrier may influence the properties of probiotic strains, and have an impact on the outcome of clinical intervention studies. The aim of the present study was to establish whether the properties of a specific probiotic strain,Lactobacillus rhamnosusGG, may differ depending on the product and source of the strain. In total, fifteen differentL. rhamnosusisolates, among them fourteen labelled asL.rhamnosusGG, were isolated from specific probiotic products. The micro-organisms were phenotypically and genotypically characterised. Their adhesion properties were compared using the human intestinal mucus model, and the ability of the isolates to influence model pathogen adhesion to human colonic mucus was assessed. AllL. rhamnosusisolates used were confirmed as members of the speciesL. rhamnosus. Except the reference strain OL, allL.rhamnosusisolates showed randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles identical to that ofL. rhamnosusGG (ATCC 53103). AllL.rhamnosusisolates showed similar tolerance to acid and were able to bind to human colonic mucus. However, pathogen exclusion by inhibition and competition varied significantly among the differentL. rhamnosusisolates and pathogens tested. The results suggest that different sources of the same probiotic may have significantly altered strain properties. This should be considered inin vivostudies on human subjects and also for quality control of probiotic products.

scholarly journals High-resolution structures ofLactobacillus salivariustransketolase in the presence and absence of thiamine pyrophosphate

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1327-1334
Author(s):  
Petra Lukacik ◽  
Carina M. C. Lobley ◽  
Mario Bumann ◽  
Victoria Arena de Souza ◽  
Raymond J. Owens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Thiamine Pyrophosphate ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Lactobacillus Salivarius ◽  
Key Enzymes ◽  
Host Interaction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
High Degree

Probiotic bacterial strains have been shown to enhance the health of the host through a range of mechanisms including colonization, resistance against pathogens, secretion of antimicrobial compounds and modulation of the activity of the innate immune system.Lactobacillus salivariusUCC118 is a well characterized probiotic strain which survives intestinal transit and has many desirable host-interaction properties. Probiotic bacteria display a wide range of catabolic activities, which determine their competitivenessin vivo. Some lactobacilli are heterofermentative and can metabolize pentoses, using a pathway in which transketolase and transaldolase are key enzymes.L. salivariusUCC118 is capable of pentose utilization because it encodes the key enzymes on a megaplasmid. The crystal structures of the megaplasmid-encoded transketolase with and without the enzyme cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate have been determined. Comparisons with other known transketolase structures reveal a high degree of structural conservation in both the catalytic site and the overall conformation. This work extends structural knowledge of the transketolases to the industrially and commercially importantLactobacillusgenus.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus salivarius CECT 5713, a Probiotic Strain Isolated from Human Milk and Infant Feces

2010 ◽  
Vol 192 (19) ◽  
pp. 5266-5267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Jiménez ◽  
Rocío Martín ◽  
Antonio Maldonado ◽  
Virginia Martín ◽  
Aranzazu Gómez de Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Lactobacillus Salivarius ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Healthy Mother ◽  
Mucosal Surfaces ◽  
Infant Feces ◽  
Infant Pair

ABSTRACT Lactobacillus salivarius is a homofermentative lactic acid bacterium and is frequently isolated from mucosal surfaces of healthy humans. L. salivarius CECT 5713, a strain isolated simultaneously from breast milk and infant feces of a healthy mother-infant pair, has immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-infectious properties, as revealed by several in vitro and in vivo assays. Here, we report its complete and annotated genome sequence.

Persistence of Colonization of Human Colonic Mucosa by a Probiotic Strain, Lactobacillus rhamnosusGG, after Oral Consumption

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Alander ◽  
Reetta Satokari ◽  
Riitta Korpela ◽  
Maija Saxelin ◽  
Terttu Vilpponen-Salmela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Colonic Biopsy ◽  
Oral Consumption ◽  
Lactose Fermentation ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Fermentation Test

ABSTRACT Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG is one of the most thoroughly studied probiotic strains. Its advantages in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders are well documented. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate with colonic biopsies the attachment of strain GG to human intestinal mucosae and the persistence of the attachment after discontinuation of GG administration. A whey drink fermented with strain GG was fed to human volunteers for 12 days. Fecal samples were collected before, during, and after consumption. L. rhamnosus GG-like colonies were detected in both fecal and colonic biopsy samples. Strain GG was identified by its characteristic colony morphology, a lactose fermentation test, and PCR. This study showed that strain GG was able to attach in vivo to colonic mucosae and, although the attachment was temporary, to remain for more than a week after discontinuation of GG administration. The results demonstrate that the study of fecal samples alone is not sufficient in evaluating colonization by a probiotic strain.

scholarly journals Impact of Environmental Factors on Bacteriocin Promoter Activity in Gut-Derived Lactobacillus salivarius

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (22) ◽  
pp. 7851-7859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitriona M. Guinane ◽  
Clare Piper ◽  
Lorraine A. Draper ◽  
Paula M. O'Connor ◽  
Colin Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Bacteriocin Production ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Lactobacillus Salivarius ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Class Iib

ABSTRACTBacteriocin production is regarded as a desirable probiotic trait that aids in colonization and persistence in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Strains ofLactobacillus salivarius, a species associated with the GIT, are regarded as promising probiotic candidates and have a number of associated bacteriocins documented to date. These include multiple class IIb bacteriocins (salivaricin T, salivaricin P, and ABP-118) and the class IId bacteriocin bactofencin A, which show activity against medically important pathogens. However, the production of a bacteriocin in laboratory media does not ensure production under stressful environmental conditions, such as those encountered within the GIT. To allow this issue to be addressed, the promoter regions located upstream of the structural genes encoding theL. salivariusbacteriocins mentioned above were fused to a number of reporter proteins (green fluorescent protein [GFP], red fluorescent protein [RFP], and luciferase [Lux]). Of these, only transcriptional fusions to GFP generated signals of sufficient strength to enable the study of promoter activity inL. salivarius. While analysis of the class IIb bacteriocin promoter regions indicated relatively weak GFP expression, assessment of the promoter of the antistaphylococcal bacteriocin bactofencin A revealed a strong promoter that is most active in the absence of the antimicrobial peptide and is positively induced in the presence of mild environmental stresses, including simulated gastric fluid. Taken together, these data provide information on factors that influence bacteriocin production, which will assist in the development of strategies to optimizein vivoandin vitroproduction of these antimicrobials.

scholarly journals In VivoSelection To Identify Bacterial Strains with Enhanced Ecological Performance in Synbiotic Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 2455-2465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina A. Krumbeck ◽  
María X. Maldonado-Gomez ◽  
Inés Martínez ◽  
Steven A. Frese ◽  
Thomas E. Burkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Distal Intestine ◽  
Probiotic Strains

ABSTRACTOne strategy for enhancing the establishment of probiotic bacteria in the human intestinal tract is via the parallel administration of a prebiotic, which is referred to as a synbiotic. Here we present a novel method that allows a rational selection of putative probiotic strains to be used in synbiotic applications:in vivoselection (IVS). This method consists of isolating candidate probiotic strains from fecal samples following enrichment with the respective prebiotic. To test the potential of IVS, we isolated bifidobacteria from human subjects who consumed increasing doses of galactooligosaccharides (GOS) for 9 weeks. A retrospective analysis of the fecal microbiota of one subject revealed an 8-fold enrichment inBifidobacterium adolescentisstrain IVS-1 during GOS administration. The functionality of GOS to support the establishment of IVS-1 in the gastrointestinal tract was then evaluated in rats administered the bacterial strain alone, the prebiotic alone, or the synbiotic combination. Strain-specific quantitative real-time PCR showed that the addition of GOS increasedB. adolescentisIVS-1 abundance in the distal intestine by nearly 2 logs compared to rats receiving only the probiotic. Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing not only confirmed the increased establishment of IVS-1 in the intestine but also revealed that the strain was able to outcompete the residentBifidobacteriumpopulation when provided with GOS. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that IVS can be used to successfully formulate a synergistic synbiotic that can substantially enhance the establishment and competitiveness of a putative probiotic strain in the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Oral toxicity evaluation of probiotic strains isolated from Finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] in Wistar rat models (in vivo)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Divisekera Mudiyanselage Wasundara Devanmini Divisekera ◽  
Jayanetthi Koralalage Ramani Radhika Samarasekera ◽  
Chamari Hettiarachchi ◽  
Rukesh Maharjan ◽  
Jaanaki Gooneratne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finger Millet ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Probiotic Strains

This study evaluates the oral toxicity of five probiotic strains recently isolated from fermented flour of finger-millet (Eleusine coracana) varieties of Sri Lanka. Probiotic strains; Lactobacillus plantarum MF405176, Lactobacillus fermentum MF033346, Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis MF480428, Enterococcus faecium MF480431and Pediococcus acidilactici MF480434 were evaluated for acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity in Wistars.  Three individual doses (108 CFU/g, 1010 CFU/g and 1012 CFU/g) of each probiotic strain at single oral dose of 5000 mg/kg bw were orally administered to rats and observations were done till 14th day. Since no animals demonstrated signs of toxicity as a result of the administrated probiotics strains, repeated dose sub-chronic oral toxicity study was conducted by oral administration of three doses (108 CFU/g, 1010 CFU/g, 1012 CFU/g) of each probiotic strain at 1000 mg/kg bw/day for consecutive 90 days. Administration of probiotic strains to rats did not caused mortality in any of the tested doses. No changes in animal behavior, feed or water intake and negative effects on body weight observed. Probiotic feeding did not cause changes in analyzed biochemical and hematological parameters attributed to toxicity. Bacteremia, bacterial translocation and histopathological changes in rat organs were not observed. No significant difference in liver enzymes observed in treatment groups compared to control. In conclusion, all tested probiotic strains are nonpathogenic therefore could be considered as safe for human consumption.

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