scholarly journals Reassessment of Routine Midstream Culture in Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanchutha Sathiananthamoorthy ◽  
James Malone-Lee ◽  
Kiren Gill ◽  
Anna Tymon ◽  
Trang K. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Interpretation Criteria ◽  
The Uk

ABSTRACTMidstream urine (MSU) culture remains the gold standard diagnostic test for confirming urinary tract infection (UTI). We previously showed that patients with chronic lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) below the diagnostic cutoff on MSU culture may still harbor bacterial infection and that their antibiotic treatment was associated with symptom resolution. Here, we evaluated the results of the United Kingdom’s MSU culture in symptomatic patients and controls. Next, we compared the bacterial enrichment capabilities of the MSU culture with those of a 50-µl uncentrifuged culture, a 30-ml centrifuged sediment culture, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This study was conducted on urine specimens from 33 LUTS patients attending their first clinical appointment (mean age, 48.7 years; standard deviation [SD], 16.5 years), 30 LUTS patients on treatment (mean age, 47.8 years; SD, 16.5 years) whose symptoms had relapsed, and 29 asymptomatic controls (mean age, 40.7 years, SD, 15.7 years). We showed that the routine MSU culture, adopting the UK interpretation criteria tailored to acute UTI, failed to detect a variety of bacterial species, including recognized uropathogens. Moreover, the diagnostic MSU culture was unable to discriminate between patients and controls. In contrast, genomic analysis of urine enriched by centrifugation discriminated between the groups, generating a more accurate understanding of species richness. In conclusion, the United Kingdom’s MSU protocol misses a significant proportion of bacteria, which include recognized uropathogens, and may be unsuitable for excluding UTI in patients with LUTS.

scholarly journals Trends in Antibiotic Resistance of Major Uropathogens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falah Hasan Obayes AL-Khikani
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Around the world, there is no population clear from urinary tract infection (UTI), particularly among women. UTI is considered the most predominant bacterial infection. This study aimed to detect the incidence of the most common major uropathogens in patients severe from urinary tract infection with antibiotic sensitivity tests that assist urologist doctors for appropriate antimicrobial empirical therapy.Methods: This study was carried in a private laboratory in Babil city, Iraq from May 2019 to May 2020. Totally 70 individuals suffering from clear symptoms of UTI, as well as, 20 healthy persons participated in this study as a control group. Then, the standard microbiological methods carried out to isolate and identify bacterial species. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using different antimicrobial discs by applying the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Totally, 90 specimens were obtained from them 20 control group, 19 with no growth, and 51 patients with bacterial growth distributed as 43 (83%) females and 8 (17%) males. E. coli were the most common predominant organisms. All isolates were showed a high rate of resistance to evaluated cephalosporins 100% and 82% to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone respectively, while very low resistance recorded in Aminoglycosides 20% and 13% to Gentamicin and amikacin respectively. Most age group infected with UTI was 21-40 years old.Conclusion: The current study showed an increasing burden of urinary tract infection caused by various bacteria implicated in UTI that causes changeable sensitivity to various antimicrobial agents. Therefore, in clinical use appropriate medications should be selected based on the data obtained from antimicrobial susceptibility tests.

scholarly journals Supporting patients with long-term catheterisation to reduce risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. S4-S17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Waskiewicz ◽  
Obrey Alexis ◽  
Deborah Cross
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
The Uk

More than 90 000 of the UK adult population are estimated to have a urinary catheter, with 24% likely to develop symptoms of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). The consequences of having a CAUTI are reduced quality of life, risk of hospitalisation and increased mortality. The authors undertook a literature review of primary research studies to identify how nurses could support patients to maintain effective catheter care to reduce the risk of CAUTI. Four themes emerged: education, knowledge, empowerment and communication. The authors therefore conclude that consistent knowledge, clear communication and treating patients as partners in the decision-making process can help build trust and allow empower patients. This will enable patients to make safe and healthy decisions about their catheter, particularly with regard to personal hygiene and optimal fluid intake, to reducing the risk of CAUTI.

The use of perineal pad testing to assess urinary incontinence

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Jeyaseelan ◽  
JA Oldham ◽  
BH Roe
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
The Uk

Urinary incontinence is a condition in which involuntary loss of urine is objectively demonstrated and results in a social or hygienic problem. A poll conducted for the Association for Continence Advice estimated that up to three million people in the UK suffer from incontinence. The incontinence may be transient, e.g. as a result of a urinary tract infection, or permanent, e.g. as a result of damage to the pelvic floor. Many sufferers may not seek medical advice for their predicament and the figures given above may be a gross underestimation of the problem.

scholarly journals Performance of Conventional Urine Culture Compared to 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing in Children with Suspected Urinary Tract Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Marshall ◽  
Marcia Kurs-Lasky ◽  
Christi L. McElheny ◽  
Sophia Bridwell ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Conventional Culture

Concordance between conventional culture and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing appears to be high. In children with equivocal culture results, 16S rRNA gene results may provide information that may help clarify the diagnosis.

scholarly journals Bacterial species isolated from cats with lower urinary tract infection and their susceptibilities to cefovecin

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banu Dokuzeylül ◽  
Beren Kahraman ◽  
Alper Bayrakal ◽  
Belgi Siğirci ◽  
Baran Çelik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Urinary

scholarly journals Risk of Early Birth among Women with a Urinary Tract Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. e5-e14
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Baer ◽  
Nichole Nidey ◽  
Gretchen Bandoli ◽  
Brittany D. Chambers ◽  
Christina D. Chambers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Code ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Primary Sample ◽  
Risk Ratios

Abstract Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate the risk of preterm birth (PTB, <37 weeks) and early term (37 and 38 weeks) birth among women with an emergency department (ED) visit or hospitalization with a urinary tract infection (UTI) by trimester of pregnancy. Methods The primary sample was selected from births in California between 2011 and 2017. UTIs were identified from the ED or hospital discharge records. Risk of PTB, by subtype, and early term birth were evaluated by trimester of pregnancy and by type of visit using log-linear regression. Risk ratios were adjusted for maternal factors. Antibiotic usage was examined in a population of privately insured women from Iowa. Results Women with a UTI during pregnancy were at elevated risk of a birth <32 weeks, 32 to 36 weeks, and 37 to 38 weeks (adjusted risk ratios [aRRs] 1.1–1.4). Of the women with a diagnostic code for multiple bacterial species, 28.8% had a PTB. A UTI diagnosis elevated risk of PTB regardless of antibiotic treatment (aRR 1.4 for treated, aRR 1.5 for untreated). Conclusion UTIs are associated with early birth. This association is present regardless of the trimester of pregnancy, type of PTB, and antibiotic treatment.

scholarly journals Actinomycetes of rhizosphere soil producing antibacterial compounds against Urinary Tract Infection bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
PRAMESITA PRAWADIKA APSARI ◽  
SRI BUDIARTI ◽  
ARIS TRI WAHYUDI
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds

Abstract. Apsari PP, Budiarti S, Wahyudi AT. 2019. Actinomycetes of rhizosphere soil producing antibacterial compounds against Urinary Tract Infection bacteria. Biodiversitas 20: 1259-1265. Based on the ability of actinomycetes as an antibacterial compounds producer and the need of finding novel antibacterial compounds, this study aims to look for antibacterial compounds from rhizosphere actinomycetes against bacteria in urine of UTI patients (Escherichia coli, Citrobacter braakii, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae). The screening of 21 actinomycetes was conducted based on the paper disc method. Potential actinomycetes that inhibited test bacteria were, then cultured in liquid medium and the supernatant was tested to six test bacteria. Then, the supernatant was extracted using ethyl acetate and crude extract from extraction process was tested to test bacteria. Afterward, the crude extract was scanned for bioactive compounds by GC-MS. Potential actinomycetes were identified by 16S rRNA gene to reveal the species. The screening results showed that ARJ 16, 24, and 36 had a wider inhibition zone than others. All of them showed that the supernatant and the crude extract could inhibit UTI's bacteria. The highest abundance of bioactive compound of crude extract was found in Propane, 1,2-dichloro, n-Hexadecanoic acid, and Carbonochloridic acid, 2-chloroethyl ester, respectively. Identification of potential actinomycetes based on 16S rRNA gene showed that ARJ 16 and ARJ 24 were highly similar to Streptomyces sp. in 99% and ARJ 36 was similar to Streptomyces tendae in 98%.

scholarly journals Pathogens isolated from clinical cases of urinary tract infection in dogs and their antibiogram

2018 ◽  
pp. 1037-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Punia ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Gaurav Charaya ◽  
Tarun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Sensitivity Testing

Aim: This study aims to determine the etiology of urinary tract infection (UTI) in dogs and to develop an antibiogram of organisms isolated. Materials and Methods: Urine samples were collected either through catheterization or cystocentesis from 35 dogs suspected of UTI admitted to VCC, LUVAS, Hisar. Bacteria were identified on the basis of cultural characteristics in 22 samples, and all the isolates were subjected to in vitro antimicrobial sensitivity testing. Results: The urine samples found positive for bacteria yielded pure colony growth in 77.27% and mixed growth in 22.73% samples, respectively. Escherichia coli (29.62%) and Streptococcus spp. (29.62%) were the most prevalent microorganisms followed by Staphylococcus spp. (22.22%), Klebsiella spp. (11.11%), Pseudomonas spp. (3.7%), and Bacillus spp. (3.7%). Overall, maximum sensitivity of isolates was found toward ceftriaxone/tazobactam (88.88%) and least toward amoxicillin and cloxacillin (29.62%). Conclusion: E. coli and Streptococcus spp. were the most predominant bacteria isolated from UTI affected dogs. In vitro sensitivity revealed a significant proportion of bacteria to be multidrug resistant. Keywords: antibiogram, multidrug resistance, Escherichia coli, Staphylococci, Streptococci.

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