scholarly journals Genome Sequences of Five Mycobacterium bovis Strains Isolated from Farmed Animals and Wildlife in Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (15) ◽  
pp. e00258-18
Author(s):  
Olga Andrievskaia ◽  
Marc-Olivier Duceppe ◽  
Dara Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Livestock Industry ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, an infectious disease that affects both animals and humans and thus presents a risk to public health and the livestock industry. Here, we report the genome sequences of five Mycobacterium bovis strains that represent major genotype clusters observed in farmed animals and wildlife in Canada.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of Three Mycobacterium bovis Strains Identified in Cattle and Wildlife in France

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (27) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Branger ◽  
Amandine Hauer ◽  
Lorraine Michelet ◽  
Claudine Karoui ◽  
Thierry Cochard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium bovis is the etiologic agent of bovine tuberculosis, a chronic infectious disease affecting livestock, wild animals, and sometimes humans. We report here three draft genome sequences of Mycobacterium bovis strains of spoligotypes SB0821 and SB0134, isolated from wildlife but circulating in wildlife-livestock multihost systems, and SB0121, circulating exclusively in cattle.

scholarly journals Identification of Small Molecule Inhibitors of the Pathogen Box against Vibrio cholerae

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haeun Kim ◽  
Brianne J. Burkinshaw ◽  
Linh G. Lam ◽  
Kevin Manera ◽  
Tao G. Dong
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tropical Regions

Cholera is a serious infectious disease in tropical regions causing millions of infections annually. Vibrio cholerae , the causative agent of cholera, has gained multi-antibiotic resistance over the years, posing greater threat to public health and current treatment strategies. Here we report two compounds that effectively target the growth of V. cholerae and have the potential to control cholera infection.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in Antelopes in a Zoo in Poland – Problem of Public Health

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Krajewska ◽  
Michał Załuski ◽  
Anna Zabost ◽  
Blanka Orłowska ◽  
Ewa Augustynowicz-Kopeć ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Mycobacterium Caprae ◽  
In Captivity

Bovine tuberculosis is an infectious disease that occurs in many species of both domestic and wild animals, as well as those held in captivity. The etiological factor is the acid resistant bacillus (Mycobacterium bovis or Mycobacterium caprae), which is characterized by the major pathogenicity among mycobacteria belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The material from 8 antelopes from the zoo, suspected for tuberculosis were examined, and M. bovis strains were isolated from 6 of them. The spoligotyping method showing spoligo pattern 676763777777600. In Poland, this spoligotype has not been observed so far.

scholarly journals Bovine tuberculosis at the human-livestock-wildlife interface: Is it a public health problem in Tanzania? A review

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bugwesa Z. Katale ◽  
Erasto V. Mbugi ◽  
Sharon Kendal ◽  
Robert D. Fyumagwa ◽  
Gibson S. Kibiki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Skin Testing ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Tuberculin Skin Testing ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Potential Health

Despite the apparent public health concern about Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in Tanzania, little has been done regarding the zoonotic importance of the disease and raising awareness of the community to prevent the disease. Bovine tuberculosis is a potential zoonotic disease that can infect a variety of hosts, including humans. The presence of multiple hosts including wild animals, inefficient diagnostic techniques, absence of defined national controls and eradication programs could impede the control of bovine TB. In Tanzania, the diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis in animals is mostly carried out by tuberculin skin testing, meat inspection in abattoirs and only rarely using bacteriological techniques. The estimated prevalence of BTB in animals in Tanzania varies and ranges across regions from 0.2% to 13.3%, which is likely to be an underestimate if not confirmed by bacteriology or molecular techniques. Mycobacterium bovis has been detected and isolated from different animal species and has been recovered in 10% of apparently healthy wildebeest that did not show lesions at post-mortem. The transmission of the disease from animals to humans can occur directly through the aerosol route and indirectly by consumption of raw milk. This poses an emerging disease threat in the current era of HIV confection in Tanzania and elsewhere. Mycobacterium bovis is one of the causative agents of human extra pulmonary tuberculosis. In Tanzania there was a significant increase (116.6%) of extrapulmonary cases reported between 1995 and 2009, suggesting the possibility of widespread M. bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection due to general rise of Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This paper aims to review the potential health and economic impact of bovine tuberculosis and challenges to its control in order to safeguard human and animal population in Tanzania.

scholarly journals CapC, a Novel Autotransporter and Virulence Factor ofCampylobacter jejuni

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jai W. Mehat ◽  
Simon F. Park ◽  
Arnoud H. M. van Vliet ◽  
Roberto M. La Ragione
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reduced Adherence

ABSTRACTCampylobacter jejuniis recognized as an important causative agent of bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world. Despite the identification of several factors contributing to infection, characterization of the virulence strategies employed byC. jejuniremains a significant challenge. Bacterial autotransporter proteins are a major class of secretory proteins in Gram-negative bacteria, and notably, many autotransporter proteins contribute to bacterial virulence. The aim of this study was to characterize theC. jejuni81116 C8J_1278 gene (capC), predicted to encode an autotransporter protein, and examine the contribution of this factor to virulence ofC. jejuni. The predicted CapC protein has a number of features that are consistent with autotransporters, including the N-terminal signal sequence and the C-terminal β-barrel domain and was determined to localize to the outer membrane. Inactivation of thecapCgene inC. jejuni81116 andC. jejuniM1 resulted in reduced insecticidal activity inGalleria mellonellalarvae. Furthermore,C. jejuni capCmutants displayed significantly reduced adherence to and invasion of nonpolarized, partially differentiated Caco-2 and T84 intestinal epithelial cells. Gentamicin treatment showed that the reduced invasion of thecapCmutant is primarily caused by reduced adherence to intestinal epithelial cells, not by reduced invasion capability.C. jejuni capCmutants caused reduced interleukin 8 (IL-8) secretion from intestinal epithelial cells and elicited a significantly diminished immune reaction inGallerialarvae, indicating that CapC functions as an immunogen. In conclusion, CapC is a new virulence determinant ofC. jejunithat contributes to the integral infection process of adhesion to human intestinal epithelial cells.IMPORTANCECampylobacter jejuniis a major causative agent of human gastroenteritis, making this zoonotic pathogen of significant importance to human and veterinary public health worldwide. The mechanisms by whichC. jejuniinteracts with intestinal epithelial cells and causes disease are still poorly understood due, in part, to the heterogeneity ofC. jejuniinfection biology. Given the importance ofC. jejunito public health, the need to characterize novel and existing virulence mechanisms is apparent. The significance of our research is in demonstrating the role of CapC, a novel virulence factor inC. jejunithat contributes to adhesion and invasion of the intestinal epithelium, thereby in part, addressing the dearth of knowledge concerning the factors involved inCampylobacterpathogenesis and the variation observed in the severity of human infection.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequences of Paenibacillus larvae Phages Halcyone, Heath, Scottie, and Unity from Las Vegas, Nevada

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane G. Yost ◽  
Carolyn Chang ◽  
Lucy LeBlanc ◽  
Erin Cassin ◽  
Ceara Peterman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Las Vegas ◽  
Paenibacillus Larvae ◽  
American Foulbrood ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
American Foulbrood Disease

We present the complete genome sequences of four phages that infect Paenibacillus larvae, the causative agent of American foulbrood disease in honeybees. The phages were isolated from beehives and beeswax products from Las Vegas, Nevada.

scholarly journals Improved Skin Test for Differential Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis by the Addition of Rv3020c-Derived Peptides

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth J. Jones ◽  
Adam Whelan ◽  
Derek Clifford ◽  
Mick Coad ◽  
H. Martin Vordermeier
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Johne's Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Face ◽  
Mycobacterial Antigens

ABSTRACTA peptide cocktail derived from the mycobacterial antigens ESAT-6, CFP-10, and Rv3615c allowed differentiation betweenMycobacterium bovis-infected and M. bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated cattle when used as a skin test reagent for a “DIVA” test (i.e., a test capable ofdifferentiatinginfected and uninfectedvaccinatedanimals). Addition of the antigen Rv3020c improves the diagnostic sensitivity without compromising specificity in the face of BCG or Johne's disease vaccination.

scholarly journals Lack of Antimicrobial Resistance in Yersinia pestis Isolates from 17 Countries in the Americas, Africa, and Asia

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 555-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra K. Urich ◽  
Linda Chalcraft ◽  
Martin E. Schriefer ◽  
Brook M. Yockey ◽  
Jeannine M. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Yersinia Pestis ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTYersinia pestisis the causative agent of plague, a fulminant disease that is often fatal without antimicrobial treatment. Plasmid (IncA/C)-mediated multidrug resistance inY. pestiswas reported in 1995 in Madagascar and has generated considerable public health concern, most recently because of the identification of IncA/C multidrug-resistant plasmids in other zoonotic pathogens. Here, we demonstrate no resistance in 392Y. pestisisolates from 17 countries to eight antimicrobials used for treatment or prophylaxis of plague.

scholarly journals Three Draft Genome Sequences of the Bacterial Plant Pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum, Isolated in Georgia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Kotorashvili ◽  
Galina Meparishvili ◽  
Giorgi Gogoladze ◽  
Nato Kotaria ◽  
Maka Muradashvili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bacterial Plant Pathogen ◽  
Pepper Plants

ABSTRACT Ralstonia solanacearum, the causative agent of bacterial wilt, is a devastating bacterial plant pathogen with a wide range of hosts. We report here the first draft genome sequences for three strains of Ralstonia solanacearum isolated from infected potato, tomato, and pepper plants in Georgia.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium bovis Strain D-10-02315 Isolated from Wild Boar

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Branger ◽  
Amandine Hauer ◽  
Lorraine Michelet ◽  
Claudine Karoui ◽  
Thierry Cochard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Wild Animals

Mycobacterium bovis is the etiologic agent of bovine tuberculosis, a chronic infectious disease, affecting livestock, wild animals, and sometimes humans. We report the draft genome sequence of a Mycobacterium bovis strain isolated from wild boar of spoligotype SB0120 (or BCG-like) also present in wildlife-livestock multi-host systems.

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